[Vim][常用操作整理]详细讲解

0.说明

为何是全英文？
- 本篇文章为本人的一次尝试，之所以用全英文介绍，也是为了和读者一起熟悉全英文文档
  - 虽说是全英文的文档，但是还是很浅显易懂的
- 如果有读者需要一份中文版本，可以评论或者私聊，我会考虑再出一份中文版本的
内容方面：
- 本文整理出的操作，都是基础语法之外的一些操作及一些常用组合
- 同时，部分操作我只给出了一个例子，其他操作是同理的，相信学过Vim基础的小伙伴是可以自己发散开的
- 没有Vim基础的小伙伴，也不用担心，我后面会出Vim的基础教程~

ea：insert (append) at the end of the word
Ctrl + h：delete the character before the cursor during insert mode
Ctrl + w：delete the word before the cursor during insert mode
Ctrl + j：begin new line during insert mode
Ctrl + t：indent(move right) line one shiftwidth during insert mode
Ctrl + d：de-indent(move left) line one shiftwidth during insert mode
Ctrl + n：insert(auto-complete ) next match before the cursor during insert mode
Ctrl + p：insert(auto-complete ) previous match before the cursor during insert mode
Ctrl + rx：insert the contents of register x
Ctrl + ox：Temporarily enter normal mode to issue one normal-mode command x.

Registers are being stored in ~/.viminfo, and will be loaded again on next restart of vim.
Special registers：
- 0：last yank
- "：unnamed register, last delete or yank
- %： current file name
- #： alternate file name
- *：clipboard contents (X11 primary)
- +：clipboard contents (X11 clipboard)
- /：last search pattern
- :：last command-line
- .：last inserted text
- -：last small (less than a line) delete
- =：expression register
- _：black hole register

:marks：list of marks
- ma：set current position for mark A
- ```a``：jump to position of mark A
- y`a：yank text to position of mark A
- ```0``：go to the position where Vim was previously exited
- ```"``：go to the position when last editing this file
- ```.``：go to the position of last editing this file
- `` ` ```：go to the position before the last last jump
:ju[mps]：list of jumps
- Ctrl + i：go to newer position in jump list
  - Jump forward
- Ctrl + o：go to older position in jump list
  - Jump backwards
:changes：list of changes
- g：go to newer position in change list
- g;：go to older position in change list
Ctrl + ]：jump to the tag under cursor
- This is a common command for viewing code definitions in Vim.
- When the cursor is over an identifier, such as a function name or variable name, use Ctrl + ]to jump to the definition of that identifier
Tip ：To jump to a mark you can either use a backtick (`````) or an apostrophe ('). Using an apostrophe jumps to the beginning (first non-blank) of the line holding the mark.

p：put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
P：put (paste) before cursor
gp：put (paste) the clipboard after cursor and leave cursor after the new text
gP：put (paste) the clipboard before cursor and leave cursor after the new text
d$ or D：delete (cut) to the end of the line

@pattern：'very magic' pattern: non-alphanumeric characters are interpreted as special regex symbols (no escaping needed)
:noh[lsearch]：remove highlighting of search matches

za：toggle fold under the cursor
zo：open fold under the cursor
zc：close fold under the cursor
zr：reduce (open) all folds by one level
zm：fold more (close) all folds by one level
zi：toggle folding functionality
]c：jump to start of next change
[c：jump to start of previous change
Tip：The commands for folding (e.g. za) operate on one level. To operate on all levels, use uppercase letters (e.g. zA)