本文介绍了使用Java将PPT文件转换为图片的方法，支持.ppt和.pptx两种格式。通过Apache POI库处理PPT文件内容，利用Batik Rasterizer生成高质量图片。
核心实现包括：
- 1）设置字体映射和渲染参数；
- 2）按幻灯片页数循环转换；
- 3）自动裁剪图片空白边缘。
代码提供了对两种PPT格式的处理类(PptToImageUtils)和图片处理工具类(ImageUtils)，建议使用JDK11及以上版本和POI5.2.3版本以确保兼容性。该方法可批量转换PPT为PNG图片，适用于文档自动化处理场景
1. Maven引入
<!-- For .pptx files (Office 2007+) --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>5.2.3</version> </dependency> <!-- For .ppt files (Office 97-2003) --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId> <version>5.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.xmlgraphics</groupId> <artifactId>batik-rasterizer</artifactId> <version>1.14</version> </dependency>
2. 代码
2.1 PptToImageUtils
java
import cn.iocoder.yudao.module.agent.util.ppt.ImageUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hslf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.util.ZipSecureFile;
import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
@Slf4j
@Component
public class PptToImageUtils {
private static final Map<String, Font> FONT_MAP = new HashMap<>();
private static final String DEFAULT_FONT = "宋体";
static {
GraphicsEnvironment environment = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
for (Font font : environment.getAllFonts()) {
addFont(font);
}
log.info("Supporting Fonts: \n{}", StringUtils.join(FONT_MAP.keySet(), '\n'));
// 降低压缩比阈值，防止误判正常 EMF 文件
ZipSecureFile.setMinInflateRatio(0.001);
// 设置最大条目大小（100MB）
ZipSecureFile.setMaxEntrySize(100 * 1024 * 1024);
}
@SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess")
public static void addFont(Font font) {
FONT_MAP.put(font.getFamily(), font);
}
/**
* 将PPT文件转换为多张图像
*
* @param pptFile PPT文件路径
* @param outputDir 输出目录
* @return 生成的图像文件路径列表
*/
public static List<String> convertPptToImages(String pptFile, String outputDir) throws IOException {
if (pptFile.endsWith("pptx")) {
return doPptxToImages(pptFile, outputDir);
} else if (pptFile.endsWith("ppt")) {
return doPptToImages(pptFile, outputDir);
} else
return new ArrayList<>();
}
/**
* 将PPT文件转换为多张图像
*
* @param pptFile PPT文件路径
* @param outputDir 输出目录
* @return 生成的图像文件路径列表
*/
public static List<String> doPptxToImages(String pptFile, String outputDir) throws IOException {
List<String> imagePaths = new ArrayList<>();
try (FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(pptFile);
XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(is)) {
// 创建输出目录
Files.createDirectories(Paths.get(outputDir));
// 获取PPT尺寸
Dimension pageSize = ppt.getPageSize();
// 计算带边距的尺寸
int width = (int) pageSize.getWidth();
int height = (int) pageSize.getHeight();
// 设置缩放比例以提高图像质量
double scale = 2;
int scaledWidth = (int) (width * scale);
int scaledHeight = (int) (width * scale);
List<XSLFSlide> slides = ppt.getSlides();
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片:{}页开始>>>>", slides.size());
int index = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < slides.size(); i++) {
final int slideNum = index;
System.out.println("Converting slide " + slideNum + "...");
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页>>>>", i + 1);
XSLFSlide slide = slides.get(i);
fixFont(slide);
// 创建缓冲图像
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页,{}>>>>", i + 1, "创建缓冲图像开始");
BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(scaledWidth, scaledHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D graphics = img.createGraphics();
// 设置渲染提示以提高质量
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页,{}>>>>", i + 1, "设置渲染提示以提高质量开始");
graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BICUBIC);
graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
// 设置背景为白色
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页,{}>>>>", i + 1, "设置背景为白色开始");
// Color transparentColor = new Color(255, 0, 0, 0);
// graphics.setPaint(transparentColor);
graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
graphics.setPaint(Color.white);
// 禁用所有透明相关功能
graphics.setComposite(AlphaComposite.SrcOver);
graphics.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
graphics.fill(new Rectangle2D.Float(0, 0, scaledWidth, scaledHeight));
// 缩放图形上下文
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页,{}>>>>", i + 1, "缩放图形上下文开始");
graphics.scale(scale, scale);
// 绘制幻灯片
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页,{}>>>>", i + 1, "绘制幻灯片开始");
slide.draw(graphics);
// 保存图像
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页,{}>>>>", i + 1, "保存图像开始");
String outputPath = String.format("%s/slide_%03d.png", outputDir, i + 1);
ImageIO.write(img, "png", new File(outputPath));
log.info(">>>>ppt转图片第{}页:{}>>>>", i + 1, outputPath);
imagePaths.add(outputPath);
graphics.dispose();
//切掉白色空白区域
ImageUtils.imageWhiteSpace(outputPath);
}
index++;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
return imagePaths;
}
/**
* 将PPT文件转换为多张图像
*
* @param pptFile PPT文件路径
* @param outputDir 输出目录
* @return 生成的图像文件路径列表
*/
public static List<String> doPptToImages(String pptFile, String outputDir) throws IOException {
List<String> imagePaths = new ArrayList<>();
try (FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(pptFile);
HSLFSlideShow ppt = new HSLFSlideShow(is)) {
// 创建输出目录
Files.createDirectories(Paths.get(outputDir));
// 获取PPT尺寸
Dimension pageSize = ppt.getPageSize();
// 计算带边距的尺寸
// double marginWidth = pageSize.width * 20 / 100;
// double marginHeight = pageSize.height * 20 / 100;
int width = (int) pageSize.getWidth();
int height = (int) pageSize.getHeight();
// 设置缩放比例以提高图像质量
double scale = 2.0;
int scaledWidth = (int) (width * scale);
int scaledHeight = (int) (width * scale);
List<HSLFSlide> slides = ppt.getSlides();
for (int i = 0; i < slides.size(); i++) {
HSLFSlide slide = slides.get(i);
// System.out.println("页码: " + (i+1));
fixHFont(slide);
// 创建缓冲图像
BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(scaledWidth, scaledHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);
Graphics2D graphics = img.createGraphics();
// 设置渲染提示以提高质量
// graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
// graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
// graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BICUBIC);
// graphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
// 设置背景为白色
graphics.setPaint(Color.white);
graphics.fill(new Rectangle2D.Float(0, 0, scaledWidth, scaledHeight));
// 缩放图形上下文
graphics.scale(scale, scale);
// 绘制幻灯片
slide.draw(graphics);
// 保存图像
String outputPath = String.format("%s/slide_%03d.png", outputDir, i + 1);
ImageIO.write(img, "png", new File(outputPath));
imagePaths.add(outputPath);
graphics.dispose();
//切掉白色空白区域
ImageUtils.imageWhiteSpace(outputPath);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return imagePaths;
}
private static void fixFont(XSLFSlide slide) {
for (XSLFShape shape : slide.getShapes()) {
if (shape instanceof XSLFTextShape) {
for (XSLFTextParagraph p : ((XSLFTextShape) shape).getTextParagraphs()) {
for (XSLFTextRun r : p.getTextRuns()) {
r.setFontFamily(DEFAULT_FONT); // 或"WenQuanYi Zen Hei"
// if (r.getFontColor()==null)
r.setFontColor(Color.black);
}
}
}
}
}
private static void fixHFont(HSLFSlide slide) {
for (HSLFShape shape : slide.getShapes()) {
if (shape instanceof HSLFTextShape) {
for (HSLFTextParagraph p : ((HSLFTextShape) shape).getTextParagraphs()) {
for (HSLFTextRun r : p.getTextRuns()) {
r.setFontFamily(DEFAULT_FONT); // 或"WenQuanYi Zen Hei"
// if (r.getFontColor()==null)
r.setFontColor(Color.black);
}
}
} else if (shape instanceof HSLFTable) {
HSLFTable shape1 = (HSLFTable) shape;
int r = shape1.getNumberOfRows();
int c = shape1.getNumberOfColumns();
for (int i = 0; i < r; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < c; j++) {
HSLFTableCell cell = shape1.getCell(i, j);
for (HSLFTextParagraph p : cell) {
for (HSLFTextRun text : p.getTextRuns()) {
text.setFontFamily(DEFAULT_FONT); // 或"WenQuanYi Zen Hei"
// if (r.getFontColor()==null)
text.setFontColor(Color.black);
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String pptFile = "E:/文档/项目.pptx";
String outputDir = "E:/文档/temp";
List<String> imagePaths = convertPptToImages(pptFile, outputDir);
}
}2.2 ImageUtils
java
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
public class ImageUtils {
public static boolean imageWhiteSpace(String filePath) {
try {
// 读取原始图像
BufferedImage originalImage = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));
int width = originalImage.getWidth();
int height = originalImage.getHeight();
// 从底部向上扫描，检测白色区域
int whiteThreshold = 0xFFFFFF - 10; // 接近白色的阈值（允许微小差异）
int bottomBlankHeight = 0;
boolean isBlank = true;
for (int y = height - 1; y >= 0 && isBlank; y--) {
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
int pixel = originalImage.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFFFFFF;
if (pixel < whiteThreshold) {
isBlank = false;
break;
}
}
if (isBlank) {
bottomBlankHeight++;
}
}
// 计算需要裁剪的空白高度（去掉90%）
int cropHeight = (int) (bottomBlankHeight * 0.9);
int newHeight = height - cropHeight ;
// 裁剪图像（保留上方部分）
BufferedImage croppedImage = originalImage.getSubimage(0, 0, width, newHeight < 1080 ? 1080 : newHeight);
// 保存结果
ImageIO.write(croppedImage, "png", new File(filePath));
// System.out.println("下方空白区域已裁剪约90%，保存为 slide_010_cropped.png");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filePath = "E:/文档/temp/slide_005.png";
imageWhiteSpace(filePath);
}
}2.3 效果
3. 备注
Jdk 版本建议为11及以上，poi版本建议为5.2.3，其他版本有可能会造成文字缺失。