Unity实现设计模式------中介者模式
用一个中介者对象来封装一系列的对象交互,中介者使各对象不需要显示地相互引用,从而使其松散耦合,而且可以独立地改变它们之间的交互。
这里使用一个生活中的例子来介绍中介者模式,比如当我们在一个聊天大厅进行聊天,每个人可以根据名字给对应的人发送消息,那么A人一定要持有其余人的名字信息吗,要是突然有新的人加入进来需要告知所有人多了个人吗,显然这样的设计方式非常繁琐,我们可以转化为以中介者为中心的星型结构,极大的解耦。
1.AbstractChatroom(The 'Mediator' abstract class)
聊天大厅的抽象基类
csharp
abstract class AbstractChatroom
{
public abstract void Register(Participant participant);
public abstract void Send(string from, string to, string message);
}
2.Chatroom(The 'ConcreteMediator' class)
csharp
class Chatroom : AbstractChatroom
{
private Dictionary<string, Participant> _participants =
new Dictionary<string, Participant>();
public override void Register(Participant participant)
{
if (!_participants.ContainsValue(participant))
{
_participants[participant.Name] = participant;
}
participant.Chatroom = this;
}
public override void Send( string from, string to, string message)
{
Participant participant = _participants[to];
if (participant != null)
{
participant.Receive(from, message);
}
}
}
3.Participant(The 'AbstractColleague' class)
聊天的参与者基类
csharp
class Participant
{
private Chatroom _chatroom;
private string _name;
// Constructor
public Participant(string name)
{
this._name = name;
}
// Gets participant name
public string Name
{
get { return _name; }
}
// Gets chatroom
public Chatroom Chatroom
{
set { _chatroom = value; }
get { return _chatroom; }
}
// Sends message to given participant
public void Send(string to, string message)
{
_chatroom.Send(_name, to, message);
}
// Receives message from given participant
public virtual void Receive(string from, string message)
{
Debug.Log(from + " to " + Name + ": '" + message + "'");
}
}
4.Beatle( A 'ConcreteColleague' class)
聊天参与者子类
csharp
class Beatle : Participant
{
// Constructor
public Beatle(string name)
: base(name)
{
}
public override void Receive(string from, string message)
{
Debug.Log("To a Beatle: ");
base.Receive(from, message);
}
}
5.NonBeatle(A 'ConcreteColleague' class)
聊天参与者子类
csharp
class NonBeatle : Participant
{
// Constructor
public NonBeatle(string name)
: base(name)
{
}
public override void Receive(string from, string message)
{
Debug.Log("To a non-Beatle: ");
base.Receive(from, message);
}
}
6.测试
csharp
public class MediatorExample1 : MonoBehaviour
{
void Start()
{
// Create chatroom
Chatroom chatroom = new Chatroom();
// Create participants and register them
Participant George = new Beatle("George");
Participant Paul = new Beatle("Paul");
Participant Ringo = new Beatle("Ringo");
Participant John = new Beatle("John");
Participant Yoko = new NonBeatle("Yoko");
chatroom.Register(George);
chatroom.Register(Paul);
chatroom.Register(Ringo);
chatroom.Register(John);
chatroom.Register(Yoko);
// Chatting participants
Yoko.Send("John", "Hi John!");
Paul.Send("Ringo", "All you need is love");
Ringo.Send("George", "My sweet Lord");
Paul.Send("John", "Can't buy me love");
John.Send("Yoko", "My sweet love");
}
}