路由综合实验RIP,OSPF,BGP

半路_出家ren2025-08-24 18:02

1、拓扑图

配置RIP和OSPF，为了让PC1和PC2实现通信。

2、实验配置

（1）配置IP地址

配置PC的IP地址和网关

（2）配置路由器IP地址

复制代码 
配置AR1路由器对应接口的IP地址
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname AR1
[AR1]undo info-center enable 
[AR1]interface g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 100.1.1.254 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.1.1.1 30
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 13.1.1.1 30
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

配置AR2路由器对应接口的IP地址
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname AR2
[AR2]undo info-center enable 
[AR2]int g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.1 30
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 30
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

配置AR3路由器对应接口的IP地址
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname AR3
[AR3]int g0/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 13.1.1.2 30
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[AR3]undo info-center enable 
[AR3]int g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.2 30
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.1 30
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

配置AR4路由器对应接口的IP地址
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname AR4
[AR4]undo info-center enable 
[AR4]int g0/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 30
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 45.1.1.1 30
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

配置AR5路由器对应接口的IP地址
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sysname AR5
[AR5]undo info-center enable 
[AR5]int g0/0/0
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.2 30
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 200.1.1.254 24
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[AR5]dis current-configuration

经过以上配置之后，一定要先检查一下IP地址是否配置正确，再进行下一步操作。

复制代码 
[AR5]display  ip interface brief

或者ping 一下直连。

（3）配置AS 100内部的路由信息

在AR1、AR2、AR3中运行RIP协议。

复制代码 
在AR1中进行配置
<AR1>sys
[AR1]rip ?
  INTEGER<1-65535>  Process ID
  mib-binding       Mib-Binding a process
  vpn-instance      VPN instance
  <cr>              Please press ENTER to execute command 
[AR1]rip 1
将AR1的三个网段都宣告到RIP 1中
[AR1-rip-1]
[AR1-rip-1]network 100.1.1.0
Error: The network address is invalid, and the specified address must be major-n
et address without any subnets.
上述命令出错，默认是RIPv1
修改为RIPv2
[AR1-rip-1]version 2
[AR1-rip-1]network 100.1.1.0
Error: The network address is invalid, and the specified address must be major-n
et address without any subnets.
修改版本之后依旧报错。因为只能宣告主类网络。对外宣告路由时携带子网掩码。
[AR1-rip-1]net	
[AR1-rip-1]network 100.0.0.0
[AR1-rip-1]net	
[AR1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[AR1-rip-1]net	
[AR1-rip-1]network 13.0.0.0
[AR1-rip-1]q

在AR2中进行配置
<AR2>sys
[AR2]rip 1
[AR2-rip-1]version 2
[AR2-rip-1]net	
[AR2-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[AR2-rip-1]net	
[AR2-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0
[AR2-rip-1]q

在AR3中进行配置
<AR3>sys
[AR3]rip 1
[AR3-rip-1]version 2
[AR3-rip-1]net	
[AR3-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0
[AR3-rip-1]net	
[AR3-rip-1]network 13.0.0.0
[AR3-rip-1]q


[AR3]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 16       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/30  RIP     100  1           D   23.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    RIP     100  1           D   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   13.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       23.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   23.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       23.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       23.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       34.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       34.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       34.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      100.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[AR3]

上述配置是RIP，也可以配置成OSPF

（4）配置BGP

在AR3和AR4之间运行同一个EBGP。

复制代码 
在AR3中配置
<AR3>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[AR3]bgp 100
[AR3-bgp]peer 34.1.1.2 as-number 200

在AR4中配置
<AR4>sys
[AR4]bgp 200
[AR4-bgp]peer 34.1.1.1 as-number 100
[AR4-bgp]peer 45.1.1.2 as-number 200

在AR5中配置
<AR5>
<AR5>sys
[AR5]bgp 200
[AR5-bgp]peer 45.1.1.1 as-number 200
[AR5-bgp]q

查看AR4中的配置信息
[AR4]dis bgp peer

 BGP local router ID : 34.1.1.2
 Local AS number : 200
 Total number of peers : 2		  Peers in established state : 2

  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv

  34.1.1.1        4         100        4        4     0 00:02:39 Established    
   0
  45.1.1.2        4         200        2        3     0 00:00:36 Established    
   0
[AR4]


查看路由信息：都是直连的路由信息。
需要手工的宣告，或者把其他的路由导入。
[AR4]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       34.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       45.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       45.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

在AR5中宣告路由
宣告IPv4的单播路由
[AR5]bgp 200
[AR5-bgp]ipv4-family unicast
[AR5-bgp-af-ipv4]network 200.1.1.0 24

再次查看AR4中的路由信息，已经学到200.1.1.0网段的地址

[AR4]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 11       Routes : 11       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       34.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       45.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       45.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  IBGP    255  0          RD   45.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

查看AR3中的路由信息，也学到200.1.1.0网段
[AR3]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 16       Routes : 17       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/30  RIP     100  1           D   23.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    RIP     100  1           D   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   13.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       23.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   23.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       23.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       23.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       34.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       34.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       34.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      100.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  EBGP    255  0           D   34.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[AR3]

PC1要想ping通PC2，AR1中必须有200.1.1.0网段的路由信息。

复制代码 
[AR1]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 15       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       12.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       12.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       13.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       13.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.1.1.0/30  RIP     100  1           D   12.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    RIP     100  1           D   13.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      100.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   100.1.1.254     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    100.1.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    100.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[AR1]

[AR5]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       45.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.1.254     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[AR5]

查看路由表之后，AR1和AR5都没有互相的路由，没办法通信。

这时，就需要将彼此的路由引进到彼此的网关中。AR3中有100.1.1.0和200.1.1.0两个网段的信息。

（5）引入路由信息

复制代码 
在AR3中配置
[AR3]rip 
[AR3-rip-1]import-route ?
  bgp     Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routes
  direct  Direct routes
  isis    Intermediate System to Intermediate System (ISIS) routes
  ospf    Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routes
  rip     Routing Information Protocol (RIP) routes
  static  Static routes
  unr     User Network Route
[AR3-rip-1]import-route bgp

查看AR1的路由信息，有200.1.1.0网段的信息

复制代码 
<AR1>dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 16       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       12.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       12.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   13.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       13.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       13.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.1.1.0/30  RIP     100  1           D   12.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    RIP     100  1           D   13.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      100.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   100.1.1.254     GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    100.1.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
    100.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   13.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

<AR1>

但是AR5中还没有100.1.1.0网段的信息

复制代码 
<AR5>dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       45.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.1.254     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

<AR5>

在AR3中配置，引用配置
[AR3]bgp 100
[AR3-bgp]im	
[AR3-bgp]import-route rip ?
  INTEGER<1-65535>  Specify a process id
[AR3-bgp]import-route rip 1

在AR4中查看配置信息，引入100.1.1.0网段的信息
<AR4>dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 15       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/30  EBGP    255  1           D   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.0/30  EBGP    255  0           D   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       23.1.1.0/30  EBGP    255  0           D   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   34.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       45.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       45.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      100.1.1.0/24  EBGP    255  1           D   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  IBGP    255  0          RD   45.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

上述配置之后AR5中还是没有100.1.1.0网段的路由信息，为什么呢？

AR5dis bgp routing-table 显示AR5已经学到100.1.1.0网段的信息，但是没有加入路由表中，因为显示的bgp路由表下一跳是 34.1.1.1，而AR5中没有这条路由，不可达。

复制代码 
[AR5]dis bgp routing-table 

 BGP Local router ID is 200.1.1.254 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 5
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

   i  12.1.1.0/30        34.1.1.1        1          100        0      100?
   i  13.1.1.0/30        34.1.1.1        0          100        0      100?
   i  23.1.1.0/30        34.1.1.1        0          100        0      100?
   i  100.1.1.0/24       34.1.1.1        1          100        0      100?
 *>   200.1.1.0          0.0.0.0         0                     0      i
[AR5]

而AR5中没有这条路由，不可达，解决方法有两种，一种是直接写静态路由。

复制代码 
[AR5]ip route-static 34.1.1.0 30 45.1.1.1

[AR5]dis ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 15       Routes : 15       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/30  IBGP    255  1          RD   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.0/30  IBGP    255  0          RD   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       23.1.1.0/30  IBGP    255  0          RD   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       34.1.1.0/30  Static  60   0          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      100.1.1.0/24  IBGP    255  1          RD   34.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.1.254     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[AR5]

而AR5中没有这条路由，不可达，解决方法有两种，第二种方案在AR4上配置。有点难。

复制代码 
在AR4中配置
[AR4]bgp 200	
[AR4-bgp]peer 45.1.1.2 next-hop-local 

进行上述配置之后AR5的路由表信息

[AR5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       12.1.1.0/30  IBGP    255  1          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.1.1.0/30  IBGP    255  0          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       23.1.1.0/30  IBGP    255  0          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.0/30  Direct  0    0           D   45.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       45.1.1.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      100.1.1.0/24  IBGP    255  1          RD   45.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      200.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   200.1.1.254     GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
    200.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[AR5]


[AR5]dis bgp routing-table 

 BGP Local router ID is 200.1.1.254 
 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
               h - history,  i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
               Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete


 Total Number of Routes: 5
      Network            NextHop        MED        LocPrf    PrefVal Path/Ogn

 *>i  12.1.1.0/30        45.1.1.1        1          100        0      100?
 *>i  13.1.1.0/30        45.1.1.1        0          100        0      100?
 *>i  23.1.1.0/30        45.1.1.1        0          100        0      100?
 *>i  100.1.1.0/24       45.1.1.1        1          100        0      100?
 *>   200.1.1.0          0.0.0.0         0                     0      i
[AR5]

（6）实验结果验证

复制代码 
PC>ping 200.1.1.1

Ping 200.1.1.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 200.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 200.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=124 time=32 ms
From 200.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=124 time=31 ms
From 200.1.1.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=124 time=31 ms

--- 200.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/31/32 ms

PC>tracert 200.1.1.1

traceroute to 200.1.1.1, 8 hops max
(ICMP), press Ctrl+C to stop
 1  100.1.1.254   16 ms  15 ms  16 ms
 2  13.1.1.2   16 ms  15 ms  31 ms
 3  34.1.1.2   32 ms  15 ms  16 ms
 4  45.1.1.2   31 ms  16 ms  31 ms
 5  200.1.1.1   16 ms  31 ms  16 ms

PC>
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