1、环境准备
--下载安装包：
https://github.com/laurenz/oracle_fdw/releases
--下载安装oracle client：
oracle-instantclient12.2-basic-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient12.2-devel-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient12.2-odbc-12.2.0.1.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient12.2-sqlplus-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
--编辑pg环境变量，添加oracle lib变量
postgres@pg117 ~]$ cat ~/.bash_profile
.bash_profile
Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=PATH:HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export PGHOME=/postgresql/pg18
export PGDATA=/postgresql/pgdata
export PATH=PGHOME/bin:PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=PGHOME/lib:/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib:LD_LIBRARY_PATH
2、编译安装oracle_fdw
postgres@pg117 soft\]$ tar zxvf oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0.tar.gz oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/ oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/.gitignore oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/CHANGELOG oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/LICENSE oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/Makefile oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/README.md oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/README.oracle_fdw oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/TODO oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/expected/ oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/expected/oracle_fdw.out oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/expected/oracle_gis.out oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/expected/oracle_import.out oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/expected/oracle_join.out oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/msvc/ oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/msvc/oracle_fdw.props oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/msvc/oracle_fdw.sln oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/msvc/oracle_fdw.vcxproj oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/msvc/oracle_msvc.c oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_fdw--1.0--1.1.sql oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_fdw--1.1--1.2.sql oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_fdw--1.2.sql oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_fdw.c oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_fdw.control oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_fdw.h oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_gis.c oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/oracle_utils.c oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/sql/ oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/sql/oracle_fdw.sql oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/sql/oracle_gis.sql oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/sql/oracle_import.sql oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/sql/oracle_join.sql \[postgres@pg117 soft\]$ cd oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0/ \[postgres@pg117 oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0\]$ ll total 488 -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 29202 May 10 2025 CHANGELOG drwxrwxr-x 2 postgres postgres 98 May 10 2025 expected -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 1059 May 10 2025 LICENSE -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 1475 May 10 2025 Makefile drwxrwxr-x 2 postgres postgres 99 May 10 2025 msvc -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 231 May 10 2025 oracle_fdw--1.0--1.1.sql -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 240 May 10 2025 oracle_fdw--1.1--1.2.sql -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 1244 May 10 2025 oracle_fdw--1.2.sql -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 228036 May 10 2025 oracle_fdw.c -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 133 May 10 2025 oracle_fdw.control -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 9168 May 10 2025 oracle_fdw.h -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 44511 May 10 2025 oracle_gis.c -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 104895 May 10 2025 oracle_utils.c lrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres 17 May 10 2025 README.md -\> README.oracle_fdw -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 44318 May 10 2025 README.oracle_fdw drwxrwxr-x 2 postgres postgres 98 May 10 2025 sql -rw-rw-r-- 1 postgres postgres 948 May 10 2025 TODO \[postgres@pg117 oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0\]$ make gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -fvisibility=hidden -I"/sdk/include" -I"/oci/include" -I"/rdbms/public" -I"/" -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client64 -I. -I./ -I/postgresql/pg18/include/server -I/postgresql/pg18/include/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/include/libxml2 -c -o oracle_fdw.o oracle_fdw.c gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -fvisibility=hidden -I"/sdk/include" -I"/oci/include" -I"/rdbms/public" -I"/" -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client64 -I. -I./ -I/postgresql/pg18/include/server -I/postgresql/pg18/include/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/include/libxml2 -c -o oracle_utils.o oracle_utils.c gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -fvisibility=hidden -I"/sdk/include" -I"/oci/include" -I"/rdbms/public" -I"/" -I/usr/include/oracle/12.2/client64 -I. -I./ -I/postgresql/pg18/include/server -I/postgresql/pg18/include/internal -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/include/libxml2 -c -o oracle_gis.o oracle_gis.c gcc -std=gnu99 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -O2 -fPIC -fvisibility=hidden -shared -o oracle_fdw.so oracle_fdw.o oracle_utils.o oracle_gis.o -L/postgresql/pg18/lib -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/postgresql/pg18/lib',--enable-new-dtags -fvisibility=hidden -L"/" -L"/bin" -L"/lib" -L"/lib/amd64" -L/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib -lclntsh \[postgres@pg117 oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0\]$ make install /bin/mkdir -p '/postgresql/pg18/lib' /bin/mkdir -p '/postgresql/pg18/share/extension' /bin/mkdir -p '/postgresql/pg18/share/extension' /bin/mkdir -p '/postgresql/pg18/share/doc/extension' /bin/install -c -m 755 oracle_fdw.so '/postgresql/pg18/lib/oracle_fdw.so' /bin/install -c -m 644 .//oracle_fdw.control '/postgresql/pg18/share/extension/' /bin/install -c -m 644 .//oracle_fdw--1.2.sql .//oracle_fdw--1.0--1.1.sql .//oracle_fdw--1.1--1.2.sql '/postgresql/pg18/share/extension/' /bin/install -c -m 644 .//README.oracle_fdw '/postgresql/pg18/share/doc/extension/' --编译完登录数据库安装extension可能会无法识别lib，重启一下pg数据库即可。 \[postgres@pg117 oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0\]$ psql psql (18.3) Type "help" for help. postgres=# create extension oracle_fdw; ERROR: could not load library "/postgresql/pg18/lib/oracle_fdw.so": libclntsh.so.12.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory CONTEXT: SQL statement "CREATE FUNCTION oracle_fdw_handler() RETURNS fdw_handler AS '$libdir/oracle_fdw' LANGUAGE C STRICT" extension script file "oracle_fdw--1.2.sql", near line 1 postgres=# \\q \[postgres@pg117 oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0\]$ pg_ctl restart waiting for server to shut down..... done server stopped waiting for server to start....2026-05-26 09:49:00.682 CST \[27552\] LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process 2026-05-26 09:49:00.682 CST \[27552\] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "log". done server started 重新创建extension \[postgres@pg117 oracle_fdw-ORACLE_FDW_2_8_0\]$ psql psql (18.3) Type "help" for help. postgres=# create extension oracle_fdw ; CREATE EXTENSION postgres=# \\dx List of installed extensions Name \| Version \| Default version \| Schema \| Description --------------------+---------+-----------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle_fdw \| 1.2 \| 1.2 \| public \| foreign data wrapper for Oracle access pg_stat_statements \| 1.12 \| 1.12 \| public \| track planning and execution statistics of all SQL statements executed plpgsql \| 1.0 \| 1.0 \| pg_catalog \| PL/pgSQL procedural language (3 rows) postgres=# SELECT oracle_diag(); oracle_diag ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle_fdw 2.8.0, PostgreSQL 18.3, Oracle client 12.2.0.1.0, ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib (1 row) 3、配置fdw --创建外部服务器 postgres=# create server oratest_fdw foreign data wrapper oracle_fdw options(dbserver '192.192.103.111:1521/oratest'); CREATE SERVER --授权使用的用户 postgres=# grant usage on foreign server oratest_fdw to postgres; GRANT --创建用户映射,连接oracle的凭证 postgres=# create user mapping for postgres server oratest_fdw options (user 'hr',password 'hr'); CREATE USER MAPPING --创建外部表 postgres=# create foreign table fdw_t1(name varchar(100),amount numeric(12),update_time timestamp(6) server oratest_fdw options (schema 'HR',table 'T1',readonly 'false'); CREATE FOREIGN TABLE postgres=# \\d List of relations Schema \| Name \| Type \| Owner --------+-------------------------+---------------+---------- public \| fdw_t1 \| foreign table \| postgres public \| pg_stat_statements \| view \| postgres public \| pg_stat_statements_info \| view \| postgres (3 rows) postgres=# select \* from fdw_t1; name \| amount \| update_time -------+--------+--------------------- B \| 88888 \| 2026-05-11 16:53:28 c \| 222 \| 2026-05-11 17:02:43 d \| 777 \| 2026-05-11 17:37:02 aaaaa \| 99 \| 2026-05-12 09:27:24 (4 rows) #支持一键导入所有表、视图和物化视图 postgres=# IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA "HR" FROM SERVER oratest_fdw INTO public OPTIONS (case 'lower'); IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA postgres=# \\d List of relations Schema \| Name \| Type \| Owner --------+-------------------------+---------------+---------- public \| all_case_info \| foreign table \| postgres public \| countries \| foreign table \| postgres public \| departments \| foreign table \| postgres public \| emp_details_view \| foreign table \| postgres public \| employees \| foreign table \| postgres public \| fdw_t1 \| foreign table \| postgres public \| job_history \| foreign table \| postgres public \| jobs \| foreign table \| postgres public \| locations \| foreign table \| postgres public \| pg_stat_statements \| view \| postgres public \| pg_stat_statements_info \| view \| postgres public \| regions \| foreign table \| postgres public \| t1 \| foreign table \| postgres public \| t11 \| foreign table \| postgres public \| t_time \| foreign table \| postgres (15 rows) #其他运维 --查看所有映射表 postgres=# select \* from pg_foreign_table ; ftrelid \| ftserver \| ftoptions ---------+----------+------------------------------------- 17232 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=T1,readonly=false} 17286 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=ALL_CASE_INFO} 17290 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=COUNTRIES} 17294 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=DEPARTMENTS} 17299 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=EMPLOYEES} 17307 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=EMP_DETAILS_VIEW} 17316 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=JOBS} 17321 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=JOB_HISTORY} 17328 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=LOCATIONS} 17333 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=REGIONS} 17337 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=T1} 17340 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=T11} 17343 \| 17227 \| {schema=HR,table=T_TIME} (13 rows) --查看已创建的oracle链接 postgres=# SELECT \* from pg_user_mappings; umid \| srvid \| srvname \| umuser \| usename \| umoptions -------+-------+-------------+--------+----------+----------------------- 17228 \| 17227 \| oratest_fdw \| 10 \| postgres \| {user=hr,password=hr} (1 row) -- 删除创建的对象 drop foreign table fdw_t1; drop user mapping for postgres server oratest_fdw; drop server oratest_fdw; --查看server对象 postgres=# SELECT \* FROM pg_foreign_server; oid \| srvname \| srvowner \| srvfdw \| srvtype \| srvversion \| srvacl \| srvoptions -------+-------------+----------+--------+---------+------------+-----------------------+----------------------------------------- 17227 \| oratest_fdw \| 10 \| 17226 \| \| \| {postgres=U/postgres} \| {dbserver=192.192.103.111:1521/oratest} (1 row) --修改IP或端口 alter server oratest_fdw options(set dbserver '192.168.6.10:1521/oradb'); --修改连接用户密码 alter user mapping for postgres server ora_fdw options (set user 'user',set password '\*\*'); --创建外部表的三种映射方式 --- 简单映射 CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ora_employees ( emp_id integer OPTIONS (key 'true'), emp_name varchar(100), hire_date timestamp, salary numeric(10,2) ) SERVER oratest_fdw OPTIONS (schema 'HR', table 'EMPLOYEES'); --- 选择性列映射 CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ora_dept ( dept_id integer, dept_name varchar(50) ) SERVER oratest_fdw OPTIONS ( schema 'HR', table 'DEPARTMENTS', only_cols 'dept_id, dept_name' ); --- 表分区映射 CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ora_sales_part ( sale_id integer, sale_date date, amount numeric ) SERVER oratest_fdw OPTIONS ( schema 'SH', table 'SALES', partition 'SALES_Q1_2023' );