C++ WebDriver扩展

概述

WebDriver协议基于HTTP，使用JSON进行数据传输，定义了client与driver之间的通信标准。无论client的实现语言（如Java或C#），都能通过协议中的endpoints准确指示driver执行各种操作，覆盖了Selenium的所有功能。这些endpoints详细列出了所有可用的功能点。

目标

msedgedriver下载

启动

msedgedriver.exe --port=8080 --remote-allow-origins=* - --verbose -allow-insecure-localhost --allowed-origins=* --allowed-ips=["127.0.0.1"] --headless --disable-gpu

示例

#include "webdriver.h"

int main() {
    WebDriver m_driver;
    m_driver.NavigateTo("https://www.hao123.com/");
    qDebug() << m_driver.getPageSource();
}

效果

webdriver.h

#ifndef WEBDRIVER_H
#define WEBDRIVER_H

#include <QNetworkAccessManager>
#include <QNetworkReply>

class WebDriver : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    WebDriver();
    ~WebDriver();

    void getStatus();
    void getTimeout();
    void setTimeOut(int implicit, long long pageLoad, long long script);
    void NavigateTo(const QString& url);
    QString getCurrentUrl();
    void historyBack();
    void historyForward();
    void refresh();
    QString getTitle();
    QString showWindow();
    void closeWindow();
    void getWindowHandles();
    void createWindow();
    QString getPageSource();

signals:
    void response(const QByteArray& bytes);

private:
    void connectToServer(const QUrl& url);

private:
    void post(const QByteArray& bytes);
    void get();
    void deleteRes();

private:
    void waitFinish();

private:
    QString m_host;
    QNetworkAccessManager m_networkManger;
    QNetworkRequest m_client;

    std::string m_sessionID;
    std::string m_elementID;
    QByteArray m_responseCache;
};

#endif // WEBDRIVER_H

webdriver.cpp

#include "webdriver.h"
#include <QElapsedTimer>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QJsonDocument>
#include <QJsonObject>
#include "webDriverResponseJson.h"
#include "webDriverRequestJson.h"

WebDriver::WebDriver() : m_host("http://127.0.0.1:8080"){
    connectToServer(QUrl(m_host  + "/session"));
}

WebDriver::~WebDriver() {
    if (m_sessionID.empty())
        return;
    m_client.setUrl(QUrl(m_host + QString("/session/") + QString::fromStdString(m_sessionID)));
    deleteRes();
    waitFinish();
}


void WebDriver::connectToServer(const QUrl& url) {
    m_client.setUrl(url);
    m_client.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::ContentTypeHeader, "application/json; charset=utf-8");
    m_client.setHeader(QNetworkRequest::UserAgentHeader, "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/128.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/128.0.0.0");
    m_client.setRawHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");

    REQ::Options options;
    options.capabilities.browserName = "edge";
    std::string json = JS::serializeStruct(options, JS::SerializerOptions(JS::SerializerOptions::Compact));
    post(QString::fromStdString(json).toLocal8Bit());

    waitFinish();

    // 反序列
    RES::MSEdgeRoot response;
    JS::ParseContext      parseContext(m_responseCache.data());
    auto                  error = parseContext.parseTo(response);
    if (JS::Error::NoError != error) {
        std::string errorStr = parseContext.makeErrorString();
        fprintf(stderr, "Error parsing struct %s\n", errorStr.c_str());
    }
    m_sessionID = response.value.sessionId;
}



void WebDriver::NavigateTo(const QString& url) {
    m_client.setUrl(QUrl(m_host + QString("/session/") + QString::fromStdString(m_sessionID) + "/url"));
    REQ::NavigateTo nav;
    nav.url = url.toStdString();
    std::string json = JS::serializeStruct(nav, JS::SerializerOptions(JS::SerializerOptions::Compact));
    post(QString::fromStdString(json).toLocal8Bit());

    waitFinish();

     QJsonParseError jsonError;
     QJsonDocument doucment = QJsonDocument::fromJson(m_responseCache, &jsonError);  // 转化为 JSON 文档
     if (!doucment.isNull() && (jsonError.error == QJsonParseError::NoError)) {  // 解析未发生错误
         if (doucment.isObject()) { // JSON 文档为对象
             QJsonObject object = doucment.object();  // 转化为对象
             if (object.contains("value")) {  // 包含指定的 key
                 QJsonValue value = object.value("value");  // 获取指定 key 对应的 value
                 qDebug() << "NavigateTo " << (value.isNull() ? "Success" : "Fail");
             }
         }
     }
}

QString WebDriver::getPageSource() {
    m_client.setUrl(QUrl(m_host + QString("/session/") + QString::fromStdString(m_sessionID) + "/source"));
    get();
    waitFinish();

    QJsonParseError jsonError;
    QJsonDocument doucment = QJsonDocument::fromJson(m_responseCache, &jsonError);  // 转化为 JSON 文档
    if (!doucment.isNull() && (jsonError.error == QJsonParseError::NoError)) {  // 解析未发生错误
        if (doucment.isObject()) { // JSON 文档为对象
            QJsonObject object = doucment.object();  // 转化为对象
            if (object.contains("value")) {  // 包含指定的 key
                QJsonValue value = object.value("value");  // 获取指定 key 对应的 value
                if (value.isString())
                    return value.toString();
            }
        }
    }
    return QString::fromStdString(m_responseCache.toStdString());
}



void WebDriver::waitFinish() {
    QEventLoop loop;
    connect(this, &WebDriver::response, &loop, &QEventLoop::quit);
    loop.exec();
}

void WebDriver::post(const QByteArray& bytes) {
    auto reply = m_networkManger.post(m_client, bytes);
    connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, [this, reply]() {
        m_responseCache = reply->readAll();
        qDebug() << "finish:" << m_responseCache;
        emit response(m_responseCache);
        });
}

void WebDriver::get() {
    auto reply = m_networkManger.get(m_client);
    connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, [this, reply]() {
        m_responseCache = reply->readAll();
        qDebug() << "finish:" << m_responseCache;
        emit response(m_responseCache);
        });
}

void WebDriver::deleteRes() {
    auto reply = m_networkManger.deleteResource(m_client);
    connect(reply, &QNetworkReply::finished, [this, reply]() {
        emit response(m_responseCache);
    });
}

example.py

import requests
import json
session_url = 'http://localhost:8080/session'
session_pars ={"capabilities": {"browserName": "edge"}}
r_session = requests.post(session_url,json=session_pars)
print(json.dumps(r_session.json(),indent=2))

参考

使用 WebDriver 自动执行 Microsoft Edge - Microsoft Edge Developer documentation | Microsoft Learn WebDriver

selenium ,webdriver 运行原理与机制-腾讯云开发者社区-腾讯云

C/C++ JSON ORM 之 structs 数据结构相互嵌套定义-CSDN博客

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创作不易，小小的支持一下吧！