CentOS 7 安装 MySQL 8

1.先清理冲突

yum remove -y mariadb*
yum clean all

2.添加 阿里云 MySQL 8 YUM 源

## 2. 备份旧源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d.bak03
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d

# 3. 下载阿里云 CentOS7 官方源
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

# 4. 清理并重建缓存
yum clean all
yum makecache

安装 yum-utils

yum install -y yum-utils
#验证安装可用
yum-config-manager --help

3.安装

【一键执行：CentOS7 安装 MySQL 8.0（官方源，必过）】

# 1. 清理旧仓库
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql*.repo

# 2. 装官方源（不换阿里云）
rpm -Uvh --force https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

# 3. 关键：禁用掉404的 connectors/tools 仓库（只留mysql80-community）
yum-config-manager --disable mysql-connectors-community
yum-config-manager --disable mysql-tools-community
yum-config-manager --enable  mysql80-community

# 4. 清理缓存
yum clean all
yum makecache

# 5. 卸载冲突并安装
yum remove -y mariadb-libs
yum install -y mysql-community-server

4.安装报错

============================================================================================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包 (+5 依赖软件包)
升级           ( 2 依赖软件包)

总下载量：91 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密钥 ID a8d3785c: NOKEY       ] 1.3 MB/s | 5.9 MB  00:01:03 ETA 
mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(1/8): mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                        | 3.5 MB  00:00:02     
(2/8): mysql-community-common-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                | 667 kB  00:00:00     
(3/8): mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                        | 2.3 MB  00:00:01     
(4/8): mysql-community-libs-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                  | 1.5 MB  00:00:00     
(5/8): openssl-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                            | 494 kB  00:00:01     
(6/8): openssl-libs-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                       | 1.2 MB  00:00:01     
(7/8): mysql-community-client-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                |  16 MB  00:00:06     
(8/8): mysql-community-server-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                |  65 MB  00:00:18     
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                                                                                                        3.8 MB/s |  91 MB  00:00:23     
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x3A79BD29:
 用户ID     : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
 指纹       : 859b e8d7 c586 f538 430b 19c2 467b 942d 3a79 bd29
 软件包     : mysql80-community-release-el7-8.noarch (installed)
 来自       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥


mysql-community-common-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装


 失败的软件包是：mysql-community-common-8.0.45-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG  密钥配置为：file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022, file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[root@node1 ~]# rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022


#继续执行！！！！！！！！

yum install -y mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck

5.安装后续配置

5.1.初始密码查看

#报错！！！
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

#解决  彻底停掉 MySQL
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
#删掉所有坏数据（清空重来）
[root@node1 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql
#修复权限
[root@node1 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
[root@node1 ~]# chmod 755 /var/lib/mysql
#手动初始化
[root@node1 ~]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

#启动
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
# 然后查看密码
[root@node1 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2026-04-05T20:00:51.242244Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ggc:g/au<38T
[root@node1 ~]# 

5.2.修改密码&远程登录

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit;




# 允许 root 从任何 IP 连接
CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit;

5.3.配置文件my.conf

[root@node1 ~]# more /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
bind-address=0.0.0.0
#编码设置（UTF-8 永久生效）
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation_server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

5.4.其他命令

#重启
systemctl restart mysqld


#开机自启
systemctl enable mysqld