一、我们在学英语时special 这个单词出现频率高,耳濡目染,所以也爱用,其实有时候省掉special 显得语气平和,表达更地道。例如:
We provide services for special people like the disabled. (我们只服务残障人士这样的特殊群体。)
该句special 可以不要,people 已经有like the disabled 修饰限定,special再没有意义了,翻译时可以不变:
We provide services for people like the disabled. (我们只服务残障人士这样的特殊群体。)
这样是不是显得更地道?但下面的例子special 是应该有的:
---We provide services for special people.
---Like who?
---The disabled.
再看下面的句子:
Occasionally, users have a special requirement that ......(有时候,用户会有一个......的特殊需求。)
同理,这句对requirement 有从句修饰限定,不必要有special:
Occasionally, users have a requirement that ......(有时候,用户会有一个......的(特殊)需求。)
总之,当在论文写作中如果存在修饰限定,最好不加special ,除非一定要强调"特殊"。
二、当无修饰限定词又想表达"特别的、特殊的"时,建议用particular 而不是special,例如:
Deep learning attracted/received/gained particular attention. (深度学习受到特别关注。)
Regularization is of particular interest to deep learning. (正则化对深度学习有特别意义。)
三、particular、specific 表达"特定的",例如:
To set the parameter less than a threshold is for a particular/specific purpose.(把参数设置低于阈值是为了一个特定目的。)
Consider a particular/specific condition/case/situation/scenario.(考虑一个特定条件/情形。)
The point falls into a particular/specific range of the 2D space. (点落入2维空间的特定范围。)
四、specific、concrete 表达"具体的",例如:
Take Internet as a specific/concrete example. (把Internet 作为一个具体例子。)
What's a model? What's an instance? Generally, a model is a set of mathematical equations, and an instance is a specific/concrete entity that satisfies the equations. For example, x^2+y^2=z^2 is a model, and a right triangle is one of its instances. (什么是模型,什么是实例?一般来讲,模型是一组数学方程,而实例是满足这组方程的一个实体。例如,x^2+y^2=z^2 是模型,直角三角形是一个实例。)
(例句原创)