Docker | 安装mysql全流程以及镜像打包实战

胜天半月子2024-11-03 19:53

Dcoker实战-安装打包MySql

安装mysql

1. docker hub.上面查找mysql镜像

2. 从docker hub.上（阿里云加速器）拉取mysql镜像到本地标签为5.7

clike 复制代码 
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
20e4dcae4c69: Pull complete
1c56c3d4ce74: Pull complete
e9f03a1c24ce: Pull complete
68c3898c2015: Pull complete
6b95a940e7b6: Pull complete
90986bb8de6e: Pull complete
ae71319cb779: Pull complete
ffc89e9dfd88: Pull complete
43d05e938198: Pull complete
064b2d298fba: Pull complete
df9a4d85569b: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:4bc6bc963e6d8443453676cae56536f4b8156d78bae03c0145cbe47c2aad73bb
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7


[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                              TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
crpi-yy9yj7syn08stogn.cn-shanghai.personal.cr.aliyuncs.com/zhenh/zyan   1.1       ca7abefb7af7   40 hours ago    191MB
172.21.47.251:5000/zyan/hgubuntu                                        1.2       59ab366372d5   2 weeks ago     78.1MB
ubuntu                                                                  latest    59ab366372d5   2 weeks ago     78.1MB
mysql                                                                   5.7       5107333e08a8   10 months ago   501MB
registry                                                                latest    75ef5b734af4   13 months ago   25.4MB
redis                                                                   6.0.8     16ecd2772934   4 years ago     104MB

3.使用mysql:5.7镜像创建容器（也叫运行镜像）

简单版 -- 有坑版
1. 查看端口 并启动mysql5.7
clike 复制代码 
# 查看端口3306 是否占用
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef  |  grep mysql
root      4468  2013  0 12:30 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
# 执行 ps -ef | grep mysql 后，只显示了一个进程信息，这个进程实际上是你自己运行的 grep 命令本身。这意味着在执行该命令时，并没有找到其他与 mysql 相关的正在运行的进程。


docker run -p 3306:3306  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7
  • 成功启动
2. 进入mysql 建库建表插入数据

语句后面一定要加 ；

clike 复制代码 
mysql> show database;   #  错误语句
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases
    -> ^C
mysql> show databases;  #  正确语句
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database db01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db01               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use db01;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id int,name varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'hg');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id   | name |
+------+------+
|    1 | hg   |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3. 外部Win10也来连接运行在dokcer上的mysql容器实例服务


WIN10插入数据--英文


clike 复制代码 
# 再进入docker服务里的  查看数据  发现 win10操作的  同样可以看到
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+-------+
| id   | name  |
+------+-------+
|    1 | hg    |
|    2 | lisi4 |
+------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
WIN10插入数据--中文


  • 分析 可能是安装后 和字符集编码相关
clike 复制代码 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                     |
| character_set_connection | latin1                     |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | latin1                     |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>


一定要以容器内部显示的编码格式为依据 删除容器后，里面的nysql数据如何办？ 同样，容器数据卷技术也适用于数据库上，需要备份进行持久化存储

实战版 -- 埋坑版⭐⭐
clike 复制代码 
docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /zza/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /zza/mysql/logs:/logs -v /zza/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7

以后类比 ， 重要的数据都需要挂在容器数据卷

1. 新建容器实例
clike 复制代码 
 docker run -p 3306:3306 --privileged=true  -v /zza/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /zza/mysql/log:/var/log/log -v /zza/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7


2. 新建my.cnf

通过容器卷同步给mysql容器实例

clike 复制代码 
[root@localhost conf]# ls -l
总用量 0
[root@localhost conf]# vim my.cnf
[root@localhost conf]# cat my.cnf
[client]
default_character_set=utf8
[mysqld]
collation_server = utf8_general_ci
character_set_server = utf8

[root@localhost conf]#
#  要重启 保证配置文件生效
[root@localhost conf]# docker restart 2390dee74aa9
2390dee74aa9
3.重新启动mysql2容器实例再重新进入并查看字符编码
clike 复制代码 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
clike 复制代码 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database db01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use db01;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id int,name varchar(15));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into t1(1,'fff');
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '1,'fff')' at line 1
mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'fff');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| id   | name |
+------+------+
|    1 | fff  |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
4.再新建库新建表再插入中文测试
clike 复制代码 
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+--------+
| id   | name   |
+------+--------+
|    1 | fff    |
|    3 | 昊哥   |
+------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
  • 结论
5.测试删除容器 从新加载数据是否从新显示
clike 复制代码 
[root@localhost mysql]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
2390dee74aa9   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   15 minutes ago   Up 10 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   fervent_mclean
[root@localhost mysql]# ls -l
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root    root   20 10月 30 13:09 conf
drwxr-xr-x. 6 polkitd root 4096 10月 30 13:13 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root    root    6 10月 30 13:05 log
[root@localhost mysql]# coker rm -f 2390dee74aa9
bash: coker: 未找到命令...
[root@localhost mysql]# docker rm -f 2390dee74aa9
2390dee74aa9
[root@localhost mysql]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@localhost mysql]#


这个实例再次验证了容器卷挂载的必要性 ，即使日常手误删除了相关的操作， 仍有机会进行数据复原

答疑解惑

关于命令挂载那一块

clike 复制代码 
-v /zza/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d 
-v /zza/mysql/log:/var/log/log 
-v /zza/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql


配置好的mysql上传到私有库进行保存

1. 查看私有库已存在的镜像
  1. 运行registry 镜像
  2. 查看镜像
  3. 查看私有库存在的镜像
clike 复制代码 
[root@localhost conf]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                              TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
crpi-yy9yj7syn08stogn.cn-shanghai.personal.cr.aliyuncs.com/zhenh/zyan   1.1       ca7abefb7af7   41 hours ago    191MB
172.21.47.251:5000/zyan/hgubuntu                                        1.2       59ab366372d5   2 weeks ago     78.1MB
ubuntu                                                                  latest    59ab366372d5   2 weeks ago     78.1MB
mysql                                                                   5.7       5107333e08a8   10 months ago   501MB
registry                                                                latest    75ef5b734af4   13 months ago   25.4MB
redis                                                                   6.0.8     16ecd2772934   4 years ago     104MB
[root@localhost conf]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /zzyyuse/myregistry/:/tmp/registry --privileged=true registry
9090b5e984a0ded93b5ff2a00ce4251566ae6422e6162df6b4dfc36caf5a7e92
[root@localhost conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                   CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                                  NAMES
9090b5e984a0   registry    "/entrypoint.sh /etc..."   3 seconds ago   Up 3 seconds   0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp              vigilant_euler
78ba41711142   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   8 minutes ago   Up 8 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   jovial_bell
[root@localhost conf]# curl -XGET http://172.21.47.251:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}
2. 推送至私有镜像
clike 复制代码 
[root@localhost conf]# docker   tag   镜像:Tag   Host:Port/Repository:Tag
Error parsing reference: "镜像:Tag" is not a valid repository/tag: invalid reference format
[root@localhost conf]# docker   tag   mysql:5.7   172.21.47.251:5000/mysql_rqj:0.1
[root@localhost conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
9090b5e984a0   registry    "/entrypoint.sh /etc..."   15 minutes ago   Up 15 minutes   0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp              vigilant_euler
78ba41711142   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   23 minutes ago   Up 23 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   jovial_bell
[root@localhost conf]#
[root@localhost conf]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                                              TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
crpi-yy9yj7syn08stogn.cn-shanghai.personal.cr.aliyuncs.com/zhenh/zyan   1.1       ca7abefb7af7   41 hours ago    191MB
172.21.47.251:5000/zyan/hgubuntu                                        1.2       59ab366372d5   2 weeks ago     78.1MB
ubuntu                                                                  latest    59ab366372d5   2 weeks ago     78.1MB
172.21.47.251:5000/mysql_rqj                                            0.1       5107333e08a8   10 months ago   501MB
mysql                                                                   5.7       5107333e08a8   10 months ago   501MB
registry                                                                latest    75ef5b734af4   13 months ago   25.4MB
redis                                                                   6.0.8     16ecd2772934   4 years ago     104MB
[root@localhost conf]# docker push 172.21.47.251:5000/mysql_rqj:0.1
The push refers to repository [172.21.47.251:5000/mysql_rqj]
441e16cac4fe: Pushed
73cb62467b8f: Pushed
337ec6bae222: Pushed
532b66f4569d: Pushed
0d9e9a9ce9e4: Pushed
4555572a6bb2: Pushed
8527ccd6bd85: Pushed
d76a5f910f6b: Pushed
8b2952eb02aa: Pushed
7ff7abf4911b: Pushed
cff044e18624: Pushed
0.1: digest: sha256:4b6c4935195233bc10b617df3cc725a9ddd5a7f10351a7bf573bea0b5ded7649 size: 2618
[root@localhost conf]# curl -XGET http://172.21.47.251:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["mysql_rqj"]}
[root@localhost conf]#

一个问题 -- 待解答 ？？

docker push后 我stop了容器 从新run镜像实例，再次curl查看私有库镜像内容 发现没有任何镜像

bash 复制代码 
[root@localhost conf]# curl -XGET http://172.21.47.251:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["mysql_rqj"]}

[root@localhost conf]# ^C

[root@localhost conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
9090b5e984a0   registry    "/entrypoint.sh /etc..."   21 minutes ago   Up 21 minutes   0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp              vigilant_euler
78ba41711142   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   29 minutes ago   Up 29 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   jovial_bell

[root@localhost conf]# docker stop 9090b5e984a0
9090b5e984a0

[root@localhost conf]# curl -XGET http://172.21.47.251:5000/v2/_catalog
curl: (7) Failed connect to 172.21.47.251:5000; 拒绝连接

[root@localhost conf]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /zzyyuse/myregistry/:/tmp/registry --privileged=true registry
90fb924e35e3fcef4103f9d7b642e57af281f379988041f466b739028e9e56c4

[root@localhost conf]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
90fb924e35e3   registry    "/entrypoint.sh /etc..."   5 seconds ago    Up 4 seconds    0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp              sharp_fermi
78ba41711142   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   30 minutes ago   Up 30 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   jovial_bell

[root@localhost conf]# curl -XGET http://172.21.47.251:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}

此问题存疑 等解决了之后再补充！！！！

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