Linux平台下使用.NET Core访问Access数据库

运行环境

  • 操作系统:Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS (Jammy)
  • 开发工具:Visual Studio 2022 (17.8.0)
  • 运行时版本:.NET Runtime 8.0
  • 依赖库:unixodbcmdbtoolsodbc-mdbtools

依赖库安装

apt-get update
sudo apt-get install unixodbc mdbtools odbc-mdbtools

依赖库版本信息

  • apt list --installed | grep odbc

    libodbc1/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    libodbc2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    libodbccr2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    libodbcinst2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    odbc-mdbtools/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed]
    odbcinst1debian2/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    odbcinst/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    unixodbc-common/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 all [installed,automatic]
    unixodbc/jammy,now 2.3.9-5 amd64 [installed]

  • apt list --installed | grep mdb

    liblmdb0/jammy,now 0.9.24-1build2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    libmdb3/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    libmdbsql3/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
    mdbtools/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed]
    odbc-mdbtools/jammy,now 1.0.0+dfsg-1 amd64 [installed]

Linux平台 下的 ODBC 配置

  • /etc/odbc.ini

    [access_db] # 随意命名,会在项目代码里用到它
    Description=Microsoft Access Database
    Driver=MDBW
    ServerName = localhost
    Database=/root/Database1.mdb # 按你的实际路径改写,要有读写权限

  • /etc/odbcinst.ini

    [MDBW] # 随意,在odbc.ini文件用到它
    Description=MDBTools Driver Wide # 随意
    Driver=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbcW.so # 按你的实际路径改写
    Setup=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbcW.so # 按你的实际路径改写
    FileUsage=1
    UsageCount=1
    [MDBTools]
    Description=MDBTools Driver # 随意
    Driver=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbc.so # 按你的实际路径改写
    Setup=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmdbodbc.so # 按你的实际路径改写
    FileUsage=1
    UsageCount=1
    [ODBC]
    Trace=1
    TraceFile=/tmp/mdb.log # 有写入权限的文件路径

Demo 项目代码

输出:

UserName: Allen
UserName: Joy

编译和发布

OdbcForLinuxTestApp 目录下,执行命令:

dotnet publish -c Release -f net8.0 -r win-x64 -o ./publish/win-x64 # 如果只考虑 Linux平台,该命令可忽略
dotnet publish -c Release -f net8.0 -r linux-x64 -o ./publish/linux-x64

运行 OdbcForLinuxTestApp

注意:Database1.mdb 数据库文件需要提前放到正确的路径,以 odbc.ini文件Database 配置项为准。

cd ./publish/linux-x64
chmod +x OdbcForLinuxTestApp # 授予可执行权限
./OdbcForLinuxTestApp

BASH 复制 全屏

  • Program.cs

    using System.Data;
    using System.Data.Common;
    using System.Data.Odbc;
    using System.Data.OleDb;
    
    namespace OdbcForLinuxTestApp;
    
    internal sealed class Program
    {
        static async Task Main(string[] args)
        {
            string connectionStrings;
            if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
            {
                string mdbFile = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, "Database1.mdb");
                connectionStrings = $"Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source={mdbFile}";
            }
            else
            {
                //root/Database1.mdb
                connectionStrings = "DSN=access_db;";
            }
    
            await using (DbConnection conn = GetDbConnection(connectionStrings))
            {
                await conn.OpenAsync();
                DbCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand();
                cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
                cmd.CommandText = "select [ID],[UserName] from Users";
    
                DbDataReader reader = await cmd.ExecuteReaderAsync();
                while (await reader.ReadAsync())
                {
                    //The MDBTools does not support the use of column names
                    string userName = reader.GetString(1);
                    Console.WriteLine("UserName: " + userName);
                }
            }
        }
    
        private static string DbProviderName => OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? "System.Data.OleDb" : "System.Data.Odbc";
    
        private static DbConnection GetDbConnection(string connectionStrings)
        {
            RegisterOdbcOrOleDbFactory();
            DbProviderFactory dbFactory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(DbProviderName);
            DbConnection? conn = dbFactory.CreateConnection();
            if (conn == null)
            {
                return OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? new OleDbConnection(connectionStrings) : new OdbcConnection(connectionStrings);
            }
    
            conn.ConnectionString = connectionStrings;
            return conn;
        }
    
        private static int _isRegisteredDbFactory;
        private static void RegisterOdbcOrOleDbFactory()
        {
            if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref _isRegisteredDbFactory, 1, 0) == 0)
            {
                string dbProviderName = DbProviderName;
                IEnumerable<string> providerInvariantNames = DbProviderFactories.GetProviderInvariantNames();
                string? invariantName = providerInvariantNames.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Equals(dbProviderName, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase));
                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(invariantName))
                {
                    DbProviderFactories.RegisterFactory(dbProviderName, OdbcFactory.Instance);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    编译和发布 Demo 项目代码

    准备工作

  • 创建 OdbcForLinuxTestApp 目录

  • 将上述两个代码文件放入 OdbcForLinuxTestApp 目录

  • 安装 .NET SDK 8.0.100

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