Flutter开发环境配置

下载 Flutter SDK

下载地址：https://docs.flutter.cn/get-started/install

M1/M2芯片选择带arm64字样的Flutter SDK。

解压

bash 复制代码

cd /Applications
unzip ~/Downloads/flutter_macos_arm64_3.27.3-stable.zip

执行

bash 复制代码

/Applications/flutter/bin/flutter

Manage your Flutter app development.

Common commands:

  flutter create <output directory>
    Create a new Flutter project in the specified directory.

  flutter run [options]
    Run your Flutter application on an attached device or in an emulator.

Usage: flutter <command> [arguments]

Global options:
-h, --help                  Print this usage information.
-v, --verbose               Noisy logging, including all shell commands
                            executed.
                            If used with "--help", shows hidden options. If used
                            with "flutter doctor", shows additional diagnostic
                            information. (Use "-vv" to force verbose logging in
                            those cases.)
-d, --device-id             Target device id or name (prefixes allowed).
    --version               Reports the version of this tool.
    --enable-analytics      Enable telemetry reporting each time a flutter or
                            dart command runs.
    --disable-analytics     Disable telemetry reporting each time a flutter or
                            dart command runs, until it is re-enabled.
    --suppress-analytics    Suppress analytics reporting for the current CLI
                            invocation.

Available commands:

Flutter SDK
  bash-completion   Output command line shell completion setup scripts.
  channel           List or switch Flutter channels.
  config            Configure Flutter settings.
  doctor            Show information about the installed tooling.
  downgrade         Downgrade Flutter to the last active version for the current
                    channel.
  precache          Populate the Flutter tool's cache of binary artifacts.
  upgrade           Upgrade your copy of Flutter.

Project
  analyze           Analyze the project's Dart code.
  assemble          Assemble and build Flutter resources.
  build             Build an executable app or install bundle.
  clean             Delete the build/ and .dart_tool/ directories.
  create            Create a new Flutter project.
  drive             Run integration tests for the project on an attached device
                    or emulator.
  gen-l10n          Generate localizations for the current project.
  pub               Commands for managing Flutter packages.
  run               Run your Flutter app on an attached device.
  test              Run Flutter unit tests for the current project.

Tools & Devices
  attach            Attach to a running app.
  custom-devices    List, reset, add and delete custom devices.
  devices           List all connected devices.
  emulators         List, launch and create emulators.
  install           Install a Flutter app on an attached device.
  logs              Show log output for running Flutter apps.
  screenshot        Take a screenshot from a connected device.
  symbolize         Symbolize a stack trace from an AOT-compiled Flutter app.

Run "flutter help <command>" for more information about a command.
Run "flutter help -v" for verbose help output, including less commonly used
options.

设置代理

bash 复制代码

export http_proxy="127.0.0.1:1087"
export https_proxy="127.0.0.1:1087"
export NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,::1

VSCode配置PATH

Windows下按快捷键Shift+Ctrl+P或MacOS下按快捷键Shift+Command+P打开命令面板，搜索install code，执行install 'code' command in PATH。

Windows配置文件：cmder/config/user_profile.sh。

macOS配置文件路径：~/.zprofile。

bash 复制代码

code ~/.zprofile
export PATH="$PATH:/Applications/flutter/bin"

重启终端，PATH就会生效。

配置国内镜像

bash 复制代码

export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE=https://storage.flutter-io.cn

# export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://mirrors.sjtug.edu.cn
# export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE=https://dart-pub.mirrors.sjtug.sjtug.edu.cn

安装Rosetta

Rosetta用来把Mac下的M1/M2芯片翻译成兼容的指令。

bash 复制代码

sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license

安装Xcode

bash 复制代码

sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
sudo xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch

配置gem镜像

bash 复制代码

# 查看镜像
gem sources

# 移除原始镜像
gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/

# 添加阿里云镜像
gem sources -a https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/

安装cocoapods

cocoapods是Swift语言的包管理工具。

bash 复制代码

# 安装
brew install cocoapods

# 链接
brew link --overwrite cocoapods

# 查看版本
pod --version

# 升级
sudo gem install cocoapods -v 1.13.0

安装Android开发环境

下载安装Android Studio：https://developer.android.google.cn/studio?hl=zh-cn

bash 复制代码

flutter doctor --android-licenses

查看flutter健康状况

bash 复制代码

flutter doctor                       
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.27.3, on macOS 15.3 24D60 darwin-arm64, locale
    zh-Hans-CN)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 16.2)
[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
[✓] Android Studio (version 2024.2)
[✓] IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition (version 2022.2)
[✓] VS Code (version 1.96.4)
[✓] VS Code (version 1.96.4)
[✓] Proxy Configuration
[✓] Connected device (4 available)
[✓] Network resources

• No issues found!

创建Flutter项目

bash 复制代码

cd ~/desktop
flutter create hello_world
cd ~/desktop/hello_world
code ./