前一段时间看到MySQL官方视频的Oracle工程师在mysql shell里面重启mysql实例，感觉这个操作很方便，所以来试试，下面为该工程师的操作截图
1.MySQL Shell 通过root用户连上mysql，shutdown mysql实例
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# mysqlshMySQL Shell 8.4.5Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.Type '\help' or '\?' for help; '\quit' to exit.MySQL SQL > \connect --mysqlCreating a Classic session to 'root@localhost'Fetching global names for auto-completion... Press ^C to stop.Your MySQL connection id is 377Server version: 8.4.4-commercial MySQL Enterprise Server - CommercialNo default schema selected; type \use <schema> to set one.MySQL localhost SQL > select user();+----------------+| user()|+----------------+| root@localhost |+----------------+1 row in set (0.0008 sec)MySQL localhost SQL > shutdown;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.0005 sec)MySQL localhost SQL > select user();ERROR: 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to MySQL server during queryThe global session got disconnected..Attempting to reconnect to 'mysql://root@/tmp%2Fmysql.sock'..............The global session could not be reconnected automatically.Please use '\reconnect' instead to manually reconnect.MySQL SQL >MySQL SQL > \reconnectAttempting to reconnect to 'mysql://root@/tmp%2Fmysql.sock'..............The global session could not be reconnected automatically.Please use '\reconnect' instead to manually reconnect.MySQL SQL >2.我们从系统上看一下mysql服务，看来默认在mysqlsh里shutdown mysql实例可以使用
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl status mysqld83308.service● mysqld83308.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: inactive (dead) since Thu 2025-04-24 12:00:39 CST; 57s agoProcess: 16169 ExecStart=/u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 16169 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)4月24 11:57:13 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.4月24 12:00:39 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: mysqld83308.service: Succeeded.[root@mysql8_3 bin]#3.我们启动一下mysql服务
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl start mysqld83308.service[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl status mysqld83308.service● mysqld83308.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2025-04-24 12:02:22 CST; 2s agoMain PID: 16417 (mysqld)Tasks: 17 (limit: 22962)Memory: 579.5MCGroup: /system.slice/mysqld83308.service└─16417 /u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf4月24 12:02:22 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.[root@mysql8_3 bin]#4.我们在mysqlsh里执行重启命令，报错了
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# mysqlshMySQL Shell 8.4.5Copyright (c) 2016, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.Type '\help' or '\?' for help; '\quit' to exit.MySQL SQL > \connect --mysqlCreating a Classic session to 'root@localhost'Fetching global names for auto-completion... Press ^C to stop.Your MySQL connection id is 44Server version: 8.4.4-commercial MySQL Enterprise Server - CommercialNo default schema selected; type \use <schema> to set one.MySQL localhost SQL > select user();+----------------+| user()|+----------------+| root@localhost |+----------------+1 row in set (0.0004 sec)MySQL localhost SQL > restart;ERROR: 3707 (HY000): Restart server failed (mysqld is not managed by supervisor process).MySQL localhost SQL >5.看看官方文档的实现脚本
#!/bin/bashexport MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=$$export MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT=16while true ; dobin/mysqld mysqld options hereif [ $? -ne $MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT ]; thenbreakfiDone
6.我们根据官方文档创建mysql 启动脚本并启动数据库，当然启动前先要停止mysql实例
[root@mysql8_3 mysql3308]# cat start.sh#!/bin/bashexport MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=$$export MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT=16while true ; do/u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnfif [ $? -ne $MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT ]; thenbreakfi
[root@mysql8_3 mysql3308]# chmod +x start.sh[root@mysql8_3 mysql3308]# ./start.sh7.测试，通过使用官方提供的脚本格式编写的start.sh脚本启动数据库，能够实现mysqlsh重启mysql实例
8.根据这个脚本的逻辑修改systemd启动脚本
[root@mysql8_3 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service# This service is actually a systemd target,# but we are using a service since targets cannot be reloaded.[Unit]Description=MySQL ServerDocumentation=mysqld.serviceAfter=network.targetAfter=syslog.target[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target[Service]RestartForceExitStatus=16Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1User=mysqlGroup=mysqlExecStart=/u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnfLimitNOFILE = 50009.重启服务
[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl daemon-reload[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl start mysqld83308.service[root@mysql8_3 bin]# systemctl status mysqld83308.service● mysqld83308.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld83308.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2025-04-24 12:19:43 CST; 2s agoMain PID: 17310 (mysqld)Tasks: 30 (limit: 22962)Memory: 672.4MCGroup: /system.slice/mysqld83308.service└─17310 /u01/mysql3308/base/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql3308/my.cnf4月24 12:19:43 mysql8_3.52 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.10.测试使用systemd启动脚本的mysqlsh重启效果
这两种方法均能实现，原理来自官方脚本
参考:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/restart.html
https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/latest/systemd.exec.html#Environment