Oracle 11g升级到Oracle12c
Oracle11g数据库环境准备与数据备份
环境：
oracle11.2.0.4 to oralce12.2.0.1
升级方案：
升级方案很多种，我们ORACLE培训课程第8阶段有所讲所有的升级方案，我们这里采用DBUA官方建议的方法
1、手工通过upgrade方式，执行大量的脚本去手工升级
2、dbua图形方式升级（官方推荐的）
oracle安装目录备份
修改主机名：
hostname hefeidb
vi /etc/hostname
停所有的数据库服务
oracle数据库备份
cd /backup
tar /cvf /backup/oracle.tar /oracle
停机时间长：启动mount状态，完整备份
不停机时间短：在线备份+归档
mkdir /backup/hferpdb
sql
rman target /
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
run
{
allocate channel d1 type disk;
allocate channel d2 type disk;
backup format '/backup/hfhsdb/hferpdbfull_%U' database include current controlfile;
release channel d1;
release channel d2;
} Oracle12c安装过程
用oracle用户，上传linuxx64_12201_database.zip，
su - oracle
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0
chmod -R 775 /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0
修改环境变量：
oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle]$cp ~/.bash_profile ~/.bash_profile.bak
oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle\]$vi \~/.bash_profile ```sql \#export PATH PS1="[`whoami`@`hostname`:"'$PWD]$' export PS1 export TMP=/tmp export LANG=en_US export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_UNQNAME=hefeidb ORACLE_SID=hefeidb; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"; export NLS_DATE_FORMAT NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK;export NLS_LANG PATH=.:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin; export PATH THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG umask=022 ``` 验证： \[root@hefeidb backup\]# su - oracle Last login: Sun Aug 27 16:11:11 CST 2023 on pts/1 \[oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle\]$env \|grep ORACLE ```sql ORACLE_UNQNAME=hefeidb ORACLE_SID=hefeidb ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle ORACLE_TERM=xterm ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 ``` 解压12c的安装软件 \[oracle@hefeidb:/backup\]$unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip 运行vnc安装： \[oracle@hefeidb:/backup\]$vncserver \[oracle@hefeidb:/backup/database\] ./runInstaller        #### 安装监听： 监听端口改成1522，后面升级完后再改回1521. netca   ### Oracle11g数据库升级检查与测试 \[oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle\]$source \~/.bash_profile.bak \[oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle\]$env \|grep ORACLE ORACLE_UNQNAME=hefeidb ORACLE_SID=hefeidb ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle ORACLE_TERM=xterm ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 \[oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle\]$which sqlplus \[oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle\]$source \~/.bash_profile.bak \[oracle@hefeidb:/home/oracle\]$/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlplus "/as sysdba" #### 运行preupgrade.jar ，生产检查脚本 \[oracle@hefeidb:/backup\]$unzip preupgrade_12201_cbuild_20_lf.zip \[oracle@hefeidb:/backup\]$source \~/.bash_profile.bak --【到之前的环境变量里面去】 \[oracle@hefeidb:/backup\]$java -jar preupgrade.jar  \[oracle@hefeidb:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin\]$more /oracle/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/hefeidb/preupgrade/preupgrade.log #### 数据库表空间修改  \[oracle@hefeidb:/backup\]$/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlplus "/as sysdba" SQL\> select name from v$datafile; SQL\> alter database datafile '/oradata/hefeidb/system01.dbf' resize 1010m; #### em管理器修改  \[oracle@hefeidb:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin\]$cp emremove.sql .../.../.../.../11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/ \[oracle@hefeidb:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin\]$emctl stop dbconsole \[oracle@hefeidb:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1\]$/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlplus "/as sysdba" SQL\> SET ECHO ON; SQL\> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON; SQL\> @?/rdbms/admin/emremove.sql SQL\> @/oracle/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/hefeidb/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql #### 升级前收集信息  #### 检查无效对象 SQL\> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql ### Oracle11g升级到Oracle12c过程 用vnc连接到oracle，要在12c的环境下面运行dbua进行升级      ### Oracle11g到Oracle12c后期检查 #### 升级后执行的脚本 再12c执行 /oracle/app/oracle/cfgtoollgs/hefeidb/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql   #### 升级完成后的检查 dbupgdiag.sql  #### 对象检查 hcheck.sql /etc/oratab  #### show parameter compat alter system set compatble='12.2.0.1.0' scope=spfile; #### show parameter list alter system set local_listener=''; #### 启停数据库测试 