系列七、IOC操作bean管理（xml自动装配）

一、概述

自动装配是根据指定规则（属性名称或者属性类型），Spring自动将匹配的属性值进行注入。

二、分类

xml自动装配分为按照属性名称自动装配（byName）和按照属性类型自动装配（byType）。

2.1、byName

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Department implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 部门名称
     */
    private String name;

}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Employee implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 员工名称
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * 性别
     */
    private String gender;

    /**
     * 部门
     */
    private Department department;
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="employee" class="org.star.entity.Employee" autowire="byName">
        <property name="name" value="李白"></property>
        <property name="gender" value="男"></property>
        <property name="department" ref="department"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="department" class="org.star.entity.Department">
        <property name="name" value="研发部"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

/**
 * IOC操作bean管理（xml自动装配-byName）
 */
@Test
public void beanManagementTest12() {
	ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext12.xml");
	Employee employee = context.getBean("employee", Employee.class);
	System.out.println("byName employee = " + employee);
}
// 控制台打印结果
byName employee = Employee(name=李白, gender=男, department=Department(name=研发部))

2.2、byType

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Department implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 部门名称
     */
    private String name;

}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Employee implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 员工名称
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * 性别
     */
    private String gender;

    /**
     * 部门
     */
    private Department department;
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="employee" class="org.star.entity.Employee" autowire="byType">
        <property name="name" value="李白"></property>
        <property name="gender" value="男"></property>
        <property name="department" ref="department"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="department" class="org.star.entity.Department">
        <property name="name" value="研发部"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

/**
 * IOC操作bean管理（xml自动装配-byType）
 */
@Test
public void beanManagementTest13() {
	ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext13.xml");
	Employee employee = context.getBean("employee", Employee.class);
	System.out.println("byType employee = " + employee);
}
// 控制台打印结果
byType employee = Employee(name=李白, gender=男, department=Department(name=研发部))