php在使用 composer 安装时报错集合

一、明明安装了扩展提示没有安装

/www/supper_admin # composer install
Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev)
Verifying lock file contents can be installed on current platform.
Warning: The lock file is not up to date with the latest changes in composer.json. You may be getting outdated dependencies. It is recommended that you run `composer update` or `composer update <package name>`.
Your lock file does not contain a compatible set of packages. Please run composer update.

  Problem 1
    - lcobucci/clock is locked to version 3.3.1 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - lcobucci/clock 3.3.1 requires php ~8.2.0 || ~8.3.0 || ~8.4.0 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 2
    - maennchen/zipstream-php is locked to version 3.1.2 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - maennchen/zipstream-php 3.1.2 requires php-64bit ^8.2 -> your php-64bit version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 3
    - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet is locked to version 1.29.10 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 1.29.10 requires ext-zip * -> it is missing from your system. Install or enable PHP's zip extension.
  Problem 4
    - psr/cache is locked to version 2.0.0 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - psr/cache 2.0.0 requires php >=8.0.0 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 5
    - symfony/deprecation-contracts is locked to version v3.5.1 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - symfony/deprecation-contracts v3.5.1 requires php >=8.1 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 6
    - symfony/event-dispatcher-contracts is locked to version v3.5.1 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - symfony/event-dispatcher-contracts v3.5.1 requires php >=8.1 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 7
    - symfony/finder is locked to version v7.2.2 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - symfony/finder v7.2.2 requires php >=8.2 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 8
    - symfony/service-contracts is locked to version v3.5.1 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - symfony/service-contracts v3.5.1 requires php >=8.1 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 9
    - symfony/var-exporter is locked to version v6.4.21 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - symfony/var-exporter v6.4.21 requires php >=8.1 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.
  Problem 10
    - nelexa/zip is locked to version 4.0.2 and an update of this package was not requested.
    - nelexa/zip 4.0.2 requires symfony/finder * -> satisfiable by symfony/finder[v7.2.2].
    - symfony/finder v7.2.2 requires php >=8.2 -> your php version (7.4.33) does not satisfy that requirement.

To enable extensions, verify that they are enabled in your .ini files:
    - /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-amqp.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-bcmath.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-gd.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-mysqli.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-opcache.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-pcntl.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-pdo_mysql.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-redis.ini
    - /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-sodium.ini
You can also run `php --ini` in a terminal to see which files are used by PHP in CLI mode.
Alternatively, you can run Composer with `--ignore-platform-req=ext-zip` to temporarily ignore these required extensions.

解决：

# 安装
composer install --ignore-platform-reqs

# 添加组件
composer install <包名> --ignore-platform-reqs

--ignore-platform-reqs: ignore all platform requirements (php, hhvm, lib-* and ext-*) and force the installation even if the local machine does not fulfill these. See also the platform config option

忽略所有平台要求（php，hhvm，lib- *和ext- *）并强制安装，即使本地计算机不满足这些要求

二、多版本 PHP 下的 composer 使用

格式：

对应的php版本 composer的绝对路径 [操作]

以宝塔安装的 PHP7.4，php8.2为例子

php7.4环境下使用 composer

php74 /usr/bin/composer install

php8.2环境下使用 composer

php82 /usr/bin/composer install

三、composer 版本太低的更新

composer self-update

四、每次 composer 安装时提示 root 权限不安全

提示 "Continue as root/super user [yes]?"

vim ~/.bashrc

# 把composer设置为全局
export COMPOSER_ALLOW_SUPERUSER=1