这应该属于 rpm 4.12-4.13 早期版本的BUG，不止CentOS8会这样

解决方式也很干脆，就是手动更新rpm版本，跳过存在bug的版本，然后yum、rpm就都会正常，就可以自动更新最新的软件包了
但过程很麻烦，首先是下载不存在bug的版本，笔者使用的是4.14.3-26版本，然后使用rpm -U进行更新，随后会提示一些依赖问题，然后下载依赖，再次使用rpm -U进行更新，随后会再提示存在依赖问题，然后再次解决再次更新，循环往复直至更新成功，为方便后续读者解决这个问题，我将需要的依赖以及安装过程整理成脚本，可直接使用
tpm2-tss-2.3.2-3.el8.x86_64 依赖是从其他人文章看到的，我处理依赖关系的时候已经提前安装了它，所以也并不清楚谁会依赖它，总之带着反正不会报错那就带着吧

shell 复制代码

#/bin/bash
dnf install tpm2-tss-2.3.2-3.el8.x86_64
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/rpm-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/rpm-libs-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/rpm-plugin-selinux-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/rpm-plugin-systemd-inhibit-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/rpm-build-libs-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/python3-rpm-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/ima-evm-utils-1.3.2-12.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/python3-dnf-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/dnf-data-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/python3-hawkey-0.35.1-8.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/python3-libdnf-0.35.1-8.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/dnf-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/libdnf-0.35.1-8.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/libsolv-0.7.7-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/librepo-1.10.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/python3-dnf-plugins-core-4.0.8-3.el8.noarch.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/yum-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/getPackage/rpm-ostree-libs-2019.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/python3-librepo-1.10.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm
wget https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/baseos/latest/x86_64/getPackage/dnf-plugins-core-4.0.8-3.el8.noarch.rpm

rpm -U ./rpm-libs-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm ./rpm-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm ./rpm-plugin-selinux-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm ./rpm-plugin-systemd-inhibit-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm  ./rpm-build-libs-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm ./python3-rpm-4.14.3-26.el8.x86_64.rpm ./ima-evm-utils-1.3.2-12.el8.x86_64.rpm ./python3-dnf-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm ./dnf-data-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm ./python3-hawkey-0.35.1-8.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm ./python3-libdnf-0.35.1-8.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm ./dnf-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm ./libdnf-0.35.1-8.0.1.el8.x86_64.rpm  ./libsolv-0.7.7-1.el8.x86_64.rpm  ./librepo-1.10.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm  ./python3-dnf-plugins-core-4.0.8-3.el8.noarch.rpm  ./yum-4.2.7-6.el8.noarch.rpm ./rpm-ostree-libs-2019.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm ./python3-librepo-1.10.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm  ./dnf-plugins-core-4.0.8-3.el8.noarch.rpm

signature hdr data: BAD （signature 头部数据：不当）

这应该属于 rpm 4.12-4.13 早期版本的BUG，不止CentOS8会这样