debug - MDK - arm-none-eabi - 从MDK工程做一个makefile工程出来

LostSpeed2025-10-17 16:32

文章目录

debug - MDK - arm-none-eabi - 从MDK工程做一个makefile工程出来

概述

想从一个基于arm-gcc工具链编译的MDK工程，做一个makefile工程出来。

达到和MDK工程编译一摸一样的效果。

前面做了实验(debug - MDK - arm-none-eabi - 将MDK工程编译过程的所有命令行参数找出来), 已经将MDK工程编译时的全部命令行编译参数找出来了。

现在整理一个makefile出来。

笔记

my_arm_gnu_env_only.bat

先写一个带有arm-gcc环境和gnu-make环境的脚本.

bash 复制代码 
@echo off
rem @file my_arm_gnu_env_only.bat
rem @breif 通用的arm-gcc工具链，编译哪个工程都可以
set path=%~dp0arm-gnu-toolchain\bin;%~dp0gnuwin32\bin;%~dp0curl;%path%
rem set path=C:\nxp\MCUXpressoIDE_25.6.136\ide\;%path%
cmd /k "echo my arm gnu env"

先将编译结果整理成一个bat

为了清晰，先将前面实验找出来的全部命令行参数先要用.bat表达出来，先能干活, 然后再整理成makefile, 这样清晰简单。

build.bat

bash 复制代码 
@echo off
rem @file build.bat

cls

rem 打印bat文件的全路径名称
echo %~f0

echo.
echo ------------------------------------------------------------

echo BEGIN

echo.
echo ------------------------------------------------------------
echo clean

rem 路径符号必须是用'\'

rem 建立必须存在的文件夹
if not exist .\out mkdir .\out

rem 删除中间文件
if exist ".\*.o" (
    echo del .\*.o
    del .\*.o
)

if exist ".\out\*.o" (
    echo del .\out\*.o
    del .\out\*.o
)

if exist ".\out\*.map" (
    echo del .\out\*.map
    del .\out\*.map
)

if exist ".\out\*.elf" (
    echo del .\out\*.elf
    del .\out\*.elf
)

if exist ".\out\*.d" (
    echo del .\out\*.d
    del .\out\*.d
)

if exist ".\out\*.hex" (
    echo del .\out\*.hex
    del .\out\*.hex
)

if exist ".\out\*.lst" (
    echo del .\out\*.lst
    del .\out\*.lst
)

echo.
dir /s /b /oneg

echo.
echo ------------------------------------------------------------
echo compile

rem 如果不指定输出名称, 就是同名的.o
rem arm-none-eabi-gcc -c main.c

rem compile .s
arm-none-eabi-as ^
    -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" ^
    --defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 ^
    --defsym __GCC=1 ^
    --defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 ^
    --defsym LPC175x_6x=1 ^
    -alhms=./out/startup_lpc17xx.lst ^
    --MD ./out/startup_lpc17xx.d ^
    -o ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o "src/startup_LPC17xx.s"

arm-none-eabi-gcc ^
    -c ^
    -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" ^
    -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" ^
    -D__UVISION_VERSION="543" ^
    -D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" ^
    -DLPC175x_6x ^
    -Wa,-alhms=./out/main.lst ^
    -o ./out/main.o "src/main.cpp"

echo.
echo ------------------------------------------------------------
echo Link

arm-none-eabi-gcc ^
    -T ./src/LPC1768.ld ^
    -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -Wl,-Map="./out/arm-gcc.map" -nostartfiles ^
    -o "./out/arm-gcc.elf" "./out/startup_lpc17xx.o" "./out/main.o"

echo.
echo ------------------------------------------------------------
echo convert

rem exe 可以用双引号包裹起来
"arm-none-eabi-objcopy.exe" -O ihex ./out/arm-gcc.elf ./out/arm-gcc.hex

echo.
dir /s /b /oneg

echo.
echo ------------------------------------------------------------
echo END

运行效果

在cmd中先运行包含arm-gcc环境的脚本my_arm_gnu_env_only.bat，然后再运行build.bat

bash 复制代码 
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\build.bat

------------------------------------------------------------
BEGIN

------------------------------------------------------------
clean
del .\out\*.o
del .\out\*.map
del .\out\*.elf
del .\out\*.d
del .\out\*.hex
del .\out\*.lst

D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\build.bat
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src\LPC1768.ld
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src\main.cpp
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src\startup_LPC17xx.s

------------------------------------------------------------
compile

------------------------------------------------------------
Link

------------------------------------------------------------
convert

D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\build.bat
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\arm-gcc.elf
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\arm-gcc.hex
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\arm-gcc.map
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\main.d
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\main.lst
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\main.o
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\startup_lpc17xx.d
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\startup_lpc17xx.lst
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\out\startup_lpc17xx.o
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src\LPC1768.ld
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src\main.cpp
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1\src\startup_LPC17xx.s

------------------------------------------------------------
END

D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.1>

makefile v0.1

从bat直接翻译一个最简单的makefile

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

all:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

	arm-none-eabi-as \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
		--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
		--defsym __GCC=1 \
		--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
		--defsym LPC175x_6x=1 \
		-alhms=./out/startup_lpc17xx.lst \
		--MD ./out/startup_lpc17xx.d \
		-o ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o "src/startup_LPC17xx.s"

	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
		-c \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
		-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
		-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
		-DLPC175x_6x \
		-Wa,-alhms=./out/main.lst \
		-o ./out/main.o "src/main.cpp"

	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
		-T ./src/LPC1768.ld \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -Wl,-Map="./out/arm-gcc.map" -nostartfiles \
		-o "./out/arm-gcc.elf" "./out/startup_lpc17xx.o" "./out/main.o"

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./out/arm-gcc.elf ./out/arm-gcc.hex

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

makefile v0.2

加入编译目标的依赖，依赖的实现变了，就编译。如果实现没变，就不编译

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.2 加入编译目标的依赖，提高编译效率
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

all: ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./out/main.o ./out/arm-gcc.elf

clean:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

./out/startup_lpc17xx.o: src/startup_LPC17xx.s
	arm-none-eabi-as \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
		--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
		--defsym __GCC=1 \
		--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
		--defsym LPC175x_6x=1 \
		-alhms=./out/startup_lpc17xx.lst \
		--MD ./out/startup_lpc17xx.d \
		-o ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o "src/startup_LPC17xx.s"

./out/main.o: src/main.cpp
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
		-c \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
		-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
		-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
		-DLPC175x_6x \
		-Wa,-alhms=./out/main.lst \
		-o ./out/main.o "src/main.cpp"

./out/arm-gcc.elf: ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./src/LPC1768.ld ./out/main.o
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
		-T ./src/LPC1768.ld \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -Wl,-Map="./out/arm-gcc.map" -nostartfiles \
		-o "./out/arm-gcc.elf" "./out/startup_lpc17xx.o" "./out/main.o"

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./out/arm-gcc.elf ./out/arm-gcc.hex

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

makefile v0.4

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.4 确认和验证是否实际目标可以写成伪目标, 答案是不能(会失去文件自动检测编译的功能，导致全部编译)
#	v0.3 声明伪目标, 加入编译目标 rebuild
#	v0.2 加入编译目标的依赖，提高编译效率
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

# 如果多个编译目标的规则都相同，可以将多个目标放在一起，用空格分开
# e.g. 
# obj1 obj2: main.cpp
# gcc -xx ...

# 在编译目标的gcc命令中使用的自动变量
# @$ 当前目标
# @< 依赖的第一个文件
# -o @$ @< # 要编译的文件比较多时, 可以代替硬编码

# c_file: src/*.c
# 如果编译目标指定的依赖不存在，makefile会报错
# 如果没有的实际目标，就不要留在makefile中

# 编译具体目标时, 不能写成伪目标，而是要直接写成真正要编译的.o目标，否则就不能检测依赖的文件变化了，而是每次都全部编译

.PHONY: all clean rebuild

all: \
	./out/arm-gcc.elf

	@echo build all


rebuild:
	make clean
	make


clean:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

./out/startup_lpc17xx.o: src/startup_lpc17xx.s
	arm-none-eabi-as \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
		--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
		--defsym __GCC=1 \
		--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
		--defsym LPC175x_6x=1 \
		-alhms=./out/startup_lpc17xx.lst \
		--MD ./out/startup_lpc17xx.d \
		-o ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o "src/startup_LPC17xx.s"

./out/main.o: src/main.cpp
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
		-c \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
		-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
		-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
		-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
		-DLPC175x_6x \
		-Wa,-alhms=./out/main.lst \
		-o ./out/main.o "src/main.cpp"


./out/arm-gcc.elf: ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./src/LPC1768.ld ./out/main.o
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
		-T ./src/LPC1768.ld \
		-mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -Wl,-Map="./out/arm-gcc.map" -nostartfiles \
		-o "./out/arm-gcc.elf" "./out/startup_lpc17xx.o" "./out/main.o"

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./out/arm-gcc.elf ./out/arm-gcc.hex

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

makefile v0.5

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.5 将编译选项定义为变量
#	v0.4 确认和验证是否实际目标可以写成伪目标, 答案是不能(会失去文件自动检测编译的功能，导致全部编译)
#	v0.3 声明伪目标, 加入编译目标 rebuild
#	v0.2 加入编译目标的依赖，提高编译效率
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

# 如果多个编译目标的规则都相同，可以将多个目标放在一起，用空格分开
# e.g. 
# obj1 obj2: main.cpp
# gcc -xx ...

# 在编译目标的gcc命令中使用的自动变量
# @$ 当前目标
# @< 依赖的第一个文件
# -o @$ @< # 要编译的文件比较多时, 可以代替硬编码

# c_file: src/*.c
# 如果编译目标指定的依赖不存在，makefile会报错
# 如果没有的实际目标，就不要留在makefile中

# 编译具体目标时, 不能写成伪目标，而是要直接写成真正要编译的.o目标，否则就不能检测依赖的文件变化了，而是每次都全部编译

ASM_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
	--defsym __GCC=1 \
	--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
	--defsym LPC175x_6x=1

CPP_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
	-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
	-DLPC175x_6x

LINK_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles

.PHONY: all clean rebuild

all: \
	./out/arm-gcc.elf

	@echo build all

rebuild:
	make clean
	make

clean:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

./out/startup_lpc17xx.o: src/startup_lpc17xx.s
	arm-none-eabi-as \
	$(ASM_FLAGS) \
	-alhms=./out/startup_lpc17xx.lst \
	--MD ./out/startup_lpc17xx.d \
	-o ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o "src/startup_LPC17xx.s"

./out/main.o: src/main.cpp
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	-c \
	$(CPP_FLAGS) \
	-Wa,-alhms=./out/main.lst \
	-o ./out/main.o "src/main.cpp"

./out/arm-gcc.elf: ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./src/LPC1768.ld ./out/main.o
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	$(LINK_FLAGS) \
	-Wl,-Map="./out/arm-gcc.map" \
	-T ./src/LPC1768.ld \
	-o "./out/arm-gcc.elf" "./out/startup_lpc17xx.o" "./out/main.o"

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex ./out/arm-gcc.elf ./out/arm-gcc.hex

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

makefile v0.6

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.6 用makefil自动变量优化编译命令, 使gcc命令行更灵活
#	v0.5 将编译选项定义为变量
#	v0.4 确认和验证是否实际目标可以写成伪目标, 答案是不能(会失去文件自动检测编译的功能，导致全部编译)
#	v0.3 声明伪目标, 加入编译目标 rebuild
#	v0.2 加入编译目标的依赖，提高编译效率
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

# 如果多个编译目标的规则都相同，可以将多个目标放在一起，用空格分开
# e.g. 
# obj1 obj2: main.cpp
# gcc -xx ...

# 在编译目标的gcc命令中使用的自动变量
# @$ 当前目标
# @< 依赖的第一个文件
# -o @$ @< # 要编译的文件比较多时, 可以代替硬编码

# c_file: src/*.c
# 如果编译目标指定的依赖不存在，makefile会报错
# 如果没有的实际目标，就不要留在makefile中

# 编译具体目标时, 不能写成伪目标，而是要直接写成真正要编译的.o目标，否则就不能检测依赖的文件变化了，而是每次都全部编译

ASM_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
	--defsym __GCC=1 \
	--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
	--defsym LPC175x_6x=1

CPP_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
	-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
	-DLPC175x_6x

LINK_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles

.PHONY: all clean rebuild

all: \
	./out/arm-gcc.elf

	@echo build all

rebuild:
	make clean
	make

clean:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

./out/startup_lpc17xx.o: src/startup_lpc17xx.s
	arm-none-eabi-as \
	$(ASM_FLAGS) \
	-alhms=$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@) \
	--MD $(patsubst %.o,%.d,$@) \
	-o $@ $<

./out/main.o: src/main.cpp
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	-c \
	$(CPP_FLAGS) \
	-Wa,-alhms="$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@)" \
	-o $@ $<

./out/arm-gcc.elf: ./src/LPC1768.ld ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./out/main.o
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	$(LINK_FLAGS) \
	-Wl,-Map="$(patsubst %.elf,%.map,$@)" \
	-T $< \
	-o $@ $(filter-out $<, $^)

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex $@ $(patsubst .elf,.hex,$@)

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

makefile v0.7

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.7 在make命令中加注释，解释用到的make内置函数的功能和用法
#	v0.6 用makefil自动变量优化编译命令, 使gcc命令行更灵活
#	v0.5 将编译选项定义为变量
#	v0.4 确认和验证是否实际目标可以写成伪目标, 答案是不能(会失去文件自动检测编译的功能，导致全部编译)
#	v0.3 声明伪目标, 加入编译目标 rebuild
#	v0.2 加入编译目标的依赖，提高编译效率
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

# 如果多个编译目标的规则都相同，可以将多个目标放在一起，用空格分开
# e.g. 
# obj1 obj2: main.cpp
# gcc -xx ...

# 在编译目标的gcc命令中使用的自动变量
# @$ 当前目标
# @< 依赖的第一个文件
# -o @$ @< # 要编译的文件比较多时, 可以代替硬编码

# c_file: src/*.c
# 如果编译目标指定的依赖不存在，makefile会报错
# 如果没有的实际目标，就不要留在makefile中

# 编译具体目标时, 不能写成伪目标，而是要直接写成真正要编译的.o目标，否则就不能检测依赖的文件变化了，而是每次都全部编译

ASM_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
	--defsym __GCC=1 \
	--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
	--defsym LPC175x_6x=1

CPP_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
	-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
	-DLPC175x_6x

LINK_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles

.PHONY: all clean rebuild

all: \
	./out/arm-gcc.elf

# 在make目标中, 可以加注释, 但是注释必须顶着行头写
	@echo build all

rebuild:
	make clean
	make

clean:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

./out/startup_lpc17xx.o: src/startup_lpc17xx.s
# patsubst 是make内置函数, 格式 patsubst %1,%2,%3
# 作用 : 将%3的内容中的%1字符串换为%2字符串
	arm-none-eabi-as \
	$(ASM_FLAGS) \
	-alhms=$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@) \
	--MD $(patsubst %.o,%.d,$@) \
	-o $@ $<

# $@ 是编译目标的名字
# $< 是依赖的第一个内容

./out/main.o: src/main.cpp
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	-c \
	$(CPP_FLAGS) \
	-Wa,-alhms="$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@)" \
	-o $@ $<

./out/arm-gcc.elf: ./src/LPC1768.ld ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./out/main.o
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	$(LINK_FLAGS) \
	-Wl,-Map="$(patsubst %.elf,%.map,$@)" \
	-T $< \
	-o $@ $(filter-out $<, $^)

# filter-out %1,%2
# filter-out 是将%2中的%1去掉

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex $@ $(patsubst .elf,.hex,$@)

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

makefile v0.8

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.8 用通配符来简化文件的编译(不用写具体的目标文件和依赖文件的名字了)，这样对于大工程，makefile就不用写的很复杂
#	v0.7 在make命令中加注释，解释用到的make内置函数的功能和用法
#	v0.6 用makefil自动变量优化编译命令, 使gcc命令行更灵活
#	v0.5 将编译选项定义为变量
#	v0.4 确认和验证是否实际目标可以写成伪目标, 答案是不能(会失去文件自动检测编译的功能，导致全部编译)
#	v0.3 声明伪目标, 加入编译目标 rebuild
#	v0.2 加入编译目标的依赖，提高编译效率
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

# 如果多个编译目标的规则都相同，可以将多个目标放在一起，用空格分开
# e.g. 
# obj1 obj2: main.cpp
# gcc -xx ...

# 在编译目标的gcc命令中使用的自动变量
# @$ 当前目标
# @< 依赖的第一个文件
# -o @$ @< # 要编译的文件比较多时, 可以代替硬编码

# c_file: src/*.c
# 如果编译目标指定的依赖不存在，makefile会报错
# 如果没有的实际目标，就不要留在makefile中

# 编译具体目标时, 不能写成伪目标，而是要直接写成真正要编译的.o目标，否则就不能检测依赖的文件变化了，而是每次都全部编译

ASM_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
	--defsym __GCC=1 \
	--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
	--defsym LPC175x_6x=1

CPP_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
	-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
	-DLPC175x_6x

LINK_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles

.PHONY: all clean rebuild

all: \
	./out/arm-gcc.elf

# 在make目标中, 可以加注释, 但是注释必须顶着行头写
	@echo build all

rebuild:
	make clean
	make

clean:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

./out/startup_lpc17xx.o: src/startup_lpc17xx.s
# patsubst 是make内置函数, 格式 patsubst %1,%2,%3
# 作用 : 将%3的内容中的%1字符串换为%2字符串
	arm-none-eabi-as \
	$(ASM_FLAGS) \
	-alhms=$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@) \
	--MD $(patsubst %.o,%.d,$@) \
	-o $@ $<

# $@ 是编译目标的名字
# $< 是依赖的第一个内容

# 如果要使用通配符, 估计得将.o生成到不同输出目录才行，否则命令目标有冲突
# e.g. *.cpp 生成到 out/cpp, *.c 生成到out/c
./out/%.o: src/%.cpp
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	-c \
	$(CPP_FLAGS) \
	-Wa,-alhms="$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@)" \
	-o $@ $<

./out/arm-gcc.elf: ./src/LPC1768.ld ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./out/main.o
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	$(LINK_FLAGS) \
	-Wl,-Map="$(patsubst %.elf,%.map,$@)" \
	-T $< \
	-o $@ $(filter-out $<, $^)

# filter-out %1,%2
# filter-out 是将%2中的%1去掉

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex $@ $(patsubst .elf,.hex,$@)

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

makefile v0.9

arm-none-eabi-objcopy 语句的字符替换手误，修正了。

bash 复制代码 
# @file makefile
# @brief 从build.bat进化出来的makefile
#	v0.9 在每个gcc命令之间加分隔行(容易看清楚每个命令的区间)
#	v0.8 用通配符来简化文件的编译(不用写具体的目标文件和依赖文件的名字了)，这样对于大工程，makefile就不用写的很复杂
#	v0.7 在make命令中加注释，解释用到的make内置函数的功能和用法
#	v0.6 用makefil自动变量优化编译命令, 使gcc命令行更灵活
#	v0.5 将编译选项定义为变量
#	v0.4 确认和验证是否实际目标可以写成伪目标, 答案是不能(会失去文件自动检测编译的功能，导致全部编译)
#	v0.3 声明伪目标, 加入编译目标 rebuild
#	v0.2 加入编译目标的依赖，提高编译效率
#	v0.1 最简单的makefile, 从.bat直接改过来

# makefile_obj : depend(可选)
#	action
# makefile_obj从行首开始
# action必须从TAB键开始
# 命令之前加@, 就关掉了echo回显

# 如果多个编译目标的规则都相同，可以将多个目标放在一起，用空格分开
# e.g. 
# obj1 obj2: main.cpp
# gcc -xx ...

# 在编译目标的gcc命令中使用的自动变量
# @$ 当前目标
# @< 依赖的第一个文件
# -o @$ @< # 要编译的文件比较多时, 可以代替硬编码

# c_file: src/*.c
# 如果编译目标指定的依赖不存在，makefile会报错
# 如果没有的实际目标，就不要留在makefile中

# 编译具体目标时, 不能写成伪目标，而是要直接写成真正要编译的.o目标，否则就不能检测依赖的文件变化了，而是每次都全部编译

ASM_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	--defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 \
	--defsym __GCC=1 \
	--defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 \
	--defsym LPC175x_6x=1

CPP_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" \
	-I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" \
	-D__UVISION_VERSION="543" \
	-D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" \
	-DLPC175x_6x

LINK_FLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles

.PHONY: all clean rebuild

all: \
	./out/arm-gcc.elf

# 在make目标中, 可以加注释, 但是注释必须顶着行头写
	@echo build all

rebuild:
	make clean
	make

clean:
	@cls

	@if not exist ".\out" mkdir ".\out"
	@if exist ".\out\*" del /q ".\out\*"

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo before build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

./out/startup_lpc17xx.o: src/startup_lpc17xx.s
# patsubst 是make内置函数, 格式 patsubst %1,%2,%3
# 作用 : 将%3的内容中的%1字符串换为%2字符串
	arm-none-eabi-as \
	$(ASM_FLAGS) \
	-alhms=$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@) \
	--MD $(patsubst %.o,%.d,$@) \
	-o $@ $<

	@echo ----------

# $@ 是编译目标的名字
# $< 是依赖的第一个内容

# 如果要使用通配符, 估计得将.o生成到不同输出目录才行，否则命令目标有冲突
# e.g. *.cpp 生成到 out/cpp, *.c 生成到out/c
./out/%.o: src/%.cpp
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	-c \
	$(CPP_FLAGS) \
	-Wa,-alhms="$(patsubst %.o,%.lst,$@)" \
	-o $@ $<

	@echo ----------

./out/arm-gcc.elf: ./src/LPC1768.ld ./out/startup_lpc17xx.o ./out/main.o
	arm-none-eabi-gcc \
	$(LINK_FLAGS) \
	-Wl,-Map="$(patsubst %.elf,%.map,$@)" \
	-T $< \
	-o $@ $(filter-out $<, $^)

	@echo ----------

# filter-out %1,%2
# filter-out 是将%2中的%1去掉

	arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex $@ $(patsubst %.elf,%.hex,$@)

	@echo ----------

	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@echo after build
	@echo ----------------------------------------
	@dir /s /b /oneg
	@echo ----------------------------------------

最终编译效果

bash 复制代码 
----------------------------------------
before build
----------------------------------------
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\doc
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\makefile
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\doc\build.bat
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src\LPC1768.ld
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src\main.cpp
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src\startup_LPC17xx.s
----------------------------------------
make[1]: Leaving directory `D:/my_dev/my_test/arm-gcc-makefile/v0.8'
make
make[1]: Entering directory `D:/my_dev/my_test/arm-gcc-makefile/v0.8'
arm-none-eabi-as \
        -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb --gdwarf-2 -mthumb-interwork -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" --defsym __UVISION_VERSION=543 --defsym __GCC=1 --defsym __GCC_VERSION=1431 --defsym LPC175x_6x=1 \
        -alhms=out/startup_lpc17xx.lst \
        --MD out/startup_lpc17xx.d \
        -o out/startup_lpc17xx.o src/startup_lpc17xx.s
----------
arm-none-eabi-gcc \
        -c \
        -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -gdwarf-2 -MMD -pedantic -O0 -mapcs-frame -mthumb-interwork -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include" -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/14.3.1/include" -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1" -I"D:/Arm GNU Toolchain arm-none-eabi/14.3 rel1/arm-none-eabi/include/c++/14.3.1/arm-none-eabi" -D__UVISION_VERSION="543" -D__GCC -D__GCC_VERSION="1431" -DLPC175x_6x \
        -Wa,-alhms="out/main.lst" \
        -o out/main.o src/main.cpp
----------
arm-none-eabi-gcc \
        -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mthumb-interwork -nostartfiles \
        -Wl,-Map="out/arm-gcc.map" \
        -T src/LPC1768.ld \
        -o out/arm-gcc.elf out/startup_lpc17xx.o out/main.o
----------
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex out/arm-gcc.elf out/arm-gcc.elf
----------
----------------------------------------
after build
----------------------------------------
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\doc
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\makefile
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\doc\build.bat
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\arm-gcc.elf
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\arm-gcc.map
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\main.d
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\main.lst
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\main.o
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\startup_lpc17xx.d
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\startup_lpc17xx.lst
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\out\startup_lpc17xx.o
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src\LPC1768.ld
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src\main.cpp
D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8\src\startup_LPC17xx.s
----------------------------------------
build all
make[1]: Leaving directory `D:/my_dev/my_test/arm-gcc-makefile/v0.8'

D:\my_dev\my_test\arm-gcc-makefile\v0.8>

备注

如果是一个复杂点的工程，可能需要多个.mk才方便编译。

可以用make -c 去到一个子目录中(那里有子模块的.mk), 编译完sub.mk, 再回到主make中。

逐个子模块的.mk都编译完。再执行link.

可以参考开源工程(e.g. Smoothieware)

备注

gnu官方的make手册(https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/), 有makefile编写的细节问题，可以去看下。

备注

makefile命令行写的灵活一些，方便扩展到其他工程用，不过也别太过了，毕竟不是经常玩makefile.

makefile优化差不多就行，免得自己以后(e.g. 1年以后?)看时，看不懂就坏了。

END

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