一个用rust写的类似于Skywalking/CAT的迷你trace PHP扩展

Orlion2024-05-14 18:59

封面图片来源：滨田英明hamadahideaki

1. 简介

最近在学习rust，恰好看到了skywalking的php扩展采用了rust编写。有用过Skywalking/CAT之类监控系统的同学应该知道，这类系统对我们开发工作帮助非常大，能够非常快的帮我们定位到问题的关键，比如说现在有一个api的请求响应非常慢，那我们就可以从系统提供的web ui中查询这个api请求的链路各个节点的耗时，从而精准的定位慢的关键。

但是这类系统搭建起来还是比较繁琐的，对于个人开发者或者一些小公司来说成本比较高，因此我在apache/skywalking-php的基础上对其进行精简和部分增强，去掉其上报到skywalking server的部分，将trace log写入到本地文件，在这个本地文件中会记录以下内容：

1. 调用CURL时，记录开始结束时间以及耗时，如果发生错误会将错误信息记录下来

json 复制代码 
{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "CURL",
	"name": "https://error.blog.fanscore.cn/a/57/",
	"payload": {
		"http_code": "0",
		"query": "k1=v1&k2=k2&k3=v3",
		"curl_error": "Could not resolve host: error.blog.fanscore.cn"
	},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.596", // 时间格式%H:%M:%S%.3f
	"end_time": "10:19:03.602",
	"duration_in_micro": 5988 // 耗时
}

{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "CURL",
	"name": "https://blog.fanscore.cn/a/57/",
	"payload": {
		"http_code": "200",
		"curl_error": "",
		"query": "k1=v1&k2=k2&k3=v3"
	},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.602",
	"end_time": "10:19:03.969",
	"duration_in_micro": 366647
}

2. 调用PDO函数时，记录开始结束时间以及耗时，如果发生错误会将错误信息记录下来

json 复制代码 
{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "PDO",
	"name": "__construct",
	"payload": {
		"result": "unknown",
		"dsn": "mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=blog;charset=utf8mb4"
	},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.969",
	"end_time": "10:19:03.980",
	"duration_in_micro": 11175
}
{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "PDO",
	"name": "query",
	"payload": {
		"statement": "select * from article",
		"result": "object(PDOStatement)"
	},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.980",
	"end_time": "10:19:03.985",
	"duration_in_micro": 5471
}
{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "PDO_STATEMENT",
	"name": "fetchAll",
	"payload": {
		"query_string": "select * from article",
		"result": "array(3)"
	},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.985",
	"end_time": "10:19:03.985",
	"duration_in_micro": 25
}

3. 捕获PHP代码中的错误

json 复制代码 
{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "ERROR",
	"name": "E_WARNING: Undefined variable $undefined_value in /Users/orlion/workspace/nginx/www/ptrace/index.php on line 32",
	"payload": {},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.986",
	"end_time": "10:19:03.986",
	"duration_in_micro": 2
}

4. 捕获PHP代码中未捕获的异常

json 复制代码 
{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "EXCEPTION",
	"name": "Exception: test exception in /Users/orlion/workspace/nginx/www/ptrace/index.php on line 34",
	"payload": {
		"trace": "#0 {main}"
	},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.986",
	"end_time": "10:19:03.986",
	"duration_in_micro": 1
}

5. 请求结束后会记录请求开始结束时间、状态码、GET/POST参数

json 复制代码 
{
	"trace_id": "b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef",
	"kind": "URL",
	"name": "/index.php",
	"payload": {
		"$_GET": "{\"a\":\"1\",\"b\":\"2\",\"c\":\"3\"}",
		"$_POST": "[]",
		"method": "GET",
		"status_code": "200"
	},
	"start_time": "10:19:03.595",
	"end_time": "10:19:03.992",
	"duration_in_micro": 397178
}

2. 安装

  1. Requirement

很遗憾，目前只提供mac arm64版本，后续会编译出linux版本，但因为依赖的phper-framework/phper的库不支持windows，因此短期内恐怕不能提供windows版本了。

  1. 进入github.com/Orlion/mini... 下载编译好的扩展二进制文件到本地

  2. 假设第一步将扩展下载到了/tmp/minitrace-v0.1.0-macos-arm64.dylib，编辑php.ini配置文件加入以下配置

ini 复制代码 
[minitrace]
;加载我们的扩展
extension=/tmp/minitrace-v0.1.0-macos-arm64.dylib
;将trace数据输出到/tmp/minitrace.log
minitrace.log_file = /tmp/minitrace.log
  1. 重启fpm

3. 测试使用

编辑以下php文件

PHP 复制代码 
<?php

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://error.blog.fanscore.cn/a/57/?k1=v1&k2=k2&k3=v3#aaa');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
$response = curl_exec($ch);

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://blog.fanscore.cn/a/57/?k1=v1&k2=k2&k3=v3#aaa');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
$response = curl_exec($ch);

$host = '127.0.0.1';
$db   = 'blog';
$user = 'root';
$pass = '123456';
$charset = 'utf8mb4';
$dsn = "mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db;charset=$charset";
$options = [
    PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE            => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
    PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,
    PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES   => false,
];
$pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass, $options);
$stm = $pdo->query('select * from article');
$rows = $stm->fetchAll();
foreach($rows as $row) {
    print_r($row);
}


var_dump($undefined_value);

throw new Exception('test exception');
?>

然后在浏览器中请求该文件，打开/tmp/minitrace.log就能看到如下输出：

json 复制代码 
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"CURL","name":"https://error.blog.fanscore.cn/a/57/","payload":{"http_code":"0","query":"k1=v1&k2=k2&k3=v3","curl_error":"Could not resolve host: error.blog.fanscore.cn"},"start_time":"10:19:03.596","end_time":"10:19:03.602","duration_in_micro":5988}
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"CURL","name":"https://blog.fanscore.cn/a/57/","payload":{"http_code":"200","curl_error":"","query":"k1=v1&k2=k2&k3=v3"},"start_time":"10:19:03.602","end_time":"10:19:03.969","duration_in_micro":366647}
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"PDO","name":"__construct","payload":{"result":"unknown","dsn":"mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=blog;charset=utf8mb4"},"start_time":"10:19:03.969","end_time":"10:19:03.980","duration_in_micro":11175}
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"PDO","name":"query","payload":{"statement":"select * from article","result":"object(PDOStatement)"},"start_time":"10:19:03.980","end_time":"10:19:03.985","duration_in_micro":5471}
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"PDO_STATEMENT","name":"fetchAll","payload":{"query_string":"select * from article","result":"array(3)"},"start_time":"10:19:03.985","end_time":"10:19:03.985","duration_in_micro":25}
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"ERROR","name":"E_WARNING: Undefined variable $undefined_value in /Users/orlion/workspace/nginx/www/ptrace/index.php on line 32","payload":{},"start_time":"10:19:03.986","end_time":"10:19:03.986","duration_in_micro":2}
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"EXCEPTION","name":"Exception: test exception in /Users/orlion/workspace/nginx/www/ptrace/index.php on line 34","payload":{"trace":"#0 {main}"},"start_time":"10:19:03.986","end_time":"10:19:03.986","duration_in_micro":1}
{"trace_id":"b89143d7-0fda-43d5-a688-397aef0ee3ef","kind":"URL","name":"/index.php","payload":{"$_GET":"{\"a\":\"1\",\"b\":\"2\",\"c\":\"3\"}","$_POST":"[]","method":"GET","status_code":"200"},"start_time":"10:19:03.595","end_time":"10:19:03.992","duration_in_micro":397178}

如果这个项目github.com/Orlion/mini... 对你有帮助，欢迎点个star

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