实战：通用二进制格式安装 MySQL(mysql-5.6.47)-2024.4.6(测试成功)

实验环境

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Fl4duisOKh3QdjDC81V9jA?pwd=17ev

提取码：17ev
2024.4.6-实战：通用二进制格式安装 MySQL(mysql-5.6.47)-2024.4.6(测试成功)

1、下载url

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2、准备用户

bash 复制代码

[root@linux-test ~]#groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@linux-test ~]#useradd -r -g 306 -u 306 -d /data/mysql mysql

3、准备数据目录，建议使用逻辑卷

bash 复制代码

#可选做，后面的脚本mysql_install_db可自动生成此目录(推荐还是这里做了为好)

[root@linux-test ~]#mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@linux-test ~]#chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql

4、准备二进制程序

bash 复制代码

[root@linux-test ~]#tar xvf mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@linux-test ~]#cd /usr/local
[root@linux-test local]#ln -s mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
[root@linux-test local]#chown -R root:root /usr/local/mysql/

5、准备配置文件

bash 复制代码

[root@linux-test ~]#cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@linux-test mysql]#vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir = /data/mysql
#保存退出，其他不行代表保持默认

⚠️ 注意：这里的方法和版本有关系

bash 复制代码

cd /usr/local/mysql
cp -b support-files/my-large.cnf   /etc/my.cnf

其它：
vim /etc/my.cnf
#mysql语句块中添加以下三个选项
[mysqld]
datadir = /data/mysql
innodb_file_per_table = on #在mariadb5.5以上版的是默认值，可不加
skip_name_resolve = on    #禁止主机名解析，建议使用

6、创建数据库文件

bash 复制代码

[root@linux-test ~]#cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@linux-test mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
[root@linux-test mysql]#ls -l /data/mysql/
total 110600
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Apr  1 07:21 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Apr  1 07:21 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Apr  1 07:21 ib_logfile1
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Apr  1 07:21 mysql
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 Apr  1 07:21 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql        6 Apr  1 07:21 test
[root@linux-test mysql]#

7、准备服务脚本，并启动服务

bash 复制代码

[root@linux-test mysql]#cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@linux-test mysql]#chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@linux-test mysql]#service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/linux-test.err'.
 SUCCESS! 
[root@linux-test mysql]#


#检查
[root@linux-test ~]#service mysqld status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (6831)
[root@linux-test ~]#chkconfig --list

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
netconsole      0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
network         0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
[root@linux-test ~]#

6版本：

bash 复制代码

cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
service mysqld start

7版本：

bash 复制代码

#如果有对应的service 文件可以执行下面
cp support-files/systemd/mariadb.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now mariadb

8、PATH路径

BASH 复制代码

[root@linux-test mysql]#echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@linux-test mysql]#. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

##测试：
[root@linux-test ~]#mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.47 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

9、安全初始化

bash 复制代码

#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

Enter current password for root (enter for none): #默认没密码，这里直接回车


You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] #输入n（远程可以登录）

#mysql.sock 使用unix socket登录（只能在本地登录，不能远程登录）；
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock文件

Change the root password? [Y/n] #输入y
New password: #输入密码：xyy520
Re-enter new password: 

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] #输入y

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] #输入y，禁用root远程登录

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] #输入y

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] #输入y（是否加载权限）

10、测试

bash 复制代码

[root@linux-test ~]#netstat -antlp|grep 3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      18288/mysqld        
[root@linux-test ~]#

[root@linux-test ~]#mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@linux-test ~]#mysql -uroot -pxyy520
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14
Server version: 5.6.47 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> \s
--------------
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.47, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

Connection id:          14
Current database:
Current user:           root@localhost
SSL:                    Not in use
Current pager:          stdout
Using outfile:          ''
Using delimiter:        ;
Server version:         5.6.47 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:       10
Connection:             Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:    latin1
Db     characterset:    latin1
Client characterset:    utf8
Conn.  characterset:    utf8
UNIX socket:            /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:                 8 min 2 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 48  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 68  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 61  Queries per second avg: 0.099
--------------

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *ABE374A5F247C93961AD4726B39A5A84FA3BC3B1 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *ABE374A5F247C93961AD4726B39A5A84FA3BC3B1 |
| root | ::1       | *ABE374A5F247C93961AD4726B39A5A84FA3BC3B1 |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>