机器人技能学习-构建自己的数据集并进行训练

概要

若想训练自己的场景，数据集的重要性不做过多赘述，下面就基于 robomimic 和 robosuite 构建自己的数据集进行讲解，同时，也会附上 train 和 run 的流程，这样，就形成了闭环。

自建数据集

采集数据

采集数据可使用脚本 collect_human_demonstrations.py 完成,在采集过程中,需要自己定义 env 的相关信息,在实际使用时,存在以下几个问题：

无法控制机器人精准的完成抓取工作
机器人在某些姿态下,运动会出现漂移的情况

格式转换

该功能脚本为 convert_robosuite.py,在进行执行是:

python 复制代码

$ python conversion/convert_robosuite.py --dataset /path/to/demo.hdf5

生成OBS用于训练

python 复制代码

python dataset_states_to_obs.py --dataset demo_myliftdraw.hdf5 --output AAA.hdf5

BUG记录

Bug1

在进行 conver_to_robosuite时，也有个小bug，当数据集中 demo数量较少时，比如为1，那么 convert 就会失败，这是因为在进行 split 时数据太少导致的，

python 复制代码

"""
Helper script to convert a dataset collected using robosuite into an hdf5 compatible with
this repository. Takes a dataset path corresponding to the demo.hdf5 file containing the
demonstrations. It modifies the dataset in-place. By default, the script also creates a
90-10 train-validation split.

For more information on collecting datasets with robosuite, see the code link and documentation
link below.

Code: https://github.com/ARISE-Initiative/robosuite/blob/offline_study/robosuite/scripts/collect_human_demonstrations.py

Documentation: https://robosuite.ai/docs/algorithms/demonstrations.html

Example usage:

    python convert_robosuite.py --dataset /path/to/your/demo.hdf5
"""

import h5py
import json
import argparse

import robomimic.envs.env_base as EB
from robomimic.scripts.split_train_val import split_train_val_from_hdf5


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument(
        "--dataset",
        type=str,
        help="path to input hdf5 dataset",
    )
    args = parser.parse_args()

    f = h5py.File(args.dataset, "a") # edit mode
    # import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
    # store env meta

    env_name = f["data"].attrs["env"]
    env_info = json.loads(f["data"].attrs["env_info"])
    env_meta = dict(
        type=EB.EnvType.ROBOSUITE_TYPE,
        env_name=env_name,
        env_version=f["data"].attrs["repository_version"],
        env_kwargs=env_info,
    )
    if "env_args" in f["data"].attrs:
        del f["data"].attrs["env_args"]
    f["data"].attrs["env_args"] = json.dumps(env_meta, indent=4)

    print("====== Stored env meta ======")
    print(f["data"].attrs["env_args"])

    # store metadata about number of samples
    total_samples = 0
    for ep in f["data"]:
        # ensure model-xml is in per-episode metadata
        assert "model_file" in f["data/{}".format(ep)].attrs

        # add "num_samples" into per-episode metadata
        if "num_samples" in f["data/{}".format(ep)].attrs:
            del f["data/{}".format(ep)].attrs["num_samples"]
        n_sample = f["data/{}/actions".format(ep)].shape[0]
        f["data/{}".format(ep)].attrs["num_samples"] = n_sample
        total_samples += n_sample

    # add total samples to global metadata
    if "total" in f["data"].attrs:
        del f["data"].attrs["total"]
    f["data"].attrs["total"] = total_samples

    f.close()

    # create 90-10 train-validation split in the dataset
    split_train_val_from_hdf5(hdf5_path=args.dataset, val_ratio=0.1)

最后一行，只需要将 val_ration = 1 就可以了。

Bug2

描述:同样的操作过程,用自己新建的 env环境类生成数据,在进行 obs 生成时报错,但是用官方的 env 是没有问题的

解决方法 ：不要试图随性构建自己的模型库，因为这玩意是按照固定路径搜索的，坑坑坑，忙了半天，发现是路径的问题，里面有个 robosuite 的固定关键词，这个会影响 to obs 的。

Train && Test

Train 需要调用的脚本是：

bash 复制代码

$ python robomimic/robomimic/scripts/train.py --config bc_rnn.json

Test调用的脚本为：

bash 复制代码

$ python robomimic/robomimic/scripts/un_trained_agent.py --agent /path/to/model.pth --n_rollouts 50 --horizon 400 --seed 0 --video_path /path/to/output.mp4 --camera_names agentview robot0_eye_in_hand

在进行训练时，需要对算法进行配置，即导入的 json 文件，以下是一个配置文件的案例，该文件来源于 mimicgen 生成的，其中，里面有对于算法的部分参数，比如 "algo_name": "bc",如果功底不够深厚的话，建议大家只改下数据集的 path 就可以了:

json 复制代码

{
    "algo_name": "bc",
    "experiment": {
        "name": "source_draw_low_dim",
        "validate": false,
        "logging": {
            "terminal_output_to_txt": true,
            "log_tb": true,
            "log_wandb": false,
            "wandb_proj_name": "debug"
        },
        "save": {
            "enabled": true,
            "every_n_seconds": null,
            "every_n_epochs": 50,
            "epochs": [],
            "on_best_validation": false,
            "on_best_rollout_return": false,
            "on_best_rollout_success_rate": true
        },
        "epoch_every_n_steps": 100,
        "validation_epoch_every_n_steps": 10,
        "env": null,
        "additional_envs": null,
        "render": false,
        "render_video": true,
        "keep_all_videos": false,
        "video_skip": 5,
        "rollout": {
            "enabled": true,
            "n": 50,
            "horizon": 400,
            "rate": 50,
            "warmstart": 0,
            "terminate_on_success": true
        }
    },
    "train": {
        "data": "/home/idm/Documents/mimicgen/robosuite/robosuite/scripts/generate_dataset/tmp/draw_data/demo_obs.hdf5",
        "output_dir": "/home/idm/Documents/mimicgen/robosuite/robosuite/scripts/generate_dataset/tmp/draw_data/trained_models",
        "num_data_workers": 0,
        "hdf5_cache_mode": "all",
        "hdf5_use_swmr": true,
        "hdf5_load_next_obs": false,
        "hdf5_normalize_obs": false,
        "hdf5_filter_key": null,
        "hdf5_validation_filter_key": null,
        "seq_length": 10,
        "pad_seq_length": true,
        "frame_stack": 1,
        "pad_frame_stack": true,
        "dataset_keys": [
            "actions",
            "rewards",
            "dones"
        ],
        "goal_mode": null,
        "cuda": true,
        "batch_size": 100,
        "num_epochs": 2000,
        "seed": 1
    },
    "algo": {
        "optim_params": {
            "policy": {
                "optimizer_type": "adam",
                "learning_rate": {
                    "initial": 0.001,
                    "decay_factor": 0.1,
                    "epoch_schedule": [],
                    "scheduler_type": "multistep"
                },
                "regularization": {
                    "L2": 0.0
                }
            }
        },
        "loss": {
            "l2_weight": 1.0,
            "l1_weight": 0.0,
            "cos_weight": 0.0
        },
        "actor_layer_dims": [],
        "gaussian": {
            "enabled": false,
            "fixed_std": false,
            "init_std": 0.1,
            "min_std": 0.01,
            "std_activation": "softplus",
            "low_noise_eval": true
        },
        "gmm": {
            "enabled": true,
            "num_modes": 5,
            "min_std": 0.0001,
            "std_activation": "softplus",
            "low_noise_eval": true
        },
        "vae": {
            "enabled": false,
            "latent_dim": 14,
            "latent_clip": null,
            "kl_weight": 1.0,
            "decoder": {
                "is_conditioned": true,
                "reconstruction_sum_across_elements": false
            },
            "prior": {
                "learn": false,
                "is_conditioned": false,
                "use_gmm": false,
                "gmm_num_modes": 10,
                "gmm_learn_weights": false,
                "use_categorical": false,
                "categorical_dim": 10,
                "categorical_gumbel_softmax_hard": false,
                "categorical_init_temp": 1.0,
                "categorical_temp_anneal_step": 0.001,
                "categorical_min_temp": 0.3
            },
            "encoder_layer_dims": [
                300,
                400
            ],
            "decoder_layer_dims": [
                300,
                400
            ],
            "prior_layer_dims": [
                300,
                400
            ]
        },
        "rnn": {
            "enabled": true,
            "horizon": 10,
            "hidden_dim": 400,
            "rnn_type": "LSTM",
            "num_layers": 2,
            "open_loop": false,
            "kwargs": {
                "bidirectional": false
            }
        },
        "transformer": {
            "enabled": false,
            "context_length": 10,
            "embed_dim": 512,
            "num_layers": 6,
            "num_heads": 8,
            "emb_dropout": 0.1,
            "attn_dropout": 0.1,
            "block_output_dropout": 0.1,
            "sinusoidal_embedding": false,
            "activation": "gelu",
            "supervise_all_steps": false,
            "nn_parameter_for_timesteps": true
        }
    },
    "observation": {
        "modalities": {
            "obs": {
                "low_dim": [
                    "robot0_eef_pos",
                    "robot0_eef_quat",
                    "robot0_gripper_qpos",
                    "object"
                ],
                "rgb": [],
                "depth": [],
                "scan": []
            },
            "goal": {
                "low_dim": [],
                "rgb": [],
                "depth": [],
                "scan": []
            }
        },
        "encoder": {
            "low_dim": {
                "core_class": null,
                "core_kwargs": {},
                "obs_randomizer_class": null,
                "obs_randomizer_kwargs": {}
            },
            "rgb": {
                "core_class": "VisualCore",
                "core_kwargs": {},
                "obs_randomizer_class": null,
                "obs_randomizer_kwargs": {}
            },
            "depth": {
                "core_class": "VisualCore",
                "core_kwargs": {},
                "obs_randomizer_class": null,
                "obs_randomizer_kwargs": {}
            },
            "scan": {
                "core_class": "ScanCore",
                "core_kwargs": {},
                "obs_randomizer_class": null,
                "obs_randomizer_kwargs": {}
            }
        }
    },
    "meta": {
        "hp_base_config_file": null,
        "hp_keys": [],
        "hp_values": []
    }
}

部分训练截图如下，可以看出，因数据太少，导致模型不收敛：

参考资料

RoboMimic