Windows下MATLAB调用Python函数操作说明

MATLAB与Python版本的兼容

操作说明

操作说明请参看下面两个链接：

操作指南
简单说明：
我安装的是MATLAB2022a和Python3.8.6（安装时请勾选所有可以勾选的，包括路径）。对应版本安装完成后，在MATLAB命令行中敲入执行路劲'D:\SoftwareApps\Python3_7\python.exe'（因人而异）

matlab 复制代码

pyenv('Version','D:\SoftwareApps\Python3_7\python.exe')

完了以后执行下面的操作：

matlab 复制代码

pe = pyenv;
pe.Version

完成后的界面为：

因为MATLAB更多的是矩阵计算，我们需要安装两个库，一个是numpy，一个是scipy。具体地，我们可以在windows 的操作终端(cmd/terminal)输入python，进入到python可以执行的页面，执行以下命令：

bash 复制代码

import sys
import subprocess
subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install','numpy'])
subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install','scipy'])

完成之后，我们即可开始测试

测试案例
（1）MATLAB中的.m文件（call for Python）

matlab 复制代码

% use this link to check if your MATLAB version supports the Python version
% on your computer
% https://www.mathworks.com/support/requirements/python-compatibility.html
% if not, install the Python version that is supported

clc;clear all;

% define MATLAB matrices
A1=[1 2;
    3 4];
A2=[2 3;
    1 0];

% check the conversion types
% https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_external/passing-data-to-python.html
% convert matrices to Python objects
A1converted = py.numpy.array(A1);
A2converted = py.numpy.array(A2);
% parameter to be sent
parameter=py.int(2);

% sent the variables, call the python code in "test.py" and obtain the
% return list "result"
[result] = pyrunfile("haha.py","ReturnList",A=A1converted,B=A2converted,param1=parameter);
% link explaining pyrunfile() function:
% https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/pyrunfile.html#mw_03ecec06-0677-4345-9112-ea93ac49881e

% check the data type of returned variables
class(result)
class(result{1})

% convert the Python arrays to MATLAB matrices
C1=double(result{1});
C2=double(result{2});
C3=double(result{3});
C4=double(result{4});

% compute the matrices in MATLAB to double check the results
C1check=A1+A2;
C2check=A1*A2;
C3check=eye(2,2);
C4check=inv(A1);

（2）Python中的.py文件（called by MATLAB）

python 复制代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Code that demonstrates how to run Python code from MATLAB
This is the Python code that is called from MATLAB
Author: Aleksandar Haber 
Date: December 2022

The matrices "A" and "B" are passed to Python from MATLAB
The list "ReturnList" is returned to MATLAB

"""

# You should run these code lines in a separate Python session if the libraries numpy and scipy are not installed
# import sys
# import subprocess
# subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install','numpy'])
# subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install','scipy'])

import numpy as np
from scipy import linalg

C1 = A + B
C2 = np.matmul(A,B)
C3 = np.eye(param1,param1)
C4 = linalg.inv(A)

# this list is returned to MATLAB and later on unpacked in MATLAB
ReturnList=[C1,C2,C3,C4]

具体到一些输入输出的语法，请参看链接：https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/pyrunfile.html

参考

$1$ https://www.mathworks.com/support/requirements/python-compatibility.html

$2$ https://aleksandarhaber.com/tutorial-on-how-to-execute-python-code-directly-matlab/

$3$ https://github.com/AleksandarHaber/Execute-Python-Code-From-MATLAB/blob/