文章目录
-
- 2.3 二进制包安装
-
- 2.3.1 MySQL 8.0
-
- 2.3.1.1 用户和组
- 2.3.1.2 准备程序文件
- 2.3.1.3 准备环境变量
- 2.3.2.4 准备配置文件
- 2.3.2.5 生成数据库文件，并提取root密码
- 2.3.2.6 准备服务脚本和启动
- 2.3.2.7 修改口令
- 2.3.2.8 测试登录
- 2.3.2.9 一键安装ＭySQL 8.0二进制包的脚本
- 2.3.2 MySQL 8.4
-
- 2.3.2.1 用户和组
- 2.3.2.2 准备程序文件
- 2.3.2.3 准备环境变量
- 2.3.2.4 准备配置文件
- 2.3.2.5 生成数据库文件，并提取root密码
- 2.3.2.6 准备服务脚本和启动
- 2.3.2.7 修改口令
- 2.3.2.8 测试登录
- 2.3.2.9 一键安装ＭySQL 8.4二进制包的脚本
2.3 二进制包安装
2.3.1 MySQL 8.0
2.3.1.1 用户和组
bash
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、Uos Server、Ubuntu、Debian
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql
# openSUSE
groupadd -r mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g mysql mysql2.3.1.2 准备程序文件
MySQL二进制包下载，去"https://www.mysql.com/"网站下载，选择"DOWNLOADS"，如图23所示。
图23 下载MySQL二进制包
选择"MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads"，如图24所示。
图24 下载MySQL二进制包
然后选择"MySQL Community Server"，如图25所示。
图25 下载MySQL二进制包
然后版本选择"8.0.42"，操作系统选择"Linux-Generic"，下面的有5个版本，分别是"glibc 2.28 （x86, 32-bit、x86, 64-bit和ARM, 64-bit）、glibc 2.17 （x86, 32-bit和x86, 64-bit）"，这个根据系统的glibc版本和主机的硬件架构类型下载，图26所示。
图26 下载MySQL二进制包
bash
[root@rocky10 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:38 ago on Tue 10 Jun 2025 12:21:32 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.39 # 可以看到Rocky 10的glibc版本是2.39
Release : 37.el10
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.2 M
Source : glibc-2.39-37.el10.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPL-2.1-or-later AND SunPro AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND BSD-3-Clause AND
: GPL-2.0-or-later AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GNU-compiler-exception AND GPL-2.0-only AND ISC AND
: LicenseRef-Fedora-Public-Domain AND HPND AND CMU-Mach AND LGPL-2.1-only AND LGPL-2.0-or-later AND
: Unicode-DFS-2015 AND GFDL-1.1-or-later AND GPL-1.0-or-later AND FSFUL AND MIT AND Inner-Net-2.0
: AND X11 AND GPL-2.0-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND GFDL-1.3-only AND GFDL-1.1-only
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
[root@rocky9 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:23 ago on Tue 22 Apr 2025 09:55:39 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到Rocky 9的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 125.el9_5.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.1 M
Source : glibc-2.34-125.el9_5.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@rocky8 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:40 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 05:47:33 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Rocky 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.el8_10.2
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.el8_10.2.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@almalinux10 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:16 ago on Tue 10 Jun 2025 01:44:44 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.39 # 可以看到Almalinux 10的glibc版本是2.39
Release : 37.el10.alma.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.2 M
Source : glibc-2.39-37.el10.alma.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPL-2.1-or-later AND SunPro AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND BSD-3-Clause AND
: GPL-2.0-or-later AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GNU-compiler-exception AND GPL-2.0-only AND ISC AND
: LicenseRef-Fedora-Public-Domain AND HPND AND CMU-Mach AND LGPL-2.1-only AND LGPL-2.0-or-later AND
: Unicode-DFS-2015 AND GFDL-1.1-or-later AND GPL-1.0-or-later AND FSFUL AND MIT AND Inner-Net-2.0
: AND X11 AND GPL-2.0-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND GFDL-1.3-only AND GFDL-1.1-only
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
[root@almalinux9 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:59 ago on Tue 22 Apr 2025 11:11:48 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到Almalinux 9的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 125.el9_5.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.1 M
Source : glibc-2.34-125.el9_5.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@almalinux8 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:09 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 06:36:03 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Almalinux 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.el8_10.2
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.el8_10.2.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@centos10 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:31 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 05:25:26 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.39 # 可以看到CentOS Stream 10的glibc版本是2.39
Release : 37.el10
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.2 M
Source : glibc-2.39-37.el10.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPL-2.1-or-later AND SunPro AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND BSD-3-Clause AND
: GPL-2.0-or-later AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GNU-compiler-exception AND GPL-2.0-only AND ISC AND
: LicenseRef-Fedora-Public-Domain AND HPND AND CMU-Mach AND LGPL-2.1-only AND LGPL-2.0-or-later AND
: Unicode-DFS-2015 AND GFDL-1.1-or-later AND GPL-1.0-or-later AND FSFUL AND MIT AND Inner-Net-2.0 AND
: X11 AND GPL-2.0-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND GFDL-1.3-only AND GFDL-1.1-only
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
[root@centos9 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:55 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 06:53:50 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到CentOS Stream 9的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 184.el9
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.1 M
Source : glibc-2.34-184.el9.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : baseos
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@centos8 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:56 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 07:43:16 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到CentOS Stream 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.el8
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.el8.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@centos7 ~]# yum info glibc
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository 'mysql' is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Arch : x86_64
Version : 2.17 # 可以看到CentOS 7的glibc版本是2.17
Release : 326.el7_9
Size : 13 M
Repo : installed
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@openeuler2403 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:19 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 08:21:42 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38 # 可以看到openEuler 24.03的glibc版本是2.38
Release : 47.oe2403sp1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 11 M
Source : glibc-2.38-47.oe2403sp1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and
: Inner-Net-2.0 and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL-1.3-only
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
...
[root@openeuler2203 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:16 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 08:40:01 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到openEuler 22.03的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 152.oe2203sp4
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 11 M
Source : glibc-2.34-152.oe2203sp4.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
...
[root@anolisos23 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:02 ago on Fri Apr 25 20:58:58 2025.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38 # 可以看到AnolisOS 23的glibc版本是2.38
Release : 5.an23
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 7.4 M
Source : glibc-2.38-5.an23.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system.
: In order to save disk space and memory, as well as to make upgrading easier,
: common system code is kept in one place and shared between programs.
: This particular package contains the most important sets of shared libraries:
: the standard C library and the standard math library.
: Without these two libraries, a Linux system will not function.
...
[root@anolis8 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:16 ago on Sat 26 Apr 2025 05:10:03 AM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到AnolisOS 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 236.0.1.an8.8
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.4 M
Source : glibc-2.28-236.0.1.an8.8.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@opencloudos9 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:46 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 09:36:03 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38 # 可以看到OpenCloudOS 9的glibc版本是2.38
Release : 29.oc9
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.38-29.oc9.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU
: system and GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use
: Linux as the kernel. These libraries provide critical APIs including
: ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD, OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs
: include such foundational facilities as open, read, write, malloc,
: printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt, login, exit and more.
[root@opencloudos8 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:45 ago on Sat 26 Apr 2025 05:54:03 AM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到OpenCloudOS 9的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.oc8.5.ap.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.oc8.5.ap.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@kylin10 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:30 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 10:10:26 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Kylin Server v10的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 98.p02.ky10
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 11 M
Source : glibc-2.28-98.p02.ky10.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
...
[root@uos20 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:51 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 10:26:30 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Uos Server v10的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 97.uel20.07
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 13 M
Source : glibc-2.28-97.uel20.07.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
opensuse15:~ # zypper info glibc
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Information for package glibc:
------------------------------
Repository : mirror-sle-update
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38-150600.14.26.1 # 可以看到openSUSE 15的glibc版本是2.38
Arch : x86_64
Vendor : SUSE LLC <https://www.suse.com/>
Installed Size : 6.5 MiB
Installed : Yes
Status : out-of-date (version 2.38-150600.12.1 installed)
Source package : glibc-2.38-150600.14.26.1.src
Upstream URL : https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/libc.html
Summary : Standard Shared Libraries (from the GNU C Library)
Description :
The GNU C Library provides the most important standard libraries used
by nearly all programs: the standard C library, the standard math
library, and the POSIX thread library. A system is not functional
without these libraries.
root@ubuntu2404:~# ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.39-0ubuntu8.4) 2.39 # 可以看到Ubuntu 24.04的glibc版本是2.39
Copyright (C) 2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
root@ubuntu2204:~# ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.35-0ubuntu3.6) 2.35 # 可以看到Ubuntu 22.04的glibc版本是2.35
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
raymond@ubuntu2004:~$ ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.31-0ubuntu9.9) 2.31 # 可以看到Ubuntu 20.04的glibc版本是2.31
Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
raymond@ubuntu1804:~$ ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.27-3ubuntu1.4) 2.27 # 可以看到Ubuntu 18.04的glibc版本是2.27
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
root@debian12:~# ldd --version
ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.36-9+deb12u9) 2.36 # 可以看到Debian 12的glibc版本是2.36
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
root@debian11:~# ldd --version
ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.31-13+deb11u11) 2.31 # 可以看到Debian 11的glibc版本是2.31
Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.显示当前主机的硬件架构类型：
bash
[root@rocky9 ~]# arch
x86_64根据操作系统的glibc版本去下载相应的安装包，这里系统版本选择"Linux - Generic (glibc 2.28) (x86, 64-bit)"，然后选择下面的"mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz"包后面的"Download"进行下载，**注意：**glibc版本大于等于2.28的使用glibc 2.28版的MySQL二进制包，glibc版本小于2.28的使用glibc2.17版的MySQL二进制包，如图27所示。
图27 下载MySQL二进制包
bash
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server、Uos Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
# mysql 8.0.42 glibc2.28包
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
tar xf mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
# mysql 8.0.42 glibc2.17包
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
tar xf mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/2.3.1.3 准备环境变量
bash
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh2.3.2.4 准备配置文件
bash
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
EOF2.3.2.5 生成数据库文件，并提取root密码
bash
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
# /data/mysql 会自动生成,但是/data/必须事先存在
# --initialize会生成一个初始化密码，--initialize-insecure生成空密码，两种方式任选一种
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
grep password /data/mysql/mysql.log
2025-04-22T14:36:39.157585Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K39lgjhHlu:U
# "K39lgjhHlu:U"就是初始化密码
# 生成空密码的root用户
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqlRocky 8/9/10、Almalinux 8/9/10、CentOS Stream 8/9/10、CentOS 7、openEuler 22.03/24.03、AnolisOS 8/23、OpenCloudOS 8/9：
bash
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory # 提示确少"libaio.so.1"文件
yum install -y libaio
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqlUbuntu 24.04：
bash
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@ubuntu2404:~# apt search libaio
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libaio-dev/noble-updates 0.3.113-6build1.1 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - development files
libaio1t64/noble-updates,now 0.3.113-6build1.1 amd64 [installed,automatic] # 可以看到libaio1t64包已经安装过了
Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library
ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1t64.0.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqlUbuntu 18.04：
bash
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@ubuntu1804:~# apt search libaio
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libaio-dev/bionic-updates 0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - development files
libaio1/bionic-updates 0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library
apt install -y libaio1
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqDebian 11/12：
bash
root@debian12:~# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@debian12:~# apt search libaio
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libaio-dev/stable 0.3.113-4 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - development files
libaio1/stable 0.3.113-4 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library
apt install -y libaio1
root@debian12:~# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@debian12:~# apt search libnuma
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libnuma-dev/stable 2.0.16-1 amd64
Development files for libnuma
libnuma1/stable 2.0.16-1 amd64
Libraries for controlling NUMA policy
apt install -y libnuma1
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql2.3.2.6 准备服务脚本和启动
Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、Uos Server、Ubuntu、Debian：
bash
# Rocky 9/10、Almalinux 9/10、CentOS Stream 9/10默认没有chkconfig包，需要安装
yum install -y chkconfig
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
cat > /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now mysqldopenSUSE：
bash
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# openSUSE
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
# openSUSE
ln -s /sbin/chkconfig /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install
chkconfig --add mysqld
service mysqld start2.3.2.7 修改口令
bash
# 如果使用的是空密码，就不需要修改口令
awk '/temporary password/{print $NF}' /data/mysql/mysql.log
aupYu;uhJ9&y
mysqladmin -uroot -p'aupYu;uhJ9&y' password 1234562.3.2.8 测试登录
Rocky 8/9/10、Almalinux 8/9/10、CentOS Stream 8/9/10、CentOS 7、openEuler 22.03/24.03、AnolisOS 8/23、OpenCloudOS 8/9、Kylin Server v10、Uos Server v20、Ubuntu 18.04/20.04/22.04/24.04、Debian 11、openSUSE：
bash
[root@rocky10 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.42 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.42 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 8
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.42 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /data/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 15 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 120 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 36 Queries per second avg: 0.333
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
ByeDebian 12：
bash
root@debian12:~# mysql
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@debian12:~# apt search libncurses6
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libncurses6/stable 6.4-4 amd64
shared libraries for terminal handling
apt install -y libncurses6
root@debian12:~# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.42 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.42 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 8
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.42 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /data/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 32 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 120 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 36 Queries per second avg: 0.156
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye2.3.2.9 一键安装ＭySQL 8.0二进制包的脚本
Shell脚本源码地址：
Gitee：https://gitee.com/raymond9/shell
Github：https://github.com/raymond999999/shell
可以去上面的Gitee或Github代码仓库拉取脚本。
bash
# install_mysql_binary_v3.sh脚本创建的数据库是空密码。
[root@rocky10 ~]# cat install_mysql_8.0_binary_v3.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
#**********************************************************************************
#Author: Raymond
#QQ: 88563128
#Date: 2025-06-10
#FileName: install_mysql_8.0_binary_v3.sh
#URL: https://wx.zsxq.com/group/15555885545422
#Description: The mysql binary script install supports
# "Rocky Linux 8, 9 and 10, Almalinux 8, 9 and 10, CentOS 7,
# CentOS Stream 8, 9 and 10, openEuler 22.03 and 24.03,
# AnolisOS 8 and 23, OpencloudOS 8 and 9, Kylin Server v10,
# Uos Server v20, Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 and 24.04,
# Debian 11 and 12, openSUSE 15" operating systems.
#Copyright (C): 2025 All rights reserved
#**********************************************************************************
COLOR="echo -e \\033[01;31m"
END='\033[0m'
# mysql 8.0.42 glibc2.28包下载地址："https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz"
# mysql 8.0.42 glibc2.17包下载地址："https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz"
DATA_DIR=/data/mysql
GLIBC_VERSION=2.28
MYSQL_URL=https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/
MYSQL_FILE="mysql-8.0.42-linux-glibc${GLIBC_VERSION}-x86_64.tar.xz"
os(){
. /etc/os-release
MAIN_NAME=`sed -rn '/^NAME=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+).*"$@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
MAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="?([0-9]+)\.?.*"?@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
FULL_NAME="${PRETTY_NAME}"
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
FULL_NAME="${NAME}"
else
FULL_NAME="${NAME} ${VERSION_ID}"
fi
}
check_file(){
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
rpm -q wget &> /dev/null || { ${COLOR}"安装wget工具，请稍等......"${END};yum install -y wget &> /dev/null; }
fi
if [ ! -e ${MYSQL_FILE} ];then
${COLOR}"缺少${MYSQL_FILE}文件"${END}
${COLOR}'开始下载MySQL二进制安装包，请稍等......'${END}
wget ${MYSQL_URL}${MYSQL_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"MySQL二进制安装包下载失败。"${END}; exit; }
else
${COLOR}"${MYSQL_FILE}文件已准备好。"${END}
fi
}
install_mysql(){
[ -d /usr/local/mysql ] && { ${COLOR}"MySQL数据库已存在，安装失败！"${END};exit; }
${COLOR}"开始安装MySQL数据库，请稍等......"${END}
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
id mysql &> /dev/null || { groupadd -r mysql && useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g mysql mysql; ${COLOR}"成功创建mysql用户!"${END}; }
else
id mysql &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql ; ${COLOR}"成功创建mysql用户！"${END}; }
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];then
yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];then
yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
fi
fi
tar xf ${MYSQL_FILE} -C /usr/local/
MYSQL_DIR=`echo ${MYSQL_FILE}| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
ln -s /usr/local/${MYSQL_DIR} /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin
datadir=${DATA_DIR}
socket=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.sock
log-error=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.log
pid-file=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.pid
[client]
socket=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.sock
EOF
[ -d ${DATA_DIR} ] || mkdir -p ${DATA_DIR} &> /dev/null
chown -R mysql:mysql ${DATA_DIR}
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];then
yum install -y libaio &> /dev/null
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1t64.0.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1
fi
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 18 ];then
apt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y libaio1 &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 11 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 12 ];then
apt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y libaio1 libnuma1 &> /dev/null
fi
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 12 ];then
apt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y libncurses6 &> /dev/null
fi
fi
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=${DATA_DIR}
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
yum install -y chkconfig &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
yum install -y chkconfig &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
yum install -y chkconfig &> /dev/null
fi
fi
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
ln -s /sbin/chkconfig /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install
chkconfig --add mysqld &> /dev/null
service mysqld start
else
cat > /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now mysqld &> /dev/null
fi
[ $? -ne 0 ] && { ${COLOR}"数据库启动失败，退出！"${END};exit; }
${COLOR}"${FULL_NAME}操作系统，MySQL数据库安装完成！"${END}
}
main(){
os
check_file
install_mysql
}
main2.3.2 MySQL 8.4
2.3.2.1 用户和组
bash
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、Uos Server、Ubuntu、Debian
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql
# openSUSE
groupadd -r mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g mysql mysql2.3.2.2 准备程序文件
MySQL二进制包下载，去"https://www.mysql.com/"网站下载，选择"DOWNLOADS"，如图28所示。
图28 下载MySQL二进制包
选择"MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads"，如图29所示。
图29 下载MySQL二进制包
然后选择"MySQL Community Server"，如图30所示。
图30 下载MySQL二进制包
然后版本选择"8.4.5 LTS"，操作系统选择"Linux-Generic"，下面的有3个版本，分别是"glibc 2.28 （x86, 64-bit和ARM, 64-bit）、glibc 2.17 （x86, 64-bit）"，这个根据系统的glibc版本和主机的硬件架构类型下载，如图31所示。
图31 下载MySQL二进制包
bash
[root@rocky10 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:38 ago on Tue 10 Jun 2025 12:21:32 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.39 # 可以看到Rocky 10的glibc版本是2.39
Release : 37.el10
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.2 M
Source : glibc-2.39-37.el10.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPL-2.1-or-later AND SunPro AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND BSD-3-Clause AND
: GPL-2.0-or-later AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GNU-compiler-exception AND GPL-2.0-only AND ISC AND
: LicenseRef-Fedora-Public-Domain AND HPND AND CMU-Mach AND LGPL-2.1-only AND LGPL-2.0-or-later AND
: Unicode-DFS-2015 AND GFDL-1.1-or-later AND GPL-1.0-or-later AND FSFUL AND MIT AND Inner-Net-2.0
: AND X11 AND GPL-2.0-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND GFDL-1.3-only AND GFDL-1.1-only
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
[root@rocky9 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:23 ago on Tue 22 Apr 2025 09:55:39 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到Rocky 9的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 125.el9_5.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.1 M
Source : glibc-2.34-125.el9_5.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@rocky8 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:40 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 05:47:33 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Rocky 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.el8_10.2
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.el8_10.2.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@almalinux10 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:16 ago on Tue 10 Jun 2025 01:44:44 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.39 # 可以看到Almalinux 10的glibc版本是2.39
Release : 37.el10.alma.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.2 M
Source : glibc-2.39-37.el10.alma.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPL-2.1-or-later AND SunPro AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND BSD-3-Clause AND
: GPL-2.0-or-later AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GNU-compiler-exception AND GPL-2.0-only AND ISC AND
: LicenseRef-Fedora-Public-Domain AND HPND AND CMU-Mach AND LGPL-2.1-only AND LGPL-2.0-or-later AND
: Unicode-DFS-2015 AND GFDL-1.1-or-later AND GPL-1.0-or-later AND FSFUL AND MIT AND Inner-Net-2.0
: AND X11 AND GPL-2.0-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND GFDL-1.3-only AND GFDL-1.1-only
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
[root@almalinux9 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:59 ago on Tue 22 Apr 2025 11:11:48 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到Almalinux 9的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 125.el9_5.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.1 M
Source : glibc-2.34-125.el9_5.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@almalinux8 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:09 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 06:36:03 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Almalinux 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.el8_10.2
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.el8_10.2.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net and
: ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@centos10 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:31 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 05:25:26 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.39 # 可以看到CentOS Stream 10的glibc版本是2.39
Release : 37.el10
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.2 M
Source : glibc-2.39-37.el10.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPL-2.1-or-later AND SunPro AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND BSD-3-Clause AND
: GPL-2.0-or-later AND LGPL-2.1-or-later WITH GNU-compiler-exception AND GPL-2.0-only AND ISC AND
: LicenseRef-Fedora-Public-Domain AND HPND AND CMU-Mach AND LGPL-2.1-only AND LGPL-2.0-or-later AND
: Unicode-DFS-2015 AND GFDL-1.1-or-later AND GPL-1.0-or-later AND FSFUL AND MIT AND Inner-Net-2.0 AND
: X11 AND GPL-2.0-or-later WITH GCC-exception-2.0 AND GFDL-1.3-only AND GFDL-1.1-only
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
[root@centos9 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:55 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 06:53:50 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到CentOS Stream 9的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 184.el9
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.1 M
Source : glibc-2.34-184.el9.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : baseos
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@centos8 ~]# dnf info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:56 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 07:43:16 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到CentOS Stream 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.el8
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.el8.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@centos7 ~]# yum info glibc
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository 'mysql' is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Arch : x86_64
Version : 2.17 # 可以看到CentOS 7的glibc版本是2.17
Release : 326.el7_9
Size : 13 M
Repo : installed
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@openeuler2403 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:19 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 08:21:42 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38 # 可以看到openEuler 24.03的glibc版本是2.38
Release : 47.oe2403sp1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 11 M
Source : glibc-2.38-47.oe2403sp1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and
: Inner-Net-2.0 and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL-1.3-only
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
...
[root@openeuler2203 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:16 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 08:40:01 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.34 # 可以看到openEuler 22.03的glibc版本是2.34
Release : 152.oe2203sp4
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 11 M
Source : glibc-2.34-152.oe2203sp4.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
...
[root@anolisos23 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:02 ago on Fri Apr 25 20:58:58 2025.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38 # 可以看到AnolisOS 23的glibc版本是2.38
Release : 5.an23
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 7.4 M
Source : glibc-2.38-5.an23.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system.
: In order to save disk space and memory, as well as to make upgrading easier,
: common system code is kept in one place and shared between programs.
: This particular package contains the most important sets of shared libraries:
: the standard C library and the standard math library.
: Without these two libraries, a Linux system will not function.
...
[root@anolis8 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:16 ago on Sat 26 Apr 2025 05:10:03 AM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到AnolisOS 8的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 236.0.1.an8.8
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.4 M
Source : glibc-2.28-236.0.1.an8.8.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@opencloudos9 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:46 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 09:36:03 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38 # 可以看到OpenCloudOS 9的glibc版本是2.38
Release : 29.oc9
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.38-29.oc9.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU
: system and GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use
: Linux as the kernel. These libraries provide critical APIs including
: ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD, OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs
: include such foundational facilities as open, read, write, malloc,
: printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt, login, exit and more.
[root@opencloudos8 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:45 ago on Sat 26 Apr 2025 05:54:03 AM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到OpenCloudOS 9的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 251.oc8.5.ap.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 6.6 M
Source : glibc-2.28-251.oc8.5.ap.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by
: multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and
: memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is
: kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package
: contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C
: library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a
: Linux system will not function.
...
[root@kylin10 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:30 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 10:10:26 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Kylin Server v10的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 98.p02.ky10
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 11 M
Source : glibc-2.28-98.p02.ky10.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
...
[root@uos20 ~]# yum info glibc
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:51 ago on Fri 25 Apr 2025 10:26:30 PM CST.
Installed Packages
Name : glibc
Version : 2.28 # 可以看到Uos Server v10的glibc版本是2.28
Release : 97.uel20.07
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 13 M
Source : glibc-2.28-97.uel20.07.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : anaconda
Summary : The GNU libc libraries
URL : http://www.gnu.org/software/glibc/
License : LGPLv2+ and LGPLv2+ with exceptions and GPLv2+ and GPLv2+ with exceptions and BSD and Inner-Net
: and ISC and Public Domain and GFDL
Description : The GNU C Library project provides the core libraries for the GNU system and
: GNU/Linux systems, as well as many other systems that use Linux as the kernel.
: These libraries provide critical APIs including ISO C11, POSIX.1-2008, BSD,
: OS-specific APIs and more. These APIs include such foundational facilities as
: open, read, write, malloc, printf, getaddrinfo, dlopen, pthread_create, crypt,
: login, exit and more.
opensuse15:~ # zypper info glibc
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Information for package glibc:
------------------------------
Repository : mirror-sle-update
Name : glibc
Version : 2.38-150600.14.26.1 # 可以看到openSUSE 15的glibc版本是2.38
Arch : x86_64
Vendor : SUSE LLC <https://www.suse.com/>
Installed Size : 6.5 MiB
Installed : Yes
Status : out-of-date (version 2.38-150600.12.1 installed)
Source package : glibc-2.38-150600.14.26.1.src
Upstream URL : https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/libc.html
Summary : Standard Shared Libraries (from the GNU C Library)
Description :
The GNU C Library provides the most important standard libraries used
by nearly all programs: the standard C library, the standard math
library, and the POSIX thread library. A system is not functional
without these libraries.
root@ubuntu2404:~# ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.39-0ubuntu8.4) 2.39 # 可以看到Ubuntu 24.04的glibc版本是2.39
Copyright (C) 2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
root@ubuntu2204:~# ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.35-0ubuntu3.6) 2.35 # 可以看到Ubuntu 22.04的glibc版本是2.35
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
raymond@ubuntu2004:~$ ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.31-0ubuntu9.9) 2.31 # 可以看到Ubuntu 20.04的glibc版本是2.31
Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
raymond@ubuntu1804:~$ ldd --version
ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.27-3ubuntu1.4) 2.27 # 可以看到Ubuntu 18.04的glibc版本是2.27
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
root@debian12:~# ldd --version
ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.36-9+deb12u9) 2.36 # 可以看到Debian 12的glibc版本是2.36
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
root@debian11:~# ldd --version
ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.31-13+deb11u11) 2.31 # 可以看到Debian 11的glibc版本是2.31
Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.显示当前主机的硬件架构类型：
bash
[root@rocky9 ~]# arch
x86_64根据操作系统的glibc版本去下载相应的安装包，这里系统版本选择"Linux - Generic (glibc 2.28) (x86, 64-bit)"，然后选择下面的"mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz"包后面的"Download"进行下载，**注意：**glibc版本大于等于2.28的使用glibc 2.28版的MySQL二进制包，glibc版本小于2.28的使用glibc2.17版的MySQL二进制包，如图32所示。
图32 下载MySQL二进制包
bash
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server、Uos Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
# mysql 8.4.5 glibc2.28包
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
tar xf mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
# mysql 8.4.5 glibc2.17包
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
tar xf mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/2.3.2.3 准备环境变量
bash
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh2.3.2.4 准备配置文件
bash
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
EOF2.3.2.5 生成数据库文件，并提取root密码
bash
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
# /data/mysql 会自动生成,但是/data/必须事先存在
# --initialize会生成一个初始化密码，--initialize-insecure生成空密码，两种方式任选一种
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
grep password /data/mysql/mysql.log
2025-04-22T14:36:39.157585Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K39lgjhHlu:U
# "K39lgjhHlu:U"就是初始化密码
# 生成空密码的root用户
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqlRocky 8/9/10、Almalinux 8/9/10、CentOS Stream 8/9/10、CentOS 7、openEuler 22.03/24.03、AnolisOS 8/23、OpenCloudOS 8/9：
bash
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory # 提示确少"libaio.so.1"文件
yum install -y libaio
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqlUbuntu 24.04：
bash
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@ubuntu2404:~# apt search libaio
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libaio-dev/noble-updates 0.3.113-6build1.1 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - development files
libaio1t64/noble-updates,now 0.3.113-6build1.1 amd64 [installed,automatic] # 可以看到libaio1t64包已经安装过了
Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library
ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1t64.0.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqlUbuntu 18.04：
bash
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@ubuntu1804:~# apt search libaio
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libaio-dev/bionic-updates 0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - development files
libaio1/bionic-updates 0.3.110-5ubuntu0.1 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library
apt install -y libaio1
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqDebian 11/12：
bash
root@debian12:~# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@debian12:~# apt search libaio
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libaio-dev/stable 0.3.113-4 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - development files
libaio1/stable 0.3.113-4 amd64
Linux kernel AIO access library - shared library
apt install -y libaio1
root@debian12:~# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@debian12:~# apt search libnuma
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libnuma-dev/stable 2.0.16-1 amd64
Development files for libnuma
libnuma1/stable 2.0.16-1 amd64
Libraries for controlling NUMA policy
apt install -y libnuma1
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql2.3.2.6 准备服务脚本和启动
Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、openEuler、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、 Kylin Server、Uos Server、Ubuntu、Debian：
bash
# Rocky 9/10、Almalinux 9/10、CentOS Stream 9/10默认没有chkconfig包，需要安装
yum install -y chkconfig
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
cat > /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now mysqldopenSUSE：
bash
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# openSUSE
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
# openSUSE
ln -s /sbin/chkconfig /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install
chkconfig --add mysqld
service mysqld start2.3.2.7 修改口令
bash
# 如果使用的是空密码，就不需要修改口令
awk '/temporary password/{print $NF}' /data/mysql/mysql.log
aupYu;uhJ9&y
mysqladmin -uroot -p'aupYu;uhJ9&y' password 1234562.3.2.8 测试登录
Rocky 8/9、Almalinux 8/9、CentOS Stream 8/9/10、CentOS 7、openEuler 22.03/24.03、AnolisOS 8/23、OpenCloudOS 8/9、Kylin Server v10、Uos Server v20、Ubuntu 18.04/20.04/22.04/24.04、Debian 11、openSUSE：
bash
[root@rocky10 ~]# mysql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.4.5 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.4.5 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 10
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.4.5 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /data/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 1 min 14 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 9 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.121
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
ByeDebian 12：
bash
root@debian12:~# mysql
mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
root@debian12:~# apt search libncurses6
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
libncurses6/stable 6.4-4 amd64
shared libraries for terminal handling
apt install -y libncurses6
root@debian12:~# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.4.5 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.4.5 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 8
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.4.5 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /data/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 3 min 5 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 6 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 120 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 36 Queries per second avg: 0.032
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye2.3.2.9 一键安装ＭySQL 8.4二进制包的脚本
Shell脚本源码地址：
Gitee：https://gitee.com/raymond9/shell
Github：https://github.com/raymond999999/shell
可以去上面的Gitee或Github代码仓库拉取脚本。
bash
# install_mysql_binary_v3.sh脚本创建的数据库是空密码。
[root@rocky10 ~]# cat install_mysql_8.4_binary_v3.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
#**********************************************************************************
#Author: Raymond
#QQ: 88563128
#Date: 2025-06-10
#FileName: install_mysql_8.4_binary_v3.sh
#URL: https://wx.zsxq.com/group/15555885545422
#Description: The mysql binary script install supports
# "Rocky Linux 8, 9 and 10, Almalinux 8, 9 and 10, CentOS 7,
# CentOS Stream 8, 9 and 10, openEuler 22.03 and 24.03,
# AnolisOS 8 and 23, OpencloudOS 8 and 9, Kylin Server v10,
# Uos Server v20, Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, 22.04 and 24.04,
# Debian 11 and 12, openSUSE 15" operating systems.
#Copyright (C): 2025 All rights reserved
#**********************************************************************************
COLOR="echo -e \\033[01;31m"
END='\033[0m'
# mysql 8.4.5 glibc2.28包下载地址："https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz"
# mysql 8.4.5 glibc2.17包下载地址："https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz"
DATA_DIR=/data/mysql
GLIBC_VERSION=2.28
MYSQL_URL=https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/
MYSQL_FILE="mysql-8.4.5-linux-glibc${GLIBC_VERSION}-x86_64.tar.xz"
os(){
. /etc/os-release
MAIN_NAME=`sed -rn '/^NAME=/s@.*="([[:alpha:]]+).*"$@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
MAIN_VERSION_ID=`sed -rn '/^VERSION_ID=/s@.*="?([0-9]+)\.?.*"?@\1@p' /etc/os-release`
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
FULL_NAME="${PRETTY_NAME}"
elif [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
FULL_NAME="${NAME}"
else
FULL_NAME="${NAME} ${VERSION_ID}"
fi
}
check_file(){
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Kylin" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "UOS" ];then
rpm -q wget &> /dev/null || { ${COLOR}"安装wget工具，请稍等......"${END};yum install -y wget &> /dev/null; }
fi
if [ ! -e ${MYSQL_FILE} ];then
${COLOR}"缺少${MYSQL_FILE}文件"${END}
${COLOR}'开始下载MySQL二进制安装包，请稍等......'${END}
wget ${MYSQL_URL}${MYSQL_FILE} || { ${COLOR}"MySQL二进制安装包下载失败。"${END}; exit; }
else
${COLOR}"${MYSQL_FILE}文件已准备好。"${END}
fi
}
install_mysql(){
[ -d /usr/local/mysql ] && { ${COLOR}"MySQL数据库已存在，安装失败！"${END};exit; }
${COLOR}"开始安装MySQL数据库，请稍等......"${END}
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
id mysql &> /dev/null || { groupadd -r mysql && useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r -g mysql mysql; ${COLOR}"成功创建mysql用户!"${END}; }
else
id mysql &> /dev/null || { useradd -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql ; ${COLOR}"成功创建mysql用户！"${END}; }
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 22 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 23 ];then
yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 ];then
yum install -y tar &> /dev/null
fi
fi
tar xf ${MYSQL_FILE} -C /usr/local/
MYSQL_DIR=`echo ${MYSQL_FILE}| sed -nr 's/^(.*[0-9]).*/\1/p'`
ln -s /usr/local/${MYSQL_DIR} /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-bin
datadir=${DATA_DIR}
socket=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.sock
log-error=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.log
pid-file=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.pid
[client]
socket=${DATA_DIR}/mysql.sock
EOF
[ -d ${DATA_DIR} ] || mkdir -p ${DATA_DIR} &> /dev/null
chown -R mysql:mysql ${DATA_DIR}
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "openEuler" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "Anolis" -o ${MAIN_NAME} == "OpenCloudOS" ];then
yum install -y libaio &> /dev/null
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Ubuntu" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 24 ];then
ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1t64.0.2 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1
fi
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 18 ];then
apt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y libaio1 &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Debian" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 11 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 12 ];then
apt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y libaio1 libnuma1 &> /dev/null
fi
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 12 ];then
apt update &> /dev/null;apt install -y libncurses6 &> /dev/null
fi
fi
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=${DATA_DIR}
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "Rocky" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
yum install -y chkconfig &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "AlmaLinux" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
yum install -y chkconfig &> /dev/null
fi
fi
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "CentOS" ];then
if [ ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 9 -o ${MAIN_VERSION_ID} == 10 ];then
yum install -y chkconfig &> /dev/null
fi
fi
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
if [ ${MAIN_NAME} == "openSUSE" ];then
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
ln -s /sbin/chkconfig /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install
chkconfig --add mysqld &> /dev/null
service mysqld start
else
cat > /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<-EOF
[Unit]
Description=mysql database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
PrivateNetwork=false
Type=forking
Restart=no
TimeoutSec=5min
IgnoreSIGPIPE=no
KillMode=process
GuessMainPID=no
RemainAfterExit=yes
SuccessExitStatus=5 6
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d//mysqld stop
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysqld reload
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=mysqld.service
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now mysqld &> /dev/null
fi
[ $? -ne 0 ] && { ${COLOR}"数据库启动失败，退出！"${END};exit; }
${COLOR}"${FULL_NAME}操作系统，MySQL数据库安装完成！"${END}
}
main(){
os
check_file
install_mysql
}
main