GateWay使用 - 技术栈

首先创建一个网关服务，添加对应的依赖

XML 复制代码

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

然后修改网关的application.yml

XML 复制代码

spring:
    cloud:
       gateway:
          routes:
             -id: item                #路由id，必须唯一
              uri: lb:://item-service       #lb表示负载均衡，后面的是转发的目标服务
              predicates:              #路由断言，判断请求是否符合以下规则，符合就转发
                  -Path: /items/**,/search/**
              order: 0   #优先级，数字越小优先级越高
              filters:  #拦截器

路由断言有很多种类型，不多赘述，这里就写一个最常用的path路径匹配，其他查阅资料即可

主要是拦截器部分

①全局过滤器

不需要在yml文件里配置，定义之后直接生效，对全局起作用

java 复制代码

@Component
public class AuthGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        String token = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst("Authorization");

        if (token == null || !"admin-token".equals(token)) {
            exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
        }

        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return -1; // 越小越先执行
    }
}

②自定义局部过滤器（需要自定义过滤器工厂）

java 复制代码

@Component
public class LogGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<LogGatewayFilterConfig> {

    public LogGatewayFilterFactory() {
        super(LogGatewayFilterConfig.class);
    }

    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(LogGatewayFilterConfig config) {
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            System.out.println("日志过滤器触发: " + config.getMessage());
            if (config.isShowParams()) {
                System.out.println("请求参数：" + exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams());
            }
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        };
    }
}

application.yml使用

XML 复制代码

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: test_route
          uri: http://localhost:8080
          predicates:
            - Path=/test/**
          filters:
            - name: LogGatewayFilter
              args:
                message: "正在访问 test 接口"
                showParams: true