尚硅谷爬虫note006

一、ajax的get请求

1. ajax的get请求---豆瓣电影第一页

   * coding : utf-8 *

   @Time : 2025/2/13 15:14

   @Author : 20250206-里奥

   @File : demo23_ajax的get请求

   @Project : PythonProject10-14

   import urllib.request

   from demo17_qingqiuduixaingdedingzhi import headers, request, response

   get请求

   获取第一页数据，并保存

   url

   url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list?type=4&interval_id=100%3A90"

   headers

   headers ={
   "User-Agent":
   "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:135.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/135.0"
   }

   1.请求对象的定制

   request = urllib.request.Request(url = url, headers= headers)

   2.获取响应数据

   response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)

   content = response.read().decode('utf-8')

   打印数据

   print(content)

   #3.下载数据到本地

   需要encoding进行编码，否则会报错

   open()方法默认使用的是gbk编码，需要进行解码保存：encoding = "utf-8"

   fp = open('豆瓣.jsom','w',encoding = "utf-8")
   fp.write(content)

   with open('豆瓣1.json','w',encoding = 'utf-8') as fp:

   fp.write(content)

2. ajax的get请求---豆瓣电影前十页

   * coding : utf-8 *

   @Time : 2025/2/13 15:46

   @Author : 20250206-里奥

   @File : demo24_ajax的get请求_豆瓣电影所有页.py

   @Project : PythonProject10-14

   from Tools.scripts.generate_opcode_h import header

   from demo17_qingqiuduixaingdedingzhi import request, response, content

   url = ("https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list?type=4&interval_id=100%3A90&action=&start=4&limit=20")

   import urllib.parse
   import urllib.request

   下载豆瓣电影前十页数据

   1. 请求对象定制

   #2. 获取响应数据

   3. 下载数据

   定义create_requests

   def create_request(page):
   basic_url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list?type=4&interval_id=100%3A90&action=&start=4&limit=20"
   # 参数
   data = {
   'start':(page - 1) * 20,
   'limit':20
   }

    data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data)
   
    url = basic_url + data
   
    # print(url)
   
    headers = {
        "User-Agent":
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:135.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/135.0"
    }
   
    # 请求对象定制
    request = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=headers)
    return request

   定义get_content

   def get_content(request):
   response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
   content = response.read().decode('utf-8')
   return content

   定义down_load

   def down_load(page,content):
   # '+'号两端必须都是字符串，才能拼接. 类型转换：str(page)
   with open('豆瓣_' + str(page) + '.json','w',encoding='utf-8') as fp:
   fp.write(content)

   封装函数

   这是1个程序的入口

   if name == 'main':
   start_page = int(input("请输入起始页码:"))
   end_page = int(input("请输入结束页码:"))

   遍历

    for page in range(start_page, end_page + 1):
        # print(page)
        #每一页都有自己请求对象的定制
        request = create_request(page)
        # 获取响应数据
        content = get_content(request)
        #下载
        down_load(page,content)

二、Ajax的post请求

# _*_ coding : utf-8 _*_
# @Time : 2025/2/14 09:05
# @Author : 20250206-里奥
# @File : demo25_ajax的post请求_获取杭州KFC餐厅信息
# @Project : PythonProject10-14



# post请求
#   第1页
# https://www.kfc.com.cn/kfccda/ashx/GetStoreList.ashx?op=cname
# cname: 杭州
# pid:
# pageIndex: 1
# pageSize: 10



#   第2页
# https://www.kfc.com.cn/kfccda/ashx/GetStoreList.ashx?op=cname
# cname: 杭州
# pid:
# pageIndex: 2
# pageSize: 10

# 1.导入
import urllib.request

from demo20_url的urlencode方法 import basic_url, request
from demo24_ajax的get请求_豆瓣电影所有页 import create_request, down_load


#2. 定义basic_url
# basic_url = "https://www.kfc.com.cn/kfccda/ashx/GetStoreList.ashx?op=cname"

# 3. 参数


# 定义create_request
def create_request(page):
    basic_url = "https://www.kfc.com.cn/kfccda/ashx/GetStoreList.ashx?op=cname"

    #数据
    data = {
        "cname": "杭州",
        "pid": '',
        'pageIndex': page ,
        'pageSize': '10'
    }
# 编码
    #导入
    import urllib.parse
    # 编码
    data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data ).encode('utf-8')


#headers
    headers = {
        "User-Agent":
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:135.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/135.0"
    }

# 请求对象定制
    request = urllib.request.Request(url = basic_url,headers=headers,data=data)
#        1)返回request
    return request

# 定义
#        4）接收request
def get_content(request):
    #    5)使用request
    response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
    content = response.read().decode('utf-8')
    return content


# 定义
def down_load(page,content):
    with open('KFC_' + str(page) + '.json','w',encoding = 'utf-8') as fp:
        fp.write(content)



# 程序入口
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 起始页
    start_page = int(input('请输入起始页码：'))
    end_page = int(input('请输入结束页码：'))

    # for循环遍历
    for page in range(start_page,end_page + 1):
         print(page)
         #请求对象定制
         #    2)接收request
         request  = create_request(page)
         # 获取网页源码
         #     3)传递request
         content = get_content(request)
         # 下载
         down_load(page,content)


    # 查看.json文件快捷键  ：CTRL + alt + L