文章目录
第1个文本
原文
sys.argv in Python is a list that stores the command-line arguments passed to the script. Its behavior and content can be more sophisticated than they might initially appear.
It has a few key characteristics:
- It is a list.
- The first element, sys.argv[0], is the name of the script (the Python program file).
- The remaining elements are the arguments (parameters) passed through the command line, separated by spaces.
- All arguments are stored as strings.
语法结构详细分析
第一段
句子 1: sys.argv in Python is a list that stores the command-line arguments passed to the script.
- 主句:
sys.argv in Python is a list- 主语:
sys.argv in Python(名词短语，in Python是介词短语作后置定语，限定sys.argv) - 系动词:
is - 表语:
a list(名词短语)
- 主语:
- 定语从句:
that stores the command-line arguments passed to the script.(修饰先行词list)- 关系代词:
that(在从句中作主语) - 谓语:
stores - 宾语:
the command-line arguments(名词短语) - 后置定语:
passed to the script(过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰arguments，相当于which are passed to the script。其中to the script是介词短语作状语。)
- 关系代词:
句子 2: Its behavior and content can be more sophisticated than they might initially appear.
- 主句:
Its behavior and content can be more sophisticated- 主语:
Its behavior and content(由and连接的并列名词短语) - 谓语:
can be(情态动词 + 系动词原形) - 表语:
more sophisticated(形容词比较级短语)
- 主语:
- 比较状语从句:
than they might initially appear.- 引导词:
than - 主语:
they(指代Its behavior and content) - 谓语:
might initially appear(情态动词 + 副词 + 不及物动词，这里appear作系动词或不及物动词，意为"看起来") - 语法点: 这是一个省略了表语
sophisticated的比较从句，完整形式为than they might initially appear (sophisticated)。
- 引导词:
第二段
句子 1: It has a few key characteristics:
- 主语:
It(指代sys.argv) - 谓语:
has(及物动词) - 宾语:
a few key characteristics(名词短语)
列举项 1: It is a list.
- 这是一个简单的"主系表"结构的句子。
It是主语，is是系动词，a list是表语。
列举项 2: The first element, sys.argv[0], is the name of the script (the Python program file).
- 主语:
The first element - 同位语:
sys.argv[0](用于解释说明The first element具体是什么) - 系动词:
is - 表语:
the name of the script(名词短语) - 同位语/补充说明:
(the Python program file)(用括号括起来，对script进行进一步的解释)
列举项 3: The remaining elements are the arguments (parameters) passed through the command line, separated by spaces.
- 主语:
The remaining elements - 系动词:
are - 表语:
the arguments (parameters)(名词短语，parameters是arguments的同位语) - 后置定语 1:
passed through the command line(过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰arguments/parameters，表示"通过命令行传递的") - 后置定语 2:
, separated by spaces.(过去分词短语作后置定语，同样修饰arguments/parameters，逗号分隔表示补充说明，意为"由空格分隔的")。
列举项 4: All arguments are stored as strings.
- 主语:
All arguments - 谓语:
are stored(被动语态) - 主语补足语:
as strings(介词短语作主语补足语，补充说明主语被存储时的形式/状态)。
第2个文本
原文
The international business conference was supposed to end early tomorrow, but some deals have still not been reached today. The organizers determined those negotiations would spiral on through the next week.
语法结构详细分析
第一句：复合句 (由并列连词连接)
句子原文: The international business conference was supposed to end early tomorrow, but some deals have still been reached today.
这是一个由并列连词 but 连接的并列句，表示转折关系。
-
分句 1 (前半句):
The international business conference was supposed to end early tomorrow- 主语:
The international business conference(名词短语) - 谓语:
was supposed(被动语态，be supposed to是一个固定搭配，意为"被期望、应该") - 主语补足语/不定式短语:
to end early tomorrow(动词不定式短语，补充说明主语被期望做的事情)- 核心:
to end(不定式) - 状语:
early tomorrow(名词短语作时间状语，修饰to end)
- 核心:
- 语法点:
was supposed to...表达了一种过去未曾实现的期望或计划。
- 主语:
-
分句 2 (后半句):
but some deals have still not been reached today.- 连词:
but(表示转折) - 主语:
some deals(名词短语) - 谓语:
have not been reached(现在完成时的被动语态) - 状语:
still(副词，修饰谓语，意为"仍然") - 状语:
today(时间名词作时间状语)
- 连词:
第二句：复合句 (包含宾语从句)
句子原文: The organizers determined those negotiations would spiral on through the next week.
这是一个主从复合句，主句的谓语动词 determined 后面跟了一个宾语从句。
-
主句:
The organizers determined- 主语:
The organizers(名词) - 谓语:
determined(及物动词的过去式)
- 主语:
-
宾语从句:
(that) those negotiations would spiral on through the next week.- 引导词: 此处省略了引导宾语从句的连词
that。 - 主语:
those negotiations(名词短语) - 谓语:
would spiral(过去将来时，由would + 动词原形构成) - 状语:
on(副词，与spiral构成短语动词spiral on，意为"持续螺旋式进行/持续延长") - 状语:
through the next week(介词短语作时间状语，修饰would spiral on，意为"贯穿整个下周")
- 引导词: 此处省略了引导宾语从句的连词
第3个文本
原文
Tensions, which ran high in the region due to the local armed conflict, have caused most of the athlete delegations to leave the city and abandon their matches.
语法结构详细分析
Tensions, which ran high in the region due to the local armed conflict, have caused most of the athlete delegations to leave the city and abandon their matches.
1. 主句
- 主语:
Tensions - 谓语:
have caused(现在完成时，主动语态) - 宾语:
most of the athlete delegations(名词短语) - 宾语补足语:
to leave the city and abandon their matches(动词不定式短语，补充说明宾语delegations被促使去做的动作)to leave the city(不定式短语1)and(并列连词)(to) abandon their matches(省略了to的不定式短语2，与to leave并列)- 语法点:
cause someone to do something是固定结构，意为"导致/促使某人做某事"。当两个不定式由and连接并列时，第二个不定式的to通常可以省略。
2. 非限制性定语从句
- 先行词:
Tensions(主句的主语) - 引导词:
which(关系代词，指代Tensions，在从句中作主语) - 从句谓语:
ran(不及物动词的过去式) - 主语补足语:
high(形容词，作表语，与ran构成系表结构，描述主语的状态。run high是固定短语，意为"高涨、激化") - 状语 1:
in the region(介词短语作地点状语，修饰ran high) - 状语 2:
due to the local armed conflict(介词短语作原因状语，修饰ran high，解释紧张局势高涨的原因)
句子功能总结
- 主句 说明了结果：紧张局势 导致 了运动员代表团的离开和弃赛。
- 定语从句 说明了原因：紧张局势之所以高涨，是 由于 当地的武装冲突。