目录
前言
该图书管理系统充分展示面向对象思想，是类与对象，封装，继承，多态，抽象类，接口等知识的融合体现。
若有不了解的内容，可以查看本博主的曾写的相关内容。
面向对象程序三大特性一：封装（超详细）_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客
面向对象程序三大特性一：多态（超详细）_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客
面向对象程序三大特性一：多态（超详细）_WHabcwu的博客-CSDN博客
需求：登录的用户分为普通用户和管理员，实现界面目录的需求（均用姓名索引）。
普通用户登录后界面：
管理员用户登录后界面：
图书管理系统已有图书如下：
1.整体思路
面向对象思想解决问题主要分为这3步：
- 找出其中的所有的对象
- 实现所有的对象
- 完成对象之间的交互
在图书管理系统中我们可以想到这几个对象：书，用户（普通用户和管理员），存放书的书架。
操作太多这里推荐新建将所有的操作都单独封装成一个类。
分为三个包进行实现：
book包里面实现书类和书架类
operation包里实现我们的操作类
user包里实现普通用户类与管理员类
++其中所有的操作都实现名为IOperation的接口。便于统一管理（多态的体现）++
++普通用户和管理员都继承用户User这个父类。++
实现所有类如下：
2.Book包
2.1Book类
在这个类实现的是我们图书该有的属性，与相应的构造方法，以及为了方便我们打印而重写的toString方法
java
package book;
public class Book {
private String name;
private String author;
private int price;
private String type;
private boolean isBorrowed;
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
isBorrowed = borrowed;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", "+(isBorrowed==false?"未被借出":"已被借出")+
'}';
}
}2.2BookList类
我们需要存放很多Book的数组，操作的数组，加入图书管理系统已有图书。
java
public class BookList {
private Book books[]=new Book[100];
private int useSize;
public BookList() {
this.books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",10,"小说");
this.books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",9,"小说");
this.books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",19,"小说");
this.useSize = 3;
}
public int getUseSize() {
return useSize;
}
public void setUseSize(int useSize) {
this.useSize = useSize;
}
public Book getbook(int pose){
return books[pose];
}
public void setbook(int pose,Book book){
books[pose]=book;
}
public Book[] getBooks() {
return books;
}
}3.user包
3.1User类
这里的User类是作为NormalUser类与AdminUser类的父类，是一个抽象类。
java
package user;
import book.BookList;
import operation.IOperation;
public abstract class User {
protected String name;
IOperation iOperations[];
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public abstract int menu();
public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){
iOperations[choice].work(bookList);
}
}3.2NormalUser类
java
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NormalUser extends User {
public NormalUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{new ExitOperation(), new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOperation(), new ReturnOperation(),new ShowOperation()};
}
@Override
public int menu() {
System.out.println("**************************");
System.out.println("1.查阅图书");
System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
System.out.println("3.归还图书");
System.out.println("4.显示图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("**************************");
System.out.println("请输入你的操作");
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}3.3AdminUser类
java
package user;
import operation.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AdminUser extends User{
public AdminUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.iOperations=new IOperation[]{new ExitOperation(),new FindOperation()
,new AddOperation(), new DelOperation(),new ShowOperation()};
}
public int menu(){
System.out.println("**************************");
System.out.println("1.查找图书");
System.out.println("2.新增图书");
System.out.println("3.删除图书");
System.out.println("4.显示图书");
System.out.println("0.退出系统");
System.out.println("**************************");
Scanner scanner =new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的操作");
int choice=scanner.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}4.operation
4.1IOPeration接口
会有一个work的抽象方法，参数类型为BookList的
java
package operation;
import book.BookList;
public interface IOperation {
void work(BookList bookList);
}4.2ExitOperation类
用于退出该系统
java
package operation;
import book.BookList;
public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("退出系统");
}
}4.3FindOperation类
用于查找图书
java
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
int size=bookList.getUseSize();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你要查询的书名");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getbook(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("找到这本书，信息如下");
System.out.println(book);
return;
}
}
System.out.println("查无此书");
}
}4.4ShowOperation类
用于展示所有图书
java
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
public class ShowOperation implements IOperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
int size=bookList.getUseSize();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
Book book = bookList.getbook(i);
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}4.5AddOperation类
用于添加图书
java
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class AddOperation implements IOperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
int size=bookList.getUseSize();
if(size==bookList.getBooks().length){
System.out.println("书架已满，无法添加图书");
return;
}
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入添加书的书名");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入添加书的作者");
String author=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入添加书的类型");
String type=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入添加书的价格");
int price=scanner.nextInt();
Book book = new Book(name, author, price, type);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("该书已有，不再存入");
return;
}
}
bookList.setbook(size,book);
bookList.setUseSize(size+1);
}
}4.6DelOperation类
用于删除图书
java
package operation;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DelOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除书的书名");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
int size = bookList.getUseSize();
int i=0;
for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){
break;
}
}
if(i==size){
System.out.println("你要删除的书不存在");
return;
}
int j=0;
for ( j = i; j <size-1; j++) {
bookList.setbook(j,bookList.getbook(j+1));
}
bookList.setbook(j,null);
bookList.setUseSize(size-1);
System.out.println("删除成功");
}
}4.7BorrowOperation类
java
package operation;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要借阅书的书名");
int size=bookList.getUseSize();
String name=scanner.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){
bookList.getbook(i).setBorrowed(true);
System.out.println("成功借出");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("你要借的书不存在");
}
}4.8ReturnOperation类
java
package operation;
import book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要还的书的书名");
int size=bookList.getUseSize();
String name=scanner.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if(bookList.getbook(i).getName().equals(name)){
bookList.getbook(i).setBorrowed(false);
System.out.println("成功归还");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("你要还的书不存在");
}
}5.Text类
java
import java.util.Scanner;
import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;
public class Text {
public static User login(){
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入你的姓名");
String name=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入你的身份:> 1.管理员 2.普通用户");
int choice=scanner.nextInt();
if(choice==1){
return new AdminUser(name);
}else {
return new NormalUser(name);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
BookList bookList = new BookList();
User user=login();
int choice=-1;
do{
choice=user.menu();
user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
}while (choice!=0);
}
}以上为我个人的小分享，如有问题，欢迎讨论！！！
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