jakarta.servlet.ServletException: Handler dispatch failed: java.lang.InternalError: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1104)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903)
at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885)
at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:195)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter.doFilterInternal(CorsFilter.java:91)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceUrlEncodingFilter.doFilter(ResourceUrlEncodingFilter.java:66)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at com.alibaba.druid.support.jakarta.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:113)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.web.exchanges.servlet.HttpExchangesFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpExchangesFilter.java:88)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:65)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:138)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:156)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:70)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:109)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:138)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:156)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:70)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:463)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.lambda$doFilterInternal$0(AbstractShiroFilter.java:378)
at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:91)
at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:84)
at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:389)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:376)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:156)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.ServerHttpObservationFilter.doFilterInternal(ServerHttpObservationFilter.java:110)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:164)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:483)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:344)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:398)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:903)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1769)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1189)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:658)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:63)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:840)
Caused by: java.lang.InternalError: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.desktop/sun.font.FontManagerFactory$1.run(FontManagerFactory.java:87)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:318)
at java.desktop/sun.font.FontManagerFactory.getInstance(FontManagerFactory.java:75)
这个错误非常典型,它不是代码bug,而是服务器Linux系统缺少字体库导致的。
从堆栈信息可以看出,应用在生成验证码图片时,Java的图形库 (java.awt) 无法初始化字体系统,从而抛出了 Fontconfig head is null 的异常。
问题根源
你使用的Jeecg-Boot项目中的 RandImageUtil 工具类,依赖Java的AWT库来生成验证码图片。在Linux系统(尤其是精简的服务器或Docker容器)中,默认没有安装图形界面和相关的字体配置组件。当Java尝试调用系统字体时,找不到必要的 fontconfig 配置,因此报错。
解决方案
在你的应用服务器 (如果是Docker容器,则需要在Dockerfile中执行)上,根据你的操作系统类型,安装 fontconfig 和必要的字体包,并刷新字体缓存。
1. 对于 CentOS / RedHat / Rocky Linux 系统
使用 yum 包管理器安装 fontconfig 和 dejavu 等标准字体库。
# 安装 fontconfig 和标准字体
sudo yum install -y fontconfig dejavu-sans-fonts
# 刷新字体缓存
sudo fc-cache -fv
对于 Ubuntu / Debian 系统
使用 apt 包管理器进行安装。
# 更新包列表并安装 fontconfig 和自由字体
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y fontconfig fonts-liberation
# 刷新字体缓存
sudo fc-cache -fv
3. 验证修复
执行以下命令检查字体是否安装成功。如果能看到一长串字体列表输出,说明环境已准备就绪。
fc-list
4. 重启应用
完成安装后,必须重启你的Java应用(重启Spring Boot服务),新配置才会生效。