达梦数据库常用语句示例

达梦disql执行动态脚本卸数

一行命令完成查询并保存

disql SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 << EOF > a.txt
set heading off feedback off pagesize 0 linesize 1000 trimspool on
SELECT * FROM dual;
exit
EOF

达梦密码带特殊字符

disql SYSDBA/\"Sys@123456!\"@localhost:5236

带参数的脚本

#!/bin/bash

# 参数处理
if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
    echo "用法: $0 <用户名> <密码> <SQL查询>"
    echo "示例: $0 SYSDBA SYSDBA 'SELECT * FROM dual'"
    exit 1
fi

USER=$1
PASSWORD=$2
QUERY=$3
OUTPUT_FILE="a.txt"

# 执行查询
disql ${USER}/${PASSWORD}@localhost:5236 << EOF
set heading off feedback off pagesize 0 linesize 1000
spool ${OUTPUT_FILE}
${QUERY}
spool off
exit
EOF

# 检查是否成功
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "查询执行成功，结果保存在 ${OUTPUT_FILE}"
    echo "文件内容:"
    cat ${OUTPUT_FILE}
else
    echo "查询执行失败"
    exit 1
fi

使用配置文件方式

#!/bin/bash

# 读取配置文件
source db_config.conf

# 执行多个查询并保存到不同文件
disql ${DB_USER}/${DB_PASSWORD}@${DB_HOST}:${DB_PORT} << EOF
set echo off heading off feedback off pagesize 0 linesize 1000

-- 保存表数量统计到 a.txt
spool a.txt
SELECT '总表数: ' || COUNT(*) FROM user_tables;
spool off

-- 保存表清单到 b.txt
spool b.txt
SELECT table_name FROM user_tables ORDER BY table_name;
spool off

exit
EOF

高级用法：格式化输出

#!/bin/bash

disql SYSDBA/SYSDBA@localhost:5236 << EOF
set colsep '|'           -- 列分隔符
set trimspool on
set linesize 1000
set pagesize 20

-- 保存格式化的查询结果
spool a.txt

COLUMN user_id FORMAT 99999
COLUMN user_name FORMAT A20
COLUMN create_time FORMAT A20

SELECT 
    user_id,
    user_name,
    TO_CHAR(create_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') as create_time
FROM 
    users
WHERE 
    rownum <= 10;

spool off
exit
EOF

达梦数据库常用语句示例

终端登录

# 直接登录数据库
disql username/password[@ip][:port]
#如
disql SYSDBA/SYSDBA

#进入交互式终端后登录
/disql /nolog
conn 用户名/密码@IP:端口
#或
connect 用户名/密码@IP:端口

# 查看数据库信息
desc v$database;

客户端

客户端执行脚本文件，打开查询如下格式执行

`D:\init.sql

schema/database

database

#查看版本
select * from  v$version;--DM7
select id_code();--DM8
#查看时间
select now();
#查询授权信息
select * from  v$license;
#查询服务器信息
select * from  V$SYSTEMINFO;
#切换schema
ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA=模式名;
或
SET SCHEMA 模式名;

#查询所有表
SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM USER_TABLES;
SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM ALL_TABLES;
SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM DBA_TABLES;

#查看数据库服务器配置参数
select * from  v$dm_ini;

#查看数据库的配置端口
select para_name,para_value from v$dm_ini where para_name like '%PORT%';

#查看达梦数据库库名
select name,create_time from v$database;

#查看达梦数据库实例名及状态
select name,instance_name,start_time,status$ from v$instance;

#查看字符集
--达梦 字符集（0 表示 GB18030，1 表示 UTF-8，2 表示 EUC-KR）
 select UNICODE ();或 select SF_GET_UNICODE_FLAG();

#查看大小写敏感
--大小敏感（1为大小写敏感，0为大小写不敏感）
SELECT SF_GET_CASE_SENSITIVE_FLAG();
或
SELECT CASE_SENSITIVE()

#VARCHAR类型长度是否以字符为单位
--VARCHAR类型长度是否以字符为单位，（0否，1是）
Select SF_GET_LENGTH_IN_CHAR();

#数据页大小 
SELECT SF_GET_PAGE_SIZE();  /* 32768/1024=32KB */
#或
SELECT CAST(PAGE()/1024 AS VARCHAR);

#查询簇大小
SELECT SF_GET_EXTENT_SIZE();

SCHEMA

#创建schema（注意输入/作为结束标记）
create schema MY_SCHEMA;
/

-- 查询模式下所有表
SELECT table_name FROM all_tables WHERE owner = 'MY_SCHEMA';
-- 查询模式下所有视图
SELECT view_name FROM all_views WHERE owner = 'MY_SCHEMA';
-- 查询模式下所有存储过程
SELECT object_name FROM all_procedures WHERE owner = 'MY_SCHEMA';

#删除schema
DROP SCHEMA MY_SCHEMA CASCADE;

表空间

# 创建表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE DMTEST DATAFILE 'DMTEST_DATA01.dbf' SIZE 10240;
# 创建索引表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE DMTEST_IDX DATAFILE 'DMTEST_IDX01.dbf' SIZE 2048;
CREATE USER "DMTEST" IDENTIFIED BY "DMTEST@123" DEFAULT TABLESPACE "DMTEST" DEFAULT INDEX TABLESPACE "DMTEST_IDX";

表相关操作

#创建表
CREATE TABLE t_1( id varchar(20) );
#查询表
SELECT * FROM t_1;
#数据插入
INSERT INTO T_1 VALUES('AAA');
insert into "DMTEST"."TEST"("ID", "NAME") VALUES('10001', '张三0001');
#删除数据
#删除记录
select * from "DMTEST"."TEST" where id = 1
#清空表
DROP TABLE t_1;
TRUNCATE TABLE "DMTEST"."TEST"

存储过程

基本结构

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE <过程名>
[
<参数名> <参数模式> <数据类型> [DEFAULT <默认值>],
...
]
AS | IS
[<声明部分：变量、常量、游标等>]
BEGIN
<执行部分：SQL语句、流程控制等>
[EXCEPTION
<异常处理部分>]
END [<过程名>];
/

其中：

参数模式：IN（输入，默认），OUT（输出），IN OUT（输入输出）。

执行：EXECUTE <过程名>(<参数值>);或CALL <过程名>(<参数值>);

修改：使用CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE重新定义。

删除：DROP PROCEDURE proc_name;

查看：查询USER_SOURCE视图查看源代码：

简单示例

创建一个存储过程，用于给指定员工涨薪。

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE raise_salary (
in_emp_id IN NUMBER,
in_raise_pct IN NUMBER DEFAULT 0.05
)
AS
v_current_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- 查询当前薪水
SELECT salary INTO v_current_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = in_emp_id;

-- 更新薪水
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * (1 + in_raise_pct)
WHERE employee_id = in_emp_id;

-- 提交事务（注意：也可以在调用端提交）
COMMIT;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || in_emp_id || ' salary raised from ' || v_current_salary || ' to ' || (v_current_salary * (1 + in_raise_pct)));
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID ' || in_emp_id || ' not found.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
ROLLBACK;
END raise_salary;
/

dmfldr卸数示例

dmfldr userid=DMTEST/DMTEST1234@192.168.0.35:30236 LOB_AS_VARCHAR=TRUE control=\'/user/data/nfs/app/netty/work/dataex/DM_ARGODB_TEST/20241028/TEST.txt.export.sql\'  mode=\'out\' character_code=\'utf-8\'

ctl文件示例

LOAD DATA
INFILE '/user/data/nfs/app/netty/work/dataex/DM_ARGODB_TEST/20241028/TEST.txt'
INTO TABLE DMTEST.TEST
FIELDS ','
(
  ID
  ,NAME
)

常用系统函数

时间类

函数	时区	包含时间	建议场景
SYSDATE	数据库服务器时区	是	需要数据库服务器时间
CURRENT_DATE	会话时区	是	需要客户端本地时间
SYSTIMESTAMP	数据库服务器时区	是，带小数秒	需要精确时间戳

-- 使用SYSDATE获取数据库服务器时间
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'yyyyMMdd') FROM dual;
-- 使用CURRENT_DATE获取会话时区时间
SELECT TO_CHAR(CURRENT_DATE, 'yyyyMMdd') FROM dual;
-- 使用SYSTIMESTAMP获取带时区的服务器时间
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSTIMESTAMP, 'yyyyMMdd') FROM dual;
-- 获取前一天的日期
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE - 1, 'yyyyMMdd') as yesterday FROM dual;
-- 获取明天日期
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE + 1, 'yyyyMMdd') as tomorrow FROM dual;
-- 获取月初第一天
SELECT TO_CHAR(TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'MM'), 'yyyyMMdd') as month_first FROM dual;
-- 获取月末最后一天
SELECT TO_CHAR(LAST_DAY(SYSDATE), 'yyyyMMdd') as month_last FROM dual;
-- 获取上个月同一天
SELECT TO_CHAR(ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE, -1), 'yyyyMMdd') as last_month_same_day FROM dual;
-- 分隔符会原样显示
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'yyyy-mm-dd') FROM dual;  -- 输出：2023-02-15
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'yyyy/mm/dd') FROM dual;  -- 输出：2023/02/15
-- 获取带时间的格式
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'yyyymmdd hh24miss') FROM dual;  -- 24小时制：20230215 143025
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'yyyymmdd hhmiss') FROM dual;    -- 12小时制：20230215 023025PM

子查询

基础子查询

-- 查询每个部门的最高薪员工
SELECT * FROM employees e1
WHERE e1.salary = (
    SELECT MAX(e2.salary)
    FROM employees e2
    WHERE e2.department_id = e1.department_id
);

####多行子查询（IN）

-- 查询经理管理的员工
SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE manager_id IN (
    SELECT employee_id FROM employees WHERE job_title = 'Manager'
);

使用内联视图（Inline View）

-- 查询每个部门的平均工资及部门信息
SELECT d.department_name, e.dept_avg_salary
FROM departments d
JOIN (
    SELECT 
        department_id,
        ROUND(AVG(salary), 2) as dept_avg_salary,
        COUNT(*) as emp_count
    FROM employees
    GROUP BY department_id
) e ON d.department_id = e.department_id
WHERE e.emp_count > 5
ORDER BY e.dept_avg_salary DESC;

使用WITH子句（CTE - 公用表表达式）

-- 查询每个部门工资排名前三的员工
WITH dept_emp_rank AS (
    SELECT 
        employee_id,
        first_name,
        last_name,
        department_id,
        salary,
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
            PARTITION BY department_id 
            ORDER BY salary DESC
        ) as salary_rank
    FROM employees
)
SELECT * FROM dept_emp_rank
WHERE salary_rank <= 3
ORDER BY department_id, salary_rank;

复杂多层嵌套示例

-- 查询各部门平均工资，然后找出高于公司平均工资的部门
SELECT 
    dept_avg.department_id,
    d.department_name,
    dept_avg.avg_salary
FROM (
    -- 第二层：计算公司平均工资
    SELECT 
        department_id,
        ROUND(AVG(salary), 2) as avg_salary,
        (SELECT ROUND(AVG(salary), 2) FROM employees) as company_avg
    FROM employees
    GROUP BY department_id
    HAVING AVG(salary) > (SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees)
) dept_avg
JOIN departments d ON dept_avg.department_id = d.department_id
ORDER BY dept_avg.avg_salary DESC;

多表关联+多层查询

-- 查询每个地区销售额前三的产品
WITH region_sales AS (
    SELECT 
        r.region_name,
        p.product_name,
        SUM(s.sale_amount) as total_sales,
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
            PARTITION BY r.region_id 
            ORDER BY SUM(s.sale_amount) DESC
        ) as sales_rank
    FROM sales s
    JOIN products p ON s.product_id = p.product_id
    JOIN customers c ON s.customer_id = c.customer_id
    JOIN regions r ON c.region_id = r.region_id
    WHERE s.sale_date >= ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE, -12)  -- 最近一年
    GROUP BY r.region_id, r.region_name, p.product_id, p.product_name
)
SELECT 
    region_name,
    product_name,
    total_sales,
    sales_rank
FROM region_sales
WHERE sales_rank <= 3
ORDER BY region_name, sales_rank;

递归查询示例

-- 查询员工的管理层级（从CEO到普通员工）
WITH emp_hierarchy AS (
    -- 初始查询：找到CEO（没有经理的员工）
    SELECT 
        employee_id,
        first_name,
        last_name,
        manager_id,
        1 as level,
        CAST(first_name || ' ' || last_name AS VARCHAR2(200)) as path
    FROM employees
    WHERE manager_id IS NULL
    
    UNION ALL
    
    -- 递归查询：逐级向下查找
    SELECT 
        e.employee_id,
        e.first_name,
        e.last_name,
        e.manager_id,
        eh.level + 1,
        eh.path || ' -> ' || e.first_name || ' ' || e.last_name
    FROM employees e
    JOIN emp_hierarchy eh ON e.manager_id = eh.employee_id
)
SELECT * FROM emp_hierarchy
ORDER BY level, employee_id;

LATERAL内联视图（Oracle 12c+）

-- 查询每个部门及其最高薪的3名员工
SELECT 
    d.department_name,
    e.employee_name,
    e.salary
FROM departments d
CROSS JOIN LATERAL (
    SELECT 
        first_name || ' ' || last_name as employee_name,
        salary
    FROM employees e
    WHERE e.department_id = d.department_id
    ORDER BY salary DESC
    FETCH FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY
) e
ORDER BY d.department_name, e.salary DESC;

使用临时表的场景

-- 步骤1：创建临时表（会话级）
CREATE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE temp_dept_stats
ON COMMIT PRESERVE ROWS AS
SELECT 
    department_id,
    COUNT(*) as emp_count,
    AVG(salary) as avg_salary,
    SUM(salary) as total_salary
FROM employees
GROUP BY department_id;

-- 步骤2：使用临时表进行复杂查询
SELECT 
    d.department_name,
    t.emp_count,
    ROUND(t.avg_salary, 2) as avg_salary,
    t.total_salary,
    CASE 
        WHEN t.avg_salary > (SELECT AVG(avg_salary) FROM temp_dept_stats) 
        THEN '高于平均'
        ELSE '低于平均'
    END as salary_status
FROM temp_dept_stats t
JOIN departments d ON t.department_id = d.department_id
ORDER BY t.avg_salary DESC;

-- 步骤3：清理临时表（会话结束时自动清除）
-- TRUNCATE TABLE temp_dept_stats;  -- 如需手动清理

结合分析函数的复杂查询

-- 查询每月销售额及环比增长率
WITH monthly_sales AS (
    SELECT 
        TO_CHAR(sale_date, 'YYYY-MM') as sale_month,
        SUM(sale_amount) as total_sales,
        LAG(SUM(sale_amount)) OVER (ORDER BY TO_CHAR(sale_date, 'YYYY-MM')) as prev_month_sales
    FROM sales
    WHERE sale_date >= ADD_MONTHS(TRUNC(SYSDATE, 'MM'), -12)
    GROUP BY TO_CHAR(sale_date, 'YYYY-MM')
)
SELECT 
    sale_month,
    total_sales,
    prev_month_sales,
    ROUND(
        (total_sales - prev_month_sales) / 
        NULLIF(prev_month_sales, 0) * 100, 
        2
    ) as growth_rate_percent
FROM monthly_sales
ORDER BY sale_month;

PIVOT转换+多层查询

-- 将行转列：查询每个部门每季度的销售总额
WITH quarterly_sales AS (
    SELECT 
        department_id,
        TO_CHAR(sale_date, 'Q') as quarter,
        SUM(sale_amount) as sales_total
    FROM sales s
    JOIN employees e ON s.salesperson_id = e.employee_id
    WHERE EXTRACT(YEAR FROM sale_date) = EXTRACT(YEAR FROM SYSDATE)
    GROUP BY department_id, TO_CHAR(sale_date, 'Q')
)
SELECT * FROM (
    SELECT department_id, quarter, sales_total
    FROM quarterly_sales
)
PIVOT (
    SUM(sales_total)
    FOR quarter IN ('1' as Q1, '2' as Q2, '3' as Q3, '4' as Q4)
)
ORDER BY department_id;

使用WITH子句提高可读性：

WITH 
emp_data AS (
    SELECT 
        employee_id,
        first_name,
        last_name,
        department_id,
        salary,
        hire_date
    FROM employees
    WHERE status = 'ACTIVE'
),
dept_data AS (
    SELECT 
        department_id,
        department_name,
        manager_id
    FROM departments
    WHERE location_id = 1700
),
emp_dept_join AS (
    SELECT 
        e.employee_id,
        e.first_name || ' ' || e.last_name as full_name,
        e.salary,
        d.department_name,
        e.hire_date,
        ROUND(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE, e.hire_date) / 12, 1) as years_of_service
    FROM emp_data e
    JOIN dept_data d ON e.department_id = d.department_id
)
SELECT 
    department_name,
    COUNT(*) as employee_count,
    ROUND(AVG(salary), 2) as avg_salary,
    ROUND(AVG(years_of_service), 1) as avg_service_years
FROM emp_dept_join
GROUP BY department_name
HAVING COUNT(*) >= 3
ORDER BY avg_salary DESC;

使用EXISTS代替IN（特别是对于大表）：

-- 不好的写法
SELECT * FROM orders 
WHERE customer_id IN (
    SELECT customer_id FROM customers WHERE status = 'VIP'
);

-- 更好的写法
SELECT * FROM orders o
WHERE EXISTS (
    SELECT 1 FROM customers c
    WHERE c.customer_id = o.customer_id
    AND c.status = 'VIP'
);

避免在WHERE子句中对派生表列使用函数

-- 不好的写法
SELECT * FROM (
    SELECT UPPER(product_name) as upper_name, price
    FROM products
) WHERE upper_name LIKE '%COMPUTER%';

-- 更好的写法
SELECT * FROM (
    SELECT product_name, price
    FROM products
    WHERE UPPER(product_name) LIKE '%COMPUTER%'
);

实际业务场景示例

-- 电商场景：查询每个客户最近3次订单及平均订单金额
WITH customer_orders AS (
    SELECT 
        customer_id,
        order_id,
        order_date,
        order_amount,
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
            PARTITION BY customer_id 
            ORDER BY order_date DESC
        ) as order_seq
    FROM orders
    WHERE order_status = 'COMPLETED'
),
customer_stats AS (
    SELECT 
        customer_id,
        COUNT(*) as total_orders,
        ROUND(AVG(order_amount), 2) as avg_order_amount,
        SUM(order_amount) as total_spent
    FROM orders
    WHERE order_status = 'COMPLETED'
    GROUP BY customer_id
    HAVING COUNT(*) >= 3
)
SELECT 
    c.customer_name,
    c.email,
    cs.total_orders,
    cs.avg_order_amount,
    cs.total_spent,
    co1.order_date as last_order_date,
    co1.order_amount as last_order_amount,
    co2.order_date as second_last_order_date,
    co2.order_amount as second_last_order_amount
FROM customers c
JOIN customer_stats cs ON c.customer_id = cs.customer_id
LEFT JOIN customer_orders co1 ON c.customer_id = co1.customer_id AND co1.order_seq = 1
LEFT JOIN customer_orders co2 ON c.customer_id = co2.customer_id AND co2.order_seq = 2
WHERE cs.total_spent > 1000
ORDER BY cs.total_spent DESC;

授权

达梦采用的是角色授权，然后用户分配角色的机制

# 创建角色
CREATE ROLE myschema_role1;

# 角色授权
grant create table to myschema_role1;
grant INSERT ANY TABLE  to myschema_role1;

# 角色授权给用户
GRANT myschema_role1 TO DMTEST;

# 直接给用户授权
grant create table to DMTEST;

# 没有[SYSOBJECTS]对象的查询权限
GRANT soi TO 用户名;
# 没有[DBA_OBJECTS]对象的查询权限
GRANT SELECT ON DBA_OBJECTS TO 用户名;

# 权限回收
revoke dba  FROM  SCHEDULE;

# 查看权限
SELECT * FROM session_roles;
SELECT * FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE PRIVILEGE LIKE '%TABLE%';

参考手册： https://eco.dameng.com/document/dm/zh-cn/pm/definition-statement.html

权限类型

权限值1	权限值2	权限值3	权限值4
CREATE SESSION	ADMIN ANY DATABASE PRIVILEGE	UPDATE ANY VIEW	ALTER ANY CONTEXT INDEX
CREATE TABLE	GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE	DELETE VIEW	DROP ANY CONTEXT INDEX
ALTER DATABASE	CREATE ANY SCHEMA	DELETE ANY VIEW	CREATE ANY PACKAGE
RESTORE DATABASE	DROP ANY SCHEMA	SELECT VIEW	DROP ANY PACKAGE
CREATE USER	CREATE ANY TABLE	SELECT ANY VIEW	EXECUTE PACKAGE
ALTER USER	ALTER ANY TABLE	GRANT VIEW	EXECUTE ANY PACKAGE
DROP USER	DROP ANY TABLE	GRANT ANY VIEW	GRANT PACKAGE
CREATE ROLE	INSERT TABLE	CREATE ANY PROCEDURE	GRANT ANY PACKAGE
CREATE SCHEMA	INSERT ANY TABLE	DROP ANY PROCEDURE	CREATE ANY LINK
CREATE VIEW	UPDATE TABLE	EXECUTE PROCEDURE	DROP ANY LINK
CREATE PROCEDURE	UPDATE ANY TABLE	EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE	CREATE ANY SYNONYM
CREATE SEQUENCE	DELETE TABLE	GRANT PROCEDURE	DROP ANY SYNONYM
CREATE TRIGGER	DELETE ANY TABLE	GRANT ANY PROCEDURE	DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM
CREATE INDEX	SELECT TABLE	CREATE ANY SEQUENCE	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY
CREATE CONTEXT INDEX	SELECT ANY TABLE	DROP ANY SEQUENCE	ADMIN REPLAY
BACKUP DATABASE	REFERENCES TABLE	SELECT SEQUENCE	ADMIN BUFFER
CREATE LINK	REFERENCES ANY TABLE	SELECT ANY SEQUENCE	CREATE TABLESPACE
CREATE REPLICATE	GRANT TABLE	GRANT SEQUENCE	ALTER TABLESPACE
CREATE PACKAGE	GRANT ANY TABLE	GRANT ANY SEQUENCE	DROP TABLESPACE
CREATE SYNONYM	CREATE ANY VIEW	CREATE ANY TRIGGER	ALTER ANY TRIGGER
CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM	ALTER ANY VIEW	DROP ANY TRIGGER	CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
ALTER REPLICATE	DROP ANY VIEW	CREATE ANY INDEX	CREATE ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW
DROP REPLICATE	INSERT VIEW	ALTER ANY INDEX	DROP ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW
DROP ROLE	INSERT ANY VIEW	DROP ANY INDEX	ALTER ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW
ADMIN ANY ROLE	UPDATE VIEW	CREATE ANY CONTEXT INDEX	SELECT MATERIALIZED VIEW

授权权限参考

被授权角色	权限值	系统授权（admin option)	被授权角色	权限值	系统授权（admin option)
SYS	CREATE SESSION	YES	DBA	ALTER ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO
SYSDBA	CREATE SESSION	YES	DBA	SELECT MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO
SYSAUDITOR	CREATE SESSION	YES	DBA	SELECT ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO
SYSSSO	CREATE SESSION	YES	DBA	CREATE ANY DOMAIN	NO
SYSREP	CREATE SESSION	NO	DBA	DROP ANY DOMAIN	NO
DMTEST	CREATE TABLE	NO	DBA	CREATE DOMAIN	YES
DMTEST	CREATE SESSION	NO	DBA	GRANT ANY DOMAIN	NO
DBA	ALTER DATABASE	YES	DBA	GRANT DOMAIN	NO
DBA	RESTORE DATABASE	YES	DBA	USAGE ANY DOMAIN	NO
DBA	CREATE USER	NO	DBA	USAGE DOMAIN	NO
DBA	ALTER USER	NO	DBA	CREATE ANY CONTEXT	YES
DBA	DROP USER	NO	DBA	DROP ANY CONTEXT	YES
DBA	CREATE ROLE	YES	DBA	GRANT ANY CONTEXT	YES
DBA	CREATE SCHEMA	YES	DBA	COMMENT ANY TABLE	YES
DBA	CREATE TABLE	YES	DBA	DUMP ANY TABLE	YES
DBA	CREATE VIEW	YES	DBA	DUMP TABLE	NO
DBA	CREATE PROCEDURE	YES	DBA	ADMIN JOB	NO
DBA	CREATE SEQUENCE	YES	DBA	CREATE ANY DIRECTORY	YES
DBA	CREATE TRIGGER	YES	DBA	DROP ANY DIRECTORY	YES
DBA	CREATE INDEX	YES	DBA	ALTER ANY SEQUENCE	YES
DBA	CREATE CONTEXT INDEX	YES	DBA	CREATE PROFILE	NO
DBA	BACKUP DATABASE	YES	DBA	ALTER PROFILE	NO
DBA	CREATE LINK	YES	DBA	DROP PROFILE	NO
DBA	CREATE REPLICATE	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE SCHEMA	NO
DBA	CREATE PACKAGE	YES	RESOURCE	CREATE TABLE	NO
DBA	CREATE SYNONYM	YES	RESOURCE	CREATE VIEW	NO
DBA	CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM	YES	RESOURCE	CREATE PROCEDURE	NO
DBA	ALTER REPLICATE	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE SEQUENCE	NO
DBA	DROP REPLICATE	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE TRIGGER	NO
DBA	DROP ROLE	YES	RESOURCE	CREATE INDEX	NO
DBA	ADMIN ANY ROLE	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE CONTEXT INDEX	NO
DBA	ADMIN ANY DATABASE PRIVILEGE	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE LINK	NO
DBA	GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE PACKAGE	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY SCHEMA	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE SYNONYM	NO
DBA	DROP ANY SCHEMA	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	INSERT TABLE	NO
DBA	ALTER ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	UPDATE TABLE	NO
DBA	DROP ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	DELETE TABLE	NO
DBA	INSERT TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	SELECT TABLE	NO
DBA	INSERT ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	REFERENCES TABLE	NO
DBA	UPDATE TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	GRANT TABLE	NO
DBA	UPDATE ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	INSERT VIEW	NO
DBA	DELETE TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	UPDATE VIEW	NO
DBA	DELETE ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	DELETE VIEW	NO
DBA	SELECT TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	SELECT VIEW	NO
DBA	SELECT ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	GRANT VIEW	NO
DBA	REFERENCES TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	EXECUTE PROCEDURE	NO
DBA	REFERENCES ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	GRANT PROCEDURE	NO
DBA	GRANT TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	SELECT SEQUENCE	NO
DBA	GRANT ANY TABLE	NO	RESOURCE	GRANT SEQUENCE	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	EXECUTE PACKAGE	NO
DBA	ALTER ANY VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	GRANT PACKAGE	NO
DBA	DROP ANY VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	INSERT VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO
DBA	INSERT ANY VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	SELECT MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO
DBA	UPDATE VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	CREATE DOMAIN	NO
DBA	UPDATE ANY VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	GRANT DOMAIN	NO
DBA	DELETE VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	USAGE DOMAIN	NO
DBA	DELETE ANY VIEW	NO	RESOURCE	DUMP TABLE	NO
DBA	SELECT VIEW	NO	PUBLIC	INSERT TABLE	NO
DBA	SELECT ANY VIEW	NO	PUBLIC	UPDATE TABLE	NO
DBA	GRANT VIEW	NO	PUBLIC	DELETE TABLE	NO
DBA	GRANT ANY VIEW	NO	PUBLIC	SELECT TABLE	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY PROCEDURE	NO	PUBLIC	REFERENCES TABLE	NO
DBA	DROP ANY PROCEDURE	NO	PUBLIC	GRANT TABLE	NO
DBA	EXECUTE PROCEDURE	NO	PUBLIC	INSERT VIEW	NO
DBA	EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE	NO	PUBLIC	UPDATE VIEW	NO
DBA	GRANT PROCEDURE	NO	PUBLIC	DELETE VIEW	NO
DBA	GRANT ANY PROCEDURE	NO	PUBLIC	SELECT VIEW	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY SEQUENCE	NO	PUBLIC	GRANT VIEW	NO
DBA	DROP ANY SEQUENCE	NO	PUBLIC	EXECUTE PROCEDURE	NO
DBA	SELECT SEQUENCE	NO	PUBLIC	GRANT PROCEDURE	NO
DBA	SELECT ANY SEQUENCE	NO	PUBLIC	SELECT SEQUENCE	NO
DBA	GRANT SEQUENCE	NO	PUBLIC	GRANT SEQUENCE	NO
DBA	GRANT ANY SEQUENCE	NO	PUBLIC	EXECUTE PACKAGE	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY TRIGGER	NO	PUBLIC	GRANT PACKAGE	NO
DBA	DROP ANY TRIGGER	NO	PUBLIC	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY INDEX	NO	PUBLIC	SELECT MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO
DBA	ALTER ANY INDEX	NO	PUBLIC	GRANT DOMAIN	NO
DBA	DROP ANY INDEX	NO	PUBLIC	USAGE DOMAIN	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY CONTEXT INDEX	NO	PUBLIC	DUMP TABLE	NO
DBA	ALTER ANY CONTEXT INDEX	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	CREATE USER	NO
DBA	DROP ANY CONTEXT INDEX	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	ALTER USER	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY PACKAGE	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	DROP USER	NO
DBA	DROP ANY PACKAGE	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	AUDIT DATABASE	YES
DBA	EXECUTE PACKAGE	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	EXECUTE ANY PACKAGE	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	CREATE PROFILE	NO
DBA	GRANT PACKAGE	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	ALTER PROFILE	NO
DBA	GRANT ANY PACKAGE	NO	DB_AUDIT_ADMIN	DROP PROFILE	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY LINK	NO	DB_AUDIT_OPER	AUDIT DATABASE	NO
DBA	DROP ANY LINK	NO	DB_AUDIT_OPER	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY SYNONYM	NO	DB_AUDIT_PUBLIC	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	DROP ANY SYNONYM	NO	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	CREATE USER	NO
DBA	DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM	YES	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	ALTER USER	NO
DBA	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	DROP USER	NO
DBA	ADMIN REPLAY	NO	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	LABEL DATABASE	YES
DBA	ADMIN BUFFER	NO	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	CREATE TABLESPACE	YES	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	CREATE PROFILE	NO
DBA	ALTER TABLESPACE	YES	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	ALTER PROFILE	NO
DBA	DROP TABLESPACE	YES	DB_POLICY_ADMIN	DROP PROFILE	NO
DBA	ALTER ANY TRIGGER	NO	DB_POLICY_OPER LABEL	DATABASE	NO
DBA	CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW	YES	DB_POLICY_OPER SELECT	ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	CREATE ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO	DB_POLICY_PUBLIC	SELECT ANY DICTIONARY	NO
DBA	DROP ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW	NO

完整示例

CREATE TABLESPACE DMTEST DATAFILE 'DMTEST_DATA01.dbf' SIZE 10240;
CREATE TABLESPACE DMTEST_IDX DATAFILE 'DMTEST_IDX01.dbf' SIZE 2048;
CREATE USER "DMTEST" IDENTIFIED BY "DMTEST1234" DEFAULT TABLESPACE "DMTEST" DEFAULT INDEX TABLESPACE "DMTEST_IDX";

CREATE TABLE "DMTEST"."TEST"
(
"ID" VARCHAR(20),
"NAME" VARCHAR(100)) STORAGE(ON "DMTEST", CLUSTERBTR) ;

COMMENT ON COLUMN "DMTEST"."TEST"."ID" IS 'id';
COMMENT ON COLUMN "DMTEST"."TEST"."NAME" IS '姓名';




CREATE ROLE dmtest_role;
grant INSERT ANY TABLE  to dmtest_role;
grant create table to dmtest_role;;
grant create view to dmtest_role;
GRANT dmtest_role TO DMTEST;
grant CREATE SESSION to dmtest_role;
grant RESTORE DATABASE to dmtest_role;
grant CREATE SCHEMA to dmtest_role;
grant BACKUP DATABASE to dmtest_role;
GRANT soi TO DMTEST;
GRANT SELECT ON DBA_OBJECTS TO DMTEST;
commit;