代码:
Scala
package Algotithm.stack
object Calculator {
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
val expression = "3+2*6-2"
//创建两个栈:数栈、符号栈
val numStack, operStack = new ArrayStack2(10)
//定义需要的相关变量
var index, num1, num2, oper, res = 0 //用于扫描
var ch: Char = ' ' //每次扫描得到的char保存到ch
var keepNum: String = ""
//开始循环扫描入栈
while (index < expression.length) {
ch = expression.charAt(index)
//判断是什么
if (operStack.isOper(ch)) {
if (operStack.isEmpty) {
//如果为空直接入栈
operStack.push(ch)
} else {
//如果不为空
if (operStack.priority(ch) <= operStack.priority(operStack.peek())) {
//从数栈中pop出两个数进行运算
num1 = numStack.pop()
num2 = numStack.pop()
oper = operStack.pop()
res = numStack.cal(num1, num2, oper)
//把运算结果入数栈
numStack.push(res)
//当前符号入符号栈
operStack.push(ch)
} else {
operStack.push(ch)
}
}
} else {
//如果是数,则直接入数栈
//numStack.push(ch - 48)
//1.当处理多位数时,不能发现一个数就立即入栈。因为也可能是多位数
//2.在处理数时,需要像exp表达式后再看一位。如果是数就继续扫描。如果是符号再入栈
//3.定义一个字符串变量,用于拼接
//处理多位数
keepNum += ch
//如果ch已经是exp的最后一位,就直接入栈
if (index == expression.length - 1) {
numStack.push(keepNum.toInt)
} else {
//判断下一个字符是不是数字。如果是数字,就继续扫描。如果是运算符,则入栈
if (operStack.isOper(expression.charAt(index + 1))) {
//如果后一位时运算符,则入栈
numStack.push(keepNum.toInt)
//keepnum清空
keepNum = ""
}
}
}
index = index + 1
}
while (!operStack.isEmpty) {
//如果符号栈为空,则计算到最后的结果,数栈中只有一个数字
num1 = numStack.pop()
num2 = numStack.pop()
oper = operStack.pop()
res = operStack.cal(num1, num2, oper)
numStack.push(res) //入栈
}
println(s"表达式 $expression = ${numStack.pop()}")
}
}
//先创建一个栈
class ArrayStack2 {
private var maxSize: Int = _
private var stack: Array[Int] = _
private var top = -1
//构造器
def this(maxSize: Int) {
this
this.maxSize = maxSize
stack = new Array[Int](this.maxSize)
}
//栈满
def isFull: Boolean = {
top == maxSize - 1
}
//栈空
def isEmpty: Boolean = {
top == -1
}
//返回当前栈顶的值
def peek(): Int = {
stack(top)
}
//入栈-push
def push(value: Int): Unit = {
if (isFull) {
println(s"栈满")
return
}
top = top + 1
stack(top) = value
}
//出栈-pop
def pop(): Int = {
if (isEmpty) {
throw new RuntimeException(s"栈空,没有数据")
}
val value = stack(top)
top = top - 1
value
}
//显示栈的情况【遍历栈】
def list: Unit = {
if (isEmpty) {
println(s"栈空,没有数据")
return
}
//需要从栈顶开始显示
for (i <- 0 to top) {
println(s"stack=${stack(top - i)}")
}
}
//返回运算符的优先级,优先级为自定义
//优先级使用数字表示。数字越大,优先级越高
def priority(oper: Int): Int = {
val ret = oper match {
case '*' | '/' => 1
case '+' | '-' => 0
case _ => -1
}
ret
}
//判断是不是一个运算符
def isOper(value: Char): Boolean = {
value.equals('+') ||
value.equals('-') ||
value.equals('*') ||
value.equals('/')
}
//计算方法
def cal(num1: Int, num2: Int, oper: Int): Int = {
var res: Int = 0 //用于存放计算的结果
res = oper match {
case '+' => num1 + num2
case '-' => num2 - num1
case '*' => num1 * num2
case '/' => num2 / num1
}
res
}
}
总结:
Scala在模式匹配+偏函数的结合应用其灵活度太高了,,用顺手了习惯了之后会比Java简化很多。变量声明时也不用像Java一样一个变量new一次对象,可以像下面这样: