Spring Batch教程（四）tasklet使用示例：spring batch的定时任务使用

一瓢一瓢的饮 alanchan2023-07-28 20:12

Spring batch 系列文章

Spring Batch教程（一） 简单的介绍以及通过springbatch将xml文件转成txt文件
Spring Batch教程（二）示例：将txt文件转成xml文件以及读取xml文件内容存储到数据库mysql
Spring Batch教程（三）示例：从mysql中读取数据写入文本和从多个文本中读取内容写入mysql
Spring Batch教程（四）tasklet使用示例：spring batch的定时任务使用
Spring Batch教程（五）spring boot实现batch功能注解示例：读写文本文件
Spring Batch教程（六）spring boot实现batch功能注解示例：读文件写入mysql

文章目录

本文介绍了1个示例，即spring batch的一个定时任务示例，其中通过tasklet监控任务的运行情况

本文使用的是jdk8版本，最新版本的spring core和springb batch用不了。

一、示例1：spring batch的定时任务使用

1、maven依赖

xml 复制代码 
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<springframework.version>5.2.25.RELEASE</springframework.version>
		<joda-time.version>2.12.5</joda-time.version>
		<quartz.version>2.2.1</quartz.version>
		<commons-io.version>2.4</commons-io.version>
		<springbatch.version>4.2.8.RELEASE</springbatch.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<version>1.18.2</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.batch</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-batch-core</artifactId>
			<version>${springbatch.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.batch</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-batch-infrastructure</artifactId>
			<version>${springbatch.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${springframework.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>${springframework.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>joda-time</groupId>
			<artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
			<version>${joda-time.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
			<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
			<version>${quartz.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
			<version>${commons-io.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		
	</dependencies>

2、准备测试数据

3、PersonInfo bean

java 复制代码 
import lombok.Data;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
@Data
public class PersonInfo {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String birthday;
	private double salary;
}

4、建立FieldSetMapper

java 复制代码 
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.mapping.FieldSetMapper;
import org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.FieldSet;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;

import com.win.tasklet.bean.PersonInfo;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
public class PersonInfoFieldSetMapper implements FieldSetMapper<PersonInfo> {

	public PersonInfo mapFieldSet(FieldSet fieldSet) throws BindException {
		PersonInfo personInfo = new PersonInfo();
		personInfo.setName(fieldSet.readString(0));
		personInfo.setBirthday(fieldSet.readString(1));
		personInfo.setSalary(fieldSet.readDouble(2));
		return personInfo;
	}

}

5、创建ItemProcessor实现类

java 复制代码 
import org.springframework.batch.item.ItemProcessor;

import com.win.tasklet.bean.PersonInfo;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
public class PersonInfoItemProcessor implements ItemProcessor<PersonInfo, PersonInfo> {

	public PersonInfo process(PersonInfo personInfo) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("Processing result :" + personInfo);

		if (personInfo.getSalary() < 60) {
			PersonInfo tempPersonInfo = new PersonInfo();
			tempPersonInfo.setName(personInfo.getName());
			tempPersonInfo.setBirthday(personInfo.getBirthday());
			tempPersonInfo.setSalary(personInfo.getSalary() * 1.5);
			personInfo = tempPersonInfo;
		}

		return personInfo;
	}

}

6、创建spring batch job

java 复制代码 
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.batch.core.JobExecution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobExecutionException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParameter;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParameters;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.JobLocator;
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
public class SpringBatchJob {
	private String jobName;
	private JobLocator jobLocator;
	private JobLauncher jobLauncher;
	private File contentDirectory;
	private String directoryPath = "D:/testtasklet/inputFiles";

	public void init() {
		contentDirectory = new File(directoryPath);
	}

	boolean fileFound = false;

	public void performJob() {
		System.out.println("开始任务 Job");

		try {

			if (contentDirectory == null || !contentDirectory.isDirectory()) {
				System.err.println("输入目录不存在，任务终止");
			}

			fileFound = false;

			for (File file : contentDirectory.listFiles()) {
				if (file.isFile()) {
					System.out.println("File found :" + file.getAbsolutePath());
					fileFound = true;

					JobParameter param = new JobParameter(file.getAbsolutePath());
					Map<String, JobParameter> map = new HashMap<String, JobParameter>();
					map.put("personInfoInputFile", param);
					map.put("date", new JobParameter(new Date()));

					JobExecution result = jobLauncher.run(jobLocator.getJob(jobName), new JobParameters(map));
					System.out.println(" Job 完成 : " + result.toString());
				}
			}
			if (!fileFound) {
				System.out.println("输入目录不存在，任务终止");
			}
		} catch (JobExecutionException ex) {
			System.out.println("任务出现致命异常 :" + ex);
		}

	}

	public void setJobName(String jobName) {
		this.jobName = jobName;
	}

	public void setJobLocator(JobLocator jobLocator) {
		this.jobLocator = jobLocator;
	}

	public void setJobLauncher(JobLauncher jobLauncher) {
		this.jobLauncher = jobLauncher;
	}

}

7、创建tasklet用于归档

功能是一旦处理完成则进行归档

java 复制代码 
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.joda.time.DateTimeZone;
import org.springframework.batch.core.StepContribution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.scope.context.ChunkContext;
import org.springframework.batch.core.step.tasklet.Tasklet;
import org.springframework.batch.repeat.RepeatStatus;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
public class FileArchivingTasklet implements Tasklet {
	private File archiveDirectory;
	private String archiveDirectoryPath = "d:/testtasklet/archivedFiles";

	public void init() {
		archiveDirectory = new File(archiveDirectoryPath);
	}

	public RepeatStatus execute(StepContribution contribution, ChunkContext chunkContext) throws Exception {
		Map<String, Object> map = chunkContext.getStepContext().getJobParameters();
		String fileName = (String) map.get("personInfoInputFile");
		archiveFile(fileName);
		return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
	}

	public void archiveFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
		System.out.println("Archiving file: " + fileName);
		File file = new File(fileName);
		File targetFile = new File(archiveDirectory, file.getName() + getSuffix());
		FileUtils.moveFile(file, targetFile);
	}

	public String getSuffix() {
		return "_" + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new DateTime(DateTimeZone.UTC).toDate());
	}

}

8、创建QuartzJobBean

java 复制代码 
import org.quartz.DisallowConcurrentExecution;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;

import com.win.tasklet.SpringBatchJob;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
@DisallowConcurrentExecution
public class SchedulerJob extends QuartzJobBean {

	private String batchJob;

	public void setBatchJob(String batchJob) {
		this.batchJob = batchJob;
	}

	@Override
	protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) {
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = ApplicationContextUtil.getApplicationContext();
		SpringBatchJob job = applicationContext.getBean(batchJob, SpringBatchJob.class);
		System.out.println("Quartz job started: " + job);

		try {
			job.performJob();

		} catch (Exception exception) {
			System.out.println("Job " + batchJob + " 不能执行 : " + exception.getMessage());
		}
		System.out.println("Quartz job 终止");
	}
}

9、创建ApplicationContextAware接口实现类

java 复制代码 
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
public class ApplicationContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
	private static ApplicationContextUtil instance;
	private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

	private static synchronized ApplicationContextUtil getInstance() {
		if (instance == null) {
			instance = new ApplicationContextUtil();
		}
		return instance;
	}

	public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
		if (getInstance().applicationContext == null) {
			getInstance().applicationContext = applicationContext;
		}

	}

	public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
		return getInstance().applicationContext;
	}

}

10、创建FactoryBean的触发器

java 复制代码 
import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
public class CronTriggerFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Trigger> {
	private final String jobName;
	private final String cronExpression;

	public CronTriggerFactoryBean(String jobName, String cronExpression) {
		this.jobName = jobName;
		this.cronExpression = cronExpression;
	}

	public Trigger getObject() throws Exception {

		return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().forJob(jobName, "DEFAULT").withIdentity(jobName + "Trigger", "DEFAULT").withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExpression))
				.build();
	}

	public Class<?> getObjectType() {
		return Trigger.class;
	}

	public boolean isSingleton() {
		return false;
	}

}

11、进行job的配置

1）、job配置

文件位置：/sping-batch/src/main/resources/batch-context.xml

java 复制代码 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:batch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch/spring-batch-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd"
       default-autowire="byName" default-init-method="init">

    <!-- JobRepository and JobLauncher are configuration/setup classes -->
    <bean id="jobRepository" class="org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean" />

    <bean id="jobLauncher"   class="org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher">
        <property name="jobRepository" ref="jobRepository" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="jobRegistry" class="org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.support.MapJobRegistry"/>

    <!--         A BeanPostProcessor that registers Job beans with a JobRegistry.     -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.support.JobRegistryBeanPostProcessor">
        <property name="jobRegistry" ref="jobRegistry"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- Thanks to this bean, you can now refer dynamic files in input folder whose names can be different on each run-->
    <bean id="inputPersonInfoJobFile" class="org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource" scope="step">
        <constructor-arg value="#{jobParameters[personInfoInputFile]}"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- ItemReader reads a complete line one by one from input file -->
    <bean id="flatFileItemReader" class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.FlatFileItemReader"  scope="step">
        <property name="resource" ref="inputPersonInfoJobFile" />
        <property name="lineMapper">
            <bean class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.mapping.DefaultLineMapper">
                <property name="fieldSetMapper">
                    <!-- Mapper which maps each individual items in a record to properties in POJO -->
                    <bean class="com.win.tasklet.PersonInfoFieldSetMapper" />
                </property>

                <property name="lineTokenizer">
                    <!-- A tokenizer class to be used when items in input record are separated by specific characters -->
                    <bean class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.DelimitedLineTokenizer">
                        <property name="delimiter" value="|" />
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- ItemWriter writes a line into output flat file -->
    <bean id="flatFileItemWriter" class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.FlatFileItemWriter" scope="step">
        <property name="resource" value="file:d:/testtasklet/personInfoOutput.txt" />
        <property name="appendAllowed" value="true" />
        <property name="lineAggregator">
            <!-- An Aggregator which converts an object into delimited list of strings -->
            <bean                    class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.DelimitedLineAggregator">
                <property name="delimiter" value="|" />
                <property name="fieldExtractor">
                    <!-- Extractor which returns the value of beans property through reflection -->
                    <bean                            class="org.springframework.batch.item.file.transform.BeanWrapperFieldExtractor">
                        <property name="names" value="name,salary,birthday" />
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- Optional ItemProcessor to perform business logic/filtering on the input records -->
    <bean id="itemProcessor" class="com.win.tasklet.PersonInfoItemProcessor" />

    <!-- Step will need a transaction manager -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.batch.support.transaction.ResourcelessTransactionManager" />

    <bean id="fileArchivingTasklet" class="com.win.tasklet.FileArchivingTasklet" />

    <!-- Actual Job -->
    <batch:job id="personInfoBatchJob" restartable="true">
        <batch:step id="processFiles" next="archiveFiles">
            <batch:tasklet allow-start-if-complete="false" start-limit="1" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
                <batch:chunk reader="flatFileItemReader" writer="flatFileItemWriter" processor="itemProcessor" commit-interval="10" />
            </batch:tasklet>
        </batch:step>
        <batch:step id="archiveFiles">
            <batch:tasklet ref="fileArchivingTasklet" />
        </batch:step>
    </batch:job>

</beans>

2）、quartz配置

任务每分钟运行一次

文件位置；/sping-batch/src/main/resources/quartz-context.xml

java 复制代码 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"
       default-autowire="byName" default-init-method="init">

    <import resource="batch-context.xml" />

    <bean id="applicationContextUtil" class="com.win.tasklet.quartz.ApplicationContextUtil" />

    <bean id="springBatchJob" class="com.win.tasklet.SpringBatchJob">
        <property name="jobName" value="personInfoBatchJob" />
        <property name="jobLocator" ref="jobRegistry" />
        <property name="jobLauncher" ref="jobLauncher" />
    </bean>

    <bean name="taskJobDetail"   class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean">
        <property name="jobClass" value="com.win.tasklet.quartz.SchedulerJob" />
        <property name="jobDataMap">
            <map>
                <entry key="batchJob" value="springBatchJob" />
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="durability" value="true" />
    </bean>

    <!-- Run the job every 1 minute -->
    <bean id="taskCronTrigger"   class="com.win.tasklet.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="taskJobDetail" />
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="0 0/1 * * * ?" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="quartzSchedulerFactoryBean"  class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
        <property name="jobDetails">
            <list>
                <ref bean="taskJobDetail" />
            </list>
        </property>

        <property name="triggers">
            <list>
                <ref bean="taskCronTrigger" />
            </list>
        </property>

        <property name="quartzProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.class">org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

12、创建一个运行job的main类

java 复制代码 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * 
 * @author alanchan
 *
 */
public class App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("quartz-context.xml");

	}
}

13、验证

1）、验证步骤

  • 创建源数据目录
    D:/testtasklet/inputFiles
  • 创建归档文件目录
    D:/testtasklet/archivedFiles
  • 启动应用程序
  • 将测试文件放入源数据目录
  • 观察控制台输出和程序结果输出
  • 观察定时任务是否是一分钟运行一次

1）、控制台输出

  • 放一个文件后，控制台输出如下
java 复制代码 
Quartz job started: com.win.tasklet.SpringBatchJob@394e0afd
开始任务 Job
文件目录 :D:\testtasklet\inputFiles\personinfo-2.txt
 jobName : personInfoBatchJob
Processing result :PersonInfo(id=0, name=zhangsan, birthday=1998-03-01, salary=92.0)
Processing result :PersonInfo(id=0, name=lisi, birthday=1995-08-01, salary=60.0)
Archiving file: D:\testtasklet\inputFiles\personinfo-2.txt
 Job 完成 : JobExecution: id=0, version=2, startTime=Fri Jul 21 14:55:00 CST 2023, endTime=Fri Jul 21 14:55:00 CST 2023, lastUpdated=Fri Jul 21 14:55:00 CST 2023, status=COMPLETED, exitStatus=exitCode=COMPLETED;exitDescription=, job=[JobInstance: id=0, version=0, Job=[personInfoBatchJob]], jobParameters=[{date=1689922500016, personInfoInputFile=D:\testtasklet\inputFiles\personinfo-2.txt}]
Quartz job 终止
  • 如果在超过一分钟没有输入源文件的时候，控制台输出如下
java 复制代码 
Quartz job started: com.win.tasklet.SpringBatchJob@394e0afd
开始任务 Job
输入目录不存在，任务终止
Quartz job 终止
  • 再次放入一个文件
java 复制代码 
Quartz job started: com.win.tasklet.SpringBatchJob@394e0afd
开始任务 Job
文件目录 :D:\testtasklet\inputFiles\personinfo-3.txt
 jobName : personInfoBatchJob
Processing result :PersonInfo(id=0, name=wangking, birthday=1989-04-01, salary=18.0)
Processing result :PersonInfo(id=0, name=tony, birthday=1995-08-01, salary=86.0)
Archiving file: D:\testtasklet\inputFiles\personinfo-3.txt
 Job 完成 : JobExecution: id=1, version=2, startTime=Fri Jul 21 15:17:00 CST 2023, endTime=Fri Jul 21 15:17:00 CST 2023, lastUpdated=Fri Jul 21 15:17:00 CST 2023, status=COMPLETED, exitStatus=exitCode=COMPLETED;exitDescription=, job=[JobInstance: id=1, version=0, Job=[personInfoBatchJob]], jobParameters=[{date=1689923820012, personInfoInputFile=D:\testtasklet\inputFiles\personinfo-3.txt}]
Quartz job 终止

2）、程序结果输出

放入第一个文件的时候，发现如下

  • 源文件目录移动到归档目录，并改名为

    文件内容与输入源文件内容一致。

  • 输出文件的内容如下

    再次放入源数据目录一个文件

  • 源文件目录中的输入文件被移走到归档目录

  • 归档目录中会把该文件改名

  • 输出文件内容

    文件内容会追加，具体如下

以上，完成了spring batch的一个定时任务示例，其中通过tasklet监控任务的运行情况。

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