MCP生产宿主与Tool-Schema治理

MCP 生产宿主与 Tool Schema 治理

🏠 返回 07-README ｜ ⬅️ 14-A2A协议与Agent互操作-Task生命周期｜ ➡️ 16-Voice与实时对话Agent-生产架构

§0 面试前 Checklist

金句（90s）：见各 L1。

L1 · MCP 在生产栈中的位置

#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ{font-family:"trebuchet ms",verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}@keyframes edge-animation-frame{from{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}@keyframes dash{to{stroke-dashoffset:0;}}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-animation-slow{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 50s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-animation-fast{stroke-dasharray:9,5!important;stroke-dashoffset:900;animation:dash 20s linear infinite;stroke-linecap:round;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-thickness-invisible{stroke-width:0;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ svg{font-family:"trebuchet ms",verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ p{margin:0;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .label{font-family:"trebuchet ms",verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .cluster-label span p{background-color:transparent;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .label text,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node rect,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node circle,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .rough-node .label text,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node .label text,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .icon-shape .label{text-anchor:middle;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node .katex path{fill:#000;stroke:#000;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .rough-node .label,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node .label,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .image-shape .label,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .icon-shape .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .root .anchor path{fill:#333333!important;stroke-width:0;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edgeLabel{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edgeLabel p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .labelBkg{background-color:rgba(232, 232, 232, 0.5);}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:"trebuchet ms",verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .flowchartTitleText{text-anchor:middle;font-size:18px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ rect.text{fill:none;stroke-width:0;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .icon-shape,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .image-shape{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .icon-shape p,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .image-shape p{background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);padding:2px;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .icon-shape .label rect,#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .image-shape .label rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);fill:rgba(232,232,232, 0.8);}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .label-icon{display:inline-block;height:1em;overflow:visible;vertical-align:-0.125em;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ .node .label-icon path{fill:currentColor;stroke:revert;stroke-width:revert;}#mermaid-svg-RUwlwX2ygrl7tuHQ :root{--mermaid-font-family:"trebuchet ms",verdana,arial,sans-serif;} SSE
Agent Runtime
MCP Server Java
Domain API
Registry

角色	职责
MCP Client	LangGraph / Spring AI
MCP Server	鉴权、schema、执行、审计
Registry	tool_schema_ref pin

L2 · 宿主设计（深展）

2.1 部署形态

形态	适用	风险
Sidecar	强隔离	资源多
共享服务	推荐	需 bulkhead
stdio	dev only	无鉴权

2.2 Tool 设计十诫

#	规则
1	窄 Tool，禁万能 SQL
2	写 Tool 必 HITL
3	幂等键写操作必备
4	tenant 服务端强制
5	schema 版本进 Registry
6	错误码可机器读
7	超时 < Agent deadline
8	审计 log 脱敏
9	只读默认
10	红队非法 Tool 名 Golden

L3 · Schema 治理

阶段	动作
设计	JSON Schema 入 Git
PR	breaking change 检测
发布	tool_schema_ref 写入 Release
回滚	先 schema 维

L4 · 与 A2A / gRPC

场景	选型
查订单	MCP get_order
调 Python 推理	gRPC 13
外包伙伴	A2A 14

L11 · STAR