1. 安装必要依赖
# 更新系统
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
# 安装 zsh 和 git(如果尚未安装)
sudo apt install zsh git curl wget fonts-powerline -y
2. 安装 Oh My Zsh
# 1.使用 curl
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
# 2.使用 wget
sh -c "$(wget -O- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
# 3.国内镜像(如果 GitHub 访问慢)
# 使用 gitee 镜像
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh)"
# 或手动下载安装
git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh.git ~/.oh-my-zsh
cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/templates/zshrc.zsh-template ~/.zshrc
3.设置 zsh 为默认 shell
# 查看当前 shell
echo $SHELL
# 切换为 zsh(如果安装脚本没自动切换)
chsh -s $(which zsh)
# 验证是否切换成功
echo $SHELL # 应该显示 /usr/bin/zsh
# 注销并重新登录,或重启终端使更改生效。
4. 配置 Oh My Zsh
# 修改主题(推荐主题)
编辑 ~/.zshrc:
vim ~/.zshrc
# 找到 ZSH_THEME 行,修改为:
# 推荐的主题:
ZSH_THEME="agnoster" # 需要安装 powerline 字体
ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell" # 默认主题
ZSH_THEME="af-magic" # 简洁美观
ZSH_THEME="bira" # 信息丰富
ZSH_THEME="ys" # 经典简洁
# 安装 Powerline 字体(用于特殊符号)
# 下载并安装字体
sudo apt install fonts-powerline -y
# 或者手动安装 Meslo 字体(推荐给 agnoster 主题)
sudo apt install fonts-meslo -y
配置终端使用 Powerline 字体:
打开终端
菜单 → 首选项 → 文本 → 自定义字体
选择 "Meslo LG S" 或 "Ubuntu Mono derivative Powerline"
# 启用插件
# 安装常用插件
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-completions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-completions
# 编辑 ~/.zshrc 启用插件
nano ~/.zshrc
修改插件列表:
plugins=(
git
zsh-syntax-highlighting
zsh-autosuggestions
zsh-completions
sudo
extract
docker
)
# 应用配置
# 重新加载配置
source ~/.zshrc
# 或重新打开终端
6. 安装额外的主题(可选)
# Powerlevel10k(强大的主题)
git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/romkatv/powerlevel10k.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-$HOME/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/themes/powerlevel10k
# 然后在 ~/.zshrc 中设置
ZSH_THEME="powerlevel10k/powerlevel10k"