【Spring Cloud】如何确定微服务项目的Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本

文章目录

[1. 版本选择](#1. 版本选择)
[2. 用脚手架快速生成微服务的pom.xml](#2. 用脚手架快速生成微服务的pom.xml)
[3. 创建一个父工程](#3. 创建一个父工程)
[4. 代码地址](#4. 代码地址)

本文描述如何确定微服务项目的Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本。

1. 版本选择

我们知道Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本选择一致性非常重要。在选择Spring Boot和Spring Cloud版本时，需要考虑到两者之间的关系以及项目的具体需求。

首先，Spring Boot和Spring Cloud有密切的联系。Spring Boot是Spring Cloud的基础，版本选择应该先确定Spring Boot的版本，然后再选择与之兼容的Spring Cloud版本。

3者的版本选择可以参考：Spring Cloud Alibaba版本选择参考。简单起见也可以使用阿里巴巴提供的云原生应用脚手架

其他版本参考：https://sca.aliyun.com/zh-cn/docs/2022.0.0.0/overview/version-explain（先选择Spring Boot版本）

2. 用脚手架快速生成微服务的pom.xml

访问https://start.aliyun.com/
填写项目的基本信息

3、选择了3个组件，一个来自Spring Cloud，一个来自Spring Cloud Alibaba，所以会帮我们在pom.xml文件中引入2个框架的依赖。

可以选择下载代码或在线浏览代码。我这里把pom.xml文件的内容贴出来。

原始内容如下：

xml 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.firefish</groupId>
    <artifactId>firefish</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <name>FireFish</name>
    <description>火鱼微服务项目</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <modules>
        <module>FireFish-start</module>
        <module>FireFish-web</module>
        <module>FireFish-service</module>
    </modules>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.firefish</groupId>
                <artifactId>FireFish-start</artifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.firefish</groupId>
                <artifactId>FireFish-web</artifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.firefish</groupId>
                <artifactId>FireFish-service</artifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.firefish.FireFishApplication</mainClass>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackage</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

由于有些内容我们暂时用不到，这里主要是为了帮我们解决版本的选择问题，所以下面我们只保留了元素 ，且强制给子模块添加了lombok、spring测试框架，所以最终的父项目的pom.xml内容如下：

xml 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.firefish</groupId>
    <artifactId>firefish</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <name>FireFish</name>
    <description>火鱼微服务项目</description>
    
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <!-- 为子项目强制引入lombok和test测试框架 -->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    
    <!-- 版本依赖 -->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <!-- 打包配置 -->
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.firefish.FireFishApplication</mainClass>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackage</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

至此由于pom.xml的建立，微服务的父工程已经建立好

3. 创建一个父工程

4. 代码地址

父工程的初始化（FireFish-ParentInit）：https://gitee.com/firefish985/FireFish/releases/tag/v1.0.0