Linux命令(92)之passwd

linux命令之passwd

1.passwd介绍

linux命令passwd是用来设置/更改用户密码

2.passwd用法

passwd [参数] username

|---------|----------|
| 参数 | 说明 |
| --stdin | 非交互式密码设置 |
| -l | 停止用户使用 |
| -u | 启用停止的用户 |
| -d | 删除密码 |
[passwd常用参数]

[root@centos79-3 ~]# passwd ztj
Changing password for user ztj.
New password: 
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password: 
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@centos79-3 ~]#

3.实例

3.1.交互式密码设置

命令：

passwd ztj

3.2.非交互式密码设置

命令：

echo "ztj" | passwd --stdin ztj

[root@centos79-3 ~]# echo "ztj" | passwd --stdin ztj
Changing password for user ztj.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@centos79-3 ~]#

3.3.停止用户使用

命令：

passwd -l ztj

[root@centos79-3 ~]# passwd -l ztj
Locking password for user ztj.
passwd: Success
[root@centos79-3 ~]# cat /etc/shadow | grep ztj
ztj:!!$6$wwjVQCW8$m2NKGYHU8lVDiQKFqUp0YPQ5j4wYsSLE1WFIp2Oi/fXyvdPf5csIQYYh.nEUwSqhnNY2JAc7w1l/p579RaUpR/:19626:0:99999:7:::
[root@centos79-3 ~]#

3.4.启用停止的用户

命令：

passwd -u ztj

[root@centos79-3 ~]# passwd -u ztj
Unlocking password for user ztj.
passwd: Success
[root@centos79-3 ~]# cat /etc/shadow | grep ztj
ztj:$6$wwjVQCW8$m2NKGYHU8lVDiQKFqUp0YPQ5j4wYsSLE1WFIp2Oi/fXyvdPf5csIQYYh.nEUwSqhnNY2JAc7w1l/p579RaUpR/:19626:0:99999:7:::
[root@centos79-3 ~]#

3.5.删除用户密码

命令：

passwd -d ztj

[root@centos79-3 ~]# passwd -d ztj
Removing password for user ztj.
passwd: Success
[root@centos79-3 ~]# cat /etc/shadow | grep ztj
ztj::19626:0:99999:7:::
[root@centos79-3 ~]#

3.6.查看passwd帮助

命令：

passwd --help

man passwd

[root@centos79-3 ~]# passwd --help
Usage: passwd [OPTION...] <accountName>
  -k, --keep-tokens       keep non-expired authentication tokens
  -d, --delete            delete the password for the named account (root only)
  -l, --lock              lock the password for the named account (root only)
  -u, --unlock            unlock the password for the named account (root only)
  -e, --expire            expire the password for the named account (root only)
  -f, --force             force operation
  -x, --maximum=DAYS      maximum password lifetime (root only)
  -n, --minimum=DAYS      minimum password lifetime (root only)
  -w, --warning=DAYS      number of days warning users receives before password
                          expiration (root only)
  -i, --inactive=DAYS     number of days after password expiration when an account
                          becomes disabled (root only)
  -S, --status            report password status on the named account (root only)
  --stdin                 read new tokens from stdin (root only)

Help options:
  -?, --help              Show this help message
  --usage                 Display brief usage message
[root@centos79-3 ~]#