一.代码来源
CSDN上面一位人员所编写的超市管理系统。相关网站
点击查看代码
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
class Goods { //货物类（基类）
protected:
string name;
int number;
public:
Goods() {}
Goods(string Name, int Num) {
name = Name;
number = Num;
}
virtual void ShowMe() = 0;
string getname() { //取商品名称函数
return name;
}
int getnumber() { //取数量函数
return number;
}
void add(Goods &a) { //添加货物
number += a.getnumber();
}
void min(Goods &a) { //售出货物
number -= a.getnumber();
}
};
class DailyGoods :public Goods { //日常用品类
public:
DailyGoods() {};
DailyGoods(string Name, int Num) :Goods(Name, Num) {
name = Name;
number = Num;
}
virtual void ShowMe();
friend istream& operator >>(istream &cin, DailyGoods &a);
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream &cout, DailyGoods &a);
friend ostream& operator <<(ofstream &fout, DailyGoods &a);
};
class Food :public Goods { //食物类
protected:
string deadline;
public:
Food() {};
Food(string Name, int Num, string Deadline) :Goods(Name, Num) {
name = Name;
number = Num;
deadline = Deadline;
}
virtual void ShowMe();
string getdeadline() {
return deadline;
}
friend istream& operator >>(istream &cin, Food &a);
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream &cout, Food &a);
friend ostream& operator <<(ofstream &fout, Food &a);
};
class ElectricalAppliance :public Goods { //电器类
protected:
string color;
public:
ElectricalAppliance() {};
ElectricalAppliance(string Name, int Num, string Color) :Goods(Name, Num) {
name = Name;
number = Num;
color = Color;
}
virtual void ShowMe();
string getcolor() {
return color;
}
friend istream& operator >>(istream &cin, ElectricalAppliance &a);
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream &cout, ElectricalAppliance &a);
friend ostream& operator <<(ofstream &fout, ElectricalAppliance &a);
};
vector<DailyGoods> dailygoods;
vector<Food> food;
vector<ElectricalAppliance> electricalappliance;
istream& operator >>(istream &cin, DailyGoods &a) { //输入输出符重载
string Name; //日用品重载
int Num;
cin >> Name >> Num;
a.name = Name;
a.number = Num;
return cin;
}
ostream& operator <<(ostream &cout, DailyGoods &a) {
cout.fill(' ');
cout.setf(ios::left);
cout.width(40);
cout << a.name;
cout.width(40);
cout << a.number << endl;
return cout;
}
ostream& operator <<(ofstream &fout, DailyGoods &a) {
fout << a.name << " " << a.number << endl;
return fout;
}
istream& operator >>(istream &cin, Food &a) {
string Name, Deadline; //食品类重载
int Num;
cin >> Name >> Deadline >> Num;
a.name = Name;
a.number = Num;
a.deadline = Deadline;
return cin;
}
ostream& operator <<(ostream &cout, Food &a) {
cout.fill(' ');
cout.setf(ios::left);
cout.width(40);
cout << a.name;
cout.width(40);
cout << a.deadline;
cout.width(40);
cout << a.number;
return cout;
}
ostream& operator <<(ofstream &fout, Food &a) {
fout << a.name << " " << a.number << " " << a.deadline << endl;
return fout;
}
istream& operator >>(istream &cin, ElectricalAppliance &a) {
string Name, Color; //电器类重载
int Num;
cin >> Name >> Color >> Num;
a.name = Name;
a.number = Num;
a.color = Color;
return cin;
}
ostream& operator <<(ostream &cout, ElectricalAppliance &a) {
cout.fill(' ');
cout.setf(ios::left);
cout.width(40);
cout << a.name;
cout.width(40);
cout << a.color;
cout.width(40);
cout << a.number;
return cout;
}
ostream& operator <<(ofstream &fout, ElectricalAppliance &a) {
fout << a.name << " " << a.number << " " << a.color << endl;
return fout;
}
//保存到文件
void saveFood() { //保存食物
ofstream fout;
fout.open("Food.txt", ios::out);
if (!fout) {
cout << "食物类保存失败!" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else {
for (vector<Food>::iterator it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); it++) {
fout << *it;
}
cout << "食物类已保存" << endl;
system("pause");
fout.close();
}
}
void saveDailygoods() { //保存日用品
ofstream fout;
fout.open("Dailygoods.txt", ios::out);
if (!fout) {
cout << "日用品保存失败!" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else {
for (vector<DailyGoods>::iterator it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); it++) {
fout << *it;
}
cout << "日用品已保存" << endl;
system("pause");
fout.close();
}
}
void saveElectrical() { //保存电器类
ofstream fout;
fout.open("Electricalappliance.txt", ios::out);
if (!fout) {
cout << "电器类保存失败!" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else {
for (vector<ElectricalAppliance>::iterator it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); it++) {
fout << *it;
}
cout << "电器类已保存" << endl;
system("pause");
fout.close();
}
}
//读取文件
void readDailygoods() { //读取并展示日用品函数
ifstream fin;
string NAME;
int NUM;
fin.open("Dailygoods.txt", ios::in);
if (!fin) {
cout << "日用品类打开失败" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else if (fin.peek() == EOF) {
cout << "内容如下：" << endl;
cout << "空" << endl;
cout << endl << endl;
system("pause");
fin.close();
return;
}
else {
while (fin >> NAME >> NUM)
{
DailyGoods s(NAME, NUM);
dailygoods.push_back(s);
}
cout << "内容如下：" << endl;
for (vector<DailyGoods>::iterator it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); it++) {
cout << *it;
}
cout << endl << endl;
fin.close();
}
}
void readFood() { //读取并展示食品函数
ifstream fin;
string NAME, DEADLINE;
int NUM;
fin.open("Food.txt", ios::in);
if (!fin) {
cout << "食品类打开失败" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else if (fin.peek() == EOF) {
cout << "内容如下：" << endl;
cout << "空" << endl;
cout << endl << endl;
system("pause");
fin.close();
return;
}
else {
while (fin >> NAME >> NUM >> DEADLINE)
{
Food s(NAME, NUM, DEADLINE);
food.push_back(s);
}
cout << "内容如下：" << endl;
for (vector<Food>::iterator it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); it++) {
cout << *it;
}
cout << endl << endl;
fin.close();
}
}
void readElectrical() { //读取并展示电器类函数
ifstream fin;
string NAME, COLOR;
int NUM;
fin.open("Electricalappliance.txt", ios::in);
if (!fin) {
cout << "电器类打开失败" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else if (fin.peek() == EOF) {
cout << "内容如下：" << endl;
cout << "空" << endl;
cout << endl << endl;
system("pause");
fin.close();
return;
}
else {
while (fin >> NAME >> NUM >> COLOR)
{
ElectricalAppliance s(NAME, NUM, COLOR);
electricalappliance.push_back(s);
}
fin.close();
cout << "内容如下：" << endl;
for (vector<ElectricalAppliance>::iterator it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); it++) {
cout << *it;
}
cout << endl << endl;
}
}
//展示
void DailyGoods::ShowMe() { //展示日用品
ifstream fin;//input 读 //output 写 //cin istream//file
string NAME;
int NUM;
fin.open("Dailygoods.txt", ios::in);//方式 只读
if (!fin) {
cout << "日用品类列表还未建立" << endl;
cout << "日用品类建立中..." << endl;
ofstream fint;
fint.open("Dailygoods.txt", ios::out);
fint.close();
cout << "日用品类已建立文件" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else {
while (fin >> NAME >> NUM)
{
DailyGoods s(NAME, NUM);
dailygoods.push_back(s);
}
cout << "商品名称" << "\t\t\t\t" << "现有数量" << endl << endl;
for (vector<DailyGoods>::iterator it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); it++) {
cout << *it;
}
system("pause");
dailygoods.clear();
}
fin.close();
}
void Food::ShowMe() { //展示食品类
ifstream fin;
string NAME, DEADLINE;
int NUM;
fin.open("Food.txt", ios::in);
if (!fin) {
cout << "食品类列表还未建立" << endl;
cout << "食品类建立中..." << endl;
ofstream fint;
fint.open("Food.txt", ios::out);
fint.close();
cout << "食品类已建立文件" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else if (fin.peek() == EOF) {
cout << "空" << endl;
system("pause");
fin.close();
return;
}
else {
while (fin >> NAME >> NUM >> DEADLINE)
{
Food s(NAME, NUM, DEADLINE);
food.push_back(s);
}
cout << "商品名称" << "\t\t\t\t" << "保质期" << "\t\t\t\t\t" << "现有数量" << endl << endl;
for (vector<Food>::iterator it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); it++) {
cout << *it;
}
system("pause");
food.clear();
}
fin.close();
}
void ElectricalAppliance::ShowMe() { //展示电器类
ifstream fin;
string NAME, COLOR;
int NUM;
fin.open("Electricalappliance.txt", ios::in);
if (!fin) {
cout << "电器类列表还未建立" << endl;
cout << "电器类建立中..." << endl;
ofstream fint;
fint.open("Electricalappliance.txt", ios::out);
fint.close();
cout << "电器类已建立文件" << endl;
system("pause");
}
else if (fin.peek() == EOF) {
cout << "空" << endl;
system("pause");
fin.close();
return;
}
else {
while (fin >> NAME >> NUM >> COLOR)
{
ElectricalAppliance s(NAME, NUM, COLOR);
electricalappliance.push_back(s);
}
cout << "电器名称" << "\t\t\t\t" << "颜色" << "\t\t\t\t\t" << "现有数量" << endl << endl;
for (vector<ElectricalAppliance>::iterator it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); it++) {
cout << *it;
}
system("pause");
electricalappliance.clear();
}
fin.close();
}
//添加商品类别
void addDaily() { //添加日常用品类
readDailygoods();
int open = 0;
cout << "请输入货物名称、要添加的数量:" << endl;
DailyGoods newdailygoods;
cin >> newdailygoods;
for (vector<DailyGoods>::iterator it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == newdailygoods.getname()) {
it->add(newdailygoods);
cout << "仓库已有此商品，已更新数量" << endl;
system("pause");
open = 1;
break;
}
}
if (open == 0) {
dailygoods.push_back(newdailygoods);
}
saveDailygoods();
dailygoods.clear();
}
void addFood() { //添加食品类
readFood();
int open = 0;
cout << "请输入货物名称、食品保质期、要添加的数量" << endl;
Food newfood;
cin >> newfood;
for (vector<Food>::iterator it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == newfood.getname() && it->getdeadline() == newfood.getdeadline()) {
it->add(newfood);
cout << "仓库已有此商品，已更新数量" << endl;
system("pause");
open = 1;
break;
}
}
if (open == 0) {
food.push_back(newfood);
}
saveFood();
food.clear();
}
void addElectrical() { //添加电器
readElectrical();
int open = 0;
cout << "请输入商品名称、电器的颜色、要添加的数量:" << endl;
ElectricalAppliance newelectricalappliance;
cin >> newelectricalappliance;
for (vector<ElectricalAppliance>::iterator it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == newelectricalappliance.getname() && it->getcolor() == newelectricalappliance.getcolor()) {
it->add(newelectricalappliance);
cout << "仓库已有此商品，已更新数量" << endl;
system("pause");
open = 1;
break;
}
}
if (open == 0) {
electricalappliance.push_back(newelectricalappliance);
}
saveElectrical();
electricalappliance.clear();
}
//上货
void loadDaily() { //日用品类上货
DailyGoods appointeddailygoods;
int result = 0;
system("cls");
cout << "请输入货物名称、要添加的数量:" << endl;
readDailygoods();
cin >> appointeddailygoods;
for (vector<DailyGoods>::iterator it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointeddailygoods.getname()) {
it->add(appointeddailygoods);
result = 1;
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未查询到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
saveDailygoods();
dailygoods.clear();
}
void loadFood() { //食品类上货
string NAME, DEADLINE;
int result = 0, NUMBER;
system("pause");
cout << "请输入食品名称、保质期、要添加的数量" << endl;
readFood();
cin >> NAME >> DEADLINE >> NUMBER;
Food appointedfood(NAME, NUMBER, DEADLINE);
for (vector<Food>::iterator it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointedfood.getname() && it->getdeadline() == appointedfood.getdeadline()) {
it->add(appointedfood);
result = 1;
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未查询到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
saveFood();
food.clear();
}
void loadElectrical() { //电器类上货
string NAME, COLOR;
int NUMBER;
int result = 0;
system("pause");
cout << "请输入电器名称、电器颜色、要添加的数量" << endl;
readElectrical();
cin >> NAME >> COLOR >> NUMBER;
ElectricalAppliance appointedelectrical(NAME, NUMBER, COLOR);
for (vector<ElectricalAppliance>::iterator it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointedelectrical.getname() && it->getcolor() == appointedelectrical.getcolor()) {
it->add(appointedelectrical);
result = 1;
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未查询到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
saveElectrical();
electricalappliance.clear();
}
//出售
void saleDaily() { //售出日用品
DailyGoods appointeddailygoods;
int result = 0;
cout << "请输入货物名称、要卖出的数量:" << endl;
readDailygoods();
cin >> appointeddailygoods;
for (vector<DailyGoods> ::iterator it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointeddailygoods.getname()) {
if (appointeddailygoods.getnumber() > it->getnumber()) {
cout << "没有充足数量的商品！" << endl;
result = 1;
system("pause");
}
else {
it->min(appointeddailygoods);
result = 1;
}
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未查询到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
saveDailygoods();
dailygoods.clear();
}
void saleFood() { //售出食品
Food appointedfood;
int result = 0;
cout << "请输入食品名称、要卖出的数量、食物保质期:" << endl;
readFood();
cin >> appointedfood;
for (vector <Food>::iterator it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointedfood.getname()) {
if (appointedfood.getnumber() > it->getnumber()) {
cout << "没有充足数量的商品" << endl;
result = 1;
system("pause");
}
else {
it->min(appointedfood);
result = 1;
}
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未查询到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
saveFood();
food.clear();
}
void saleElectrical() { //售出食品
ElectricalAppliance appointedelectrical;
int result = 0;
cout << "请输入电器名称、要卖出的数量、电器颜色:" << endl;
readElectrical();
cin >> appointedelectrical;
for (vector<ElectricalAppliance>::iterator it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointedelectrical.getname()) {
if (appointedelectrical.getnumber() > it->getnumber()) {
cout << "没有充足数量的商品" << endl;
result = 1;
system("pause");
}
else {
it->min(appointedelectrical);
result = 1;
}
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未查询到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
saveElectrical();
electricalappliance.clear();
}
//查询
void searchDaily() { //搜索日用品
string appointeddailygoods;
int result = 0;
system("cls");
readDailygoods();
cout << "请输入货物名称" << endl;
cin >> appointeddailygoods;
for (vector<DailyGoods>::iterator it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointeddailygoods) {
cout << it->getname() << "\t" << it->getnumber() << " 件\t" << endl;
result = 1;
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未搜索到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
}
saveDailygoods();
dailygoods.clear();
}
void searchFood() { //搜索食品
string appointedfood;
int result = 0;
system("cls");
readFood();
cout << "请输入食物名称" << endl;
cin >> appointedfood;
for (vector<Food>::iterator it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointedfood) {
cout << it->getname() << "\t" << it->getnumber() << " 件\t" << it->getdeadline() << "前食用" << endl;
result = 1;
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未搜索到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
}
saveFood();
food.clear();
}
void searchElectrical() { //搜索电器
string appointedelectrical;
int result = 0;
system("cls");
readElectrical();
cout << "请输入电器名称" << endl;
cin >> appointedelectrical;
for (vector<ElectricalAppliance>::iterator it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); it++) {
if (it->getname() == appointedelectrical) {
cout << it->getname() << "\t" << it->getnumber() << " 件\t" << it->getcolor() << " 色" << endl;
result = 1;
}
}
if (result == 0) {
cout << "未搜索到商品" << endl;
system("pause");
}
saveElectrical();
electricalappliance.clear();
}
//主菜单界面
void Menu() {
cout.unsetf(ios::left);
cout << endl;
cout << setw(65) << "超市货物管理系统" << endl;
cout << endl << endl << endl;
cout << setw(50) << "请选择你要进行的操作:" << endl;
cout << setw(64) << "1.查看商品情况" << endl;
cout << setw(64) << "2.更新商品信息" << endl;
cout << setw(64) << "3.查找商品信息" << endl;
cout << setw(60) << "0.退出系统" << endl << endl;
}
//更新商品界面
void Menu2() {
cout.unsetf(ios::left);
cout << endl;
cout << setw(63) << "更新商品信息" << endl;
cout << endl << endl << endl;
cout << setw(50) << "请选择你要进行的操作:" << endl;
cout << setw(63) << "1.添加商品类" << endl;
cout << setw(65) << "2.添加商品数量" << endl;
cout << setw(61) << "3.出售商品" << endl;
cout << setw(57) << "0.返回" << endl;
}
//展示商品界面
void Menu3() {
cout.unsetf(ios::left);
cout << endl;
cout << setw(67) << "请输入你要查看的商品类型:" << endl;
cout << endl << endl;
cout << setw(60) << "1.日用品类" << endl;
cout << setw(58) << "2.食品类" << endl;
cout << setw(58) << "3.电器类" << endl;
cout << setw(56) << "0.返回" << endl;
}
//查找商品界面
void Menu4() {
cout.unsetf(ios::left);
cout << endl;
cout << setw(67) << "请输入你要查找商品的所属类型:" << endl;
cout << endl << endl;
cout << setw(60) << "1.日用品类" << endl;
cout << setw(58) << "2.食品类" << endl;
cout << setw(58) << "3.电器类" << endl;
cout << setw(56) << "0.返回" << endl;
}
//功能类
class Supermarket { //调用功能函数
public:
//添加新商品
void Add() { //添加商品类函数
int choice4;
while (1) {
cout << "请输入要添加商品的类别:\n\n1 ->日常用品\n2 ->食品\n3 ->电器类\n0->返回" << endl;
cin >> choice4;
switch (choice4)
{
case 1:
addDaily();
cout << "添加完成" << endl;
return;
case 2:
addFood();
cout << "添加完成" << endl;
return;
case 3:
addElectrical();
cout << "添加完成" << endl;
return;
case 0:
return;
default:
cout << "输入有误，请选择1、2、3、0输入" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}
//商品上货
void Load() { //商品上货
int choice5;
while (1) {
cout << "请输入要补充商品的类别: 1 ->日常用品\n2 ->食品\n3 ->电器类\n0->返回" << endl;
cin >> choice5;
switch (choice5)
{
case 1:
loadDaily();
cout << "上货完成" << endl;
system("pause");
return;
case 2:
loadFood();
cout << "上货完成" << endl;
system("pause");
return;
case 3:
loadElectrical();
cout << "上货完成" << endl;
system("pause");
return;
case 0:
return;
default:
cout << "请选择已有选项！！" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
};
//出售商品
void Sale() { //售卖商品函数
int choice6;
while (1) {
cout << "请输入要售卖商品的类别: \n\n1->日常用品\n2 ->食品\n3 ->电器类\n0->返回" << endl;
cin >> choice6;
switch (choice6)
{
case 1:
saleDaily();
cout << "出售完成" << endl;
return;
case 2:
saleFood();
cout << "出售完成" << endl;
return;
case 3:
saleElectrical();
cout << "出售完成" << endl;
return;
case 0:
return;
default:
cout << "请选择已有选项！！" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
break;
}
}
}
//查询商品
void Search() { //查询商品函数
while (1) {
system("cls");
Menu4();
string choice6;
cin >> choice6;
if (choice6 == "1") { //搜索日用品
searchDaily();
}
else if (choice6 == "2") { //搜索食物
searchFood();
}
else if (choice6 == "3") { //搜索电器
searchElectrical();
}
else if (choice6 == "0") { //返回主界面
return;
}
else { //重新选择展示
cout << "请输入已有选项！！" << endl;
system("pause");
}
}
}
};
int main() { /*主函数*/
int first = 0;
string choice;
DailyGoods good1;
Food good2;
ElectricalAppliance good3;
Menu(); //主界面
cin >> choice;
do
{
if (first != 0) {
system("cls");
Menu();
cin >> choice;
}
Supermarket supermarket;
while (choice == "1") { //展示商品情况
system("cls");
Menu3();
string choice3;
cin >> choice3;
if (choice3 == "1") { //展示日用品
good1.ShowMe();
}
else if (choice3 == "2") { //展示食物
good2.ShowMe();
}
else if (choice3 == "3") { //展示电器
good3.ShowMe();
}
else if (choice3 == "0") { //返回主界面
break;
}
else { //重新选择展示
cout << "请输入已有选项！！" << endl;
}
}
while (choice == "2") { //更新商品信息
system("cls");
Menu2();
string choice2;
cin >> choice2;
if (choice2 == "1") { //添加商品类
system("cls");
supermarket.Add();
}
else if (choice2 == "2") { //商品上货
system("cls");
supermarket.Load();
}
else if (choice2 == "3") { //售出商品
system("cls");
supermarket.Sale();
}
else if (choice2 == "0") { //返回主界面
break;
}
else { //重新选择展示
cout << "请输入已有选项！！" << endl;
system("pause");
}
}
while (choice == "3") { //查找商品
supermarket.Search();
break;
}
first++;
} while (choice != "0");
cout << "退出系统" << endl;
return 0;
}
二.概述
此次逆向设计目标在于理解其设计结构、功能实现，以及指出此次代码中存在不足的地方并提出改正、后续代码运行情况、相关逆向设计实验总结。针对于此次代码，该代码中实现了一个简单的超时货物管理系统，包含商品管理、库存管理、销售管理等诸多功能。
三.设备运行环境
设备名称 小李吃冰淇淋
处理器 AMD Ryzen 9 7945HX with Radeon Graphics 2.50 GHz
机带 RAM 16.0 GB (15.7 GB 可用)
设备 ID 44D49C89-7AF4-4D7B-8227-A9EE94DC32B9
产品 ID 00342-31476-28561-AAOEM
系统类型 64 位操作系统, 基于 x64 的处理器
笔和触控 笔支持
四.项目代码运行和介绍
1.系统主界面显示（查看商品情况、更新商品信息、查找商品信息、退出系统）
2.查找商品功能显示（用户可以查看不同类型的商品库存情况：日用品类、食品类、电器类）
3.更新商品信息（用户通过选择2按钮进行商品信息的更新，包括添加商品类、添加商品数量、出售商品、返回等功能）
4.查找商品信息（用户根据商品名称查找特定商品的信息：日用品类、食品类、电器类）
5.代码介绍
（1）类：Goods:基类，表示货物，包含名称和数量属性等。
DailyGoods:继承自Goods，表示日常用品。
Food:继承自Goods，表示食品，包含保质期功能。
ElectricalAppliance：继承自Goods，表示电器，包含颜色。
Supermarket：管理类，负责调用商品管理、库存管理、销售管理等功能。
（2）功能模块：商品管理：包括商品的添加、展示、更新和保存。
库存管理：包括商品的入库、出库和库存查询。
销售管理：包括商品的销售和销售记录。
（3）数据存储：日常用品信息存储在Dailygoods.txt文件。
食品信息存储在Food.txt文件。
电器信息存储在Electricalappliance.txt文件。
五.代码缺陷和不足
- 代码重复：
(1)在DailyGoods、Food、ElectricalAppliance类的构造函数中，name和number的赋值存在重复代码。
（2）在saveFood、saveDailygoods、saveElectrical函数中，文件写入的逻辑存在重复代码。 - 缺乏异常处理：
(1)文件打开失败时，仅输出错误信息，未进行异常处理或程序终止。
(2) 用户输入时，未对输入的有效性进行检查（如负数、非数字输入等）。 - 内存管理问题：
在readDailygoods、readFood、readElectrical函数中，动态分配的内存未在程序结束时释放，可能导致内存泄漏。 - 功能不完善：
(1)订单管理功能缺失，无法记录销售历史和生成销售报表。
(2)商品信息的展示和查询功能较为简单，缺乏排序和筛选功能。 - 用户界面不友好：
用户界面为简单的命令行界面，缺乏交互性。 - 文件格式不明确：
Dailygoods.txt、Food.txt、Electricalappliance.txt文件的格式未在代码中明确说明，可能导致文件读取错误。
六.代码修改
1.代码重复问题修改
点击查看代码
Goods::Goods(string Name, int Num) : name(Name), number(Num) {}
void saveToFile(const string& filename, const vector<Goods*>& goods) {
ofstream fout(filename, ios::out);
if (!fout) {
cerr << filename << " 文件保存失败!" << endl;
return;
}
for (const auto& item : goods) {
fout << *item;
}
fout.close();
cout << filename << " 已保存" << endl;
}
2.增加文件打开失败时的异常处理以及提高用户输入的有效性检查，避免非法输入。 点击查看代码
void readFromFile(const string& filename, vector<Goods*>& goods) {
ifstream fin(filename, ios::in);
if (!fin) {
cerr << filename << " 文件打开失败，程序终止！" << endl;
exit(1);
}
// 其他代码...
}
3.内存管理改进 点击查看代码
int main() {
// 其他代码...
for (auto& item : dailygoods) {
delete item;
}
for (auto& item : food) {
delete item;
}
for (auto& item : electricalappliance) {
delete item;
}
return 0;
}
4.增加订单管理功能，记录销售历史和生成销售报表功能，以及商品信息的排序和筛选功能 点击查看代码
struct Order {
string goodsName;
int quantity;
double price;
string date;
};
vector<Order> orders;
void saveOrder(const Order& order) {
ofstream fout("orders.txt", ios::app);
if (!fout) {
cerr << "订单文件保存失败!" << endl;
return;
}
fout << order.goodsName << " " << order.quantity << " " << order.price << " " << order.date << endl;
fout.close();
}
5.增加商品删除功能。 点击查看代码
void removeDaily() { // 删除日用品
string name;
int num;
cout << "请输入要删除的日用品名称和数量: ";
cin >> name >> num;
for (auto it = dailygoods.begin(); it != dailygoods.end(); ++it) {
if (it->getname() == name) {
it->remove(num);
if (it->getnumber() == 0) {
dailygoods.erase(it); // 如果数量为0，删除该商品
}
cout << "日用品删除成功！" << endl;
return;
}
}
cout << "未找到该日用品！" << endl;
}
void removeFood() { // 删除食品
string name, deadline;
int num;
cout << "请输入要删除的食品名称、保质期和数量: ";
cin >> name >> deadline >> num;
for (auto it = food.begin(); it != food.end(); ++it) {
if (it->getname() == name && it->getdeadline() == deadline) {
it->remove(num);
if (it->getnumber() == 0) {
food.erase(it); // 如果数量为0，删除该商品
}
cout << "食品删除成功！" << endl;
return;
}
}
cout << "未找到该食品！" << endl;
}
void removeElectrical() { // 删除电器
string name, color;
int num;
cout << "请输入要删除的电器名称、颜色和数量: ";
cin >> name >> color >> num;
for (auto it = electricalappliance.begin(); it != electricalappliance.end(); ++it) {
if (it->getname() == name && it->getcolor() == color) {
it->remove(num);
if (it->getnumber() == 0) {
electricalappliance.erase(it); // 如果数量为0，删除该商品
}
cout << "电器删除成功！" << endl;
return;
}
}
cout << "未找到该电器！" << endl;
}
点击查看代码
class Supermarket {
public:
// 其他成员函数...
void Remove() { // 删除商品
int choice;
while (1) {
cout << "请输入要删除商品的类别: 1 -> 日用品, 2 -> 食品, 3 -> 电器, 0 -> 返回" << endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice) {
case 1:
removeDaily();
return;
case 2:
removeFood();
return;
case 3:
removeElectrical();
return;
case 0:
return;
default:
cout << "输入有误，请重新输入！" << endl;
break;
}
}
}
};
七.代码测试结果
删除以及其他功能加入
八.逆向软件设计总结
1.难点分析
（1）代码重复：在不破坏现有功能的前提下，消除重复代码，提升代码的可维护性。
（2）异常处理不足：保证程序健壮性的同时，避免因异常输入或文件操作失败导致程序崩溃。
（3）内存管理问题：复杂的对象生命周期中，确保内存的正确释放，避免内存泄漏。
（4）订单管理功能不完善：如何在保持系统简洁性的同时，扩展订单管理的功能，使其更加灵活和实用。
（5）用户界面不友好：如何在保持系统功能完整性的同时，提升用户界面的友好性和易用性。
（6）文件格式不明确：如何在代码中明确文件格式，确保文件读写的正确性和一致性。
2.优化代码后优点
（1）代码更加简洁，易于维护和扩展。
（2）程序更加健壮，能够更好地处理异常情况。
（3）程序的内存管理更加规范，避免了潜在的内存泄漏问题。
（4）订单管理功能更加灵活和实用，能够更好地满足用户需求。
（5）用户界面更加友好和美观，提升了用户的操作体验。
（6）文件读写的正确性和一致性得到了保障，减少了文件读取错误的可能性。
3.心得总结
通过对代码的逆向分析和优化，我发现系统在模块化设计和功能实现上具有一定的优点，但也存在代码重复、异常处理不足、内存管理问题等不足之处。通过优化，提升了代码的可维护性、健壮性和用户体验，但仍有一些不足之处需要进一步改进。之后进一步扩展系统的功能，增加销售报表生成、库存预警等高级功能。优化用户界面，增加更多的交互元素和美观的设计。增加对多种文件格式的支持，提升系统的灵活性。通过本次逆向分析和优化，不仅提升了系统的性能和用户体验，还为未来的功能扩展和改进奠定了基础。