0 前言
在Linux中,获取cpu信息的命令很多,除了我们已经研究的 cat /proc/cpuinfo、lscpu、nproc、hwinfo --cpu 命令,还有 lshw命令。
1 lshw命令的功能
lshw命令源自英文list hardware,即列出系统的硬件信息,这些硬件包括cpu、内存、硬盘、pci设备等等。今天我们主要是使用 lshw命令查询cpu信息。
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]lshw --help
Hardware Lister (lshw) - B.02.17
usage: lshw [-format] [-options ...]
lshw -version
-version print program version (B.02.17)
format can be
-html output hardware tree as HTML
-xml output hardware tree as XML
-short output hardware paths
-businfo output bus information
options can be
-class CLASS only show a certain class of hardware
-C CLASS same as '-class CLASS'
-c CLASS same as '-class CLASS'
-disable TEST disable a test (like pci, isapnp, cpuid, etc. )
-enable TEST enable a test (like pci, isapnp, cpuid, etc. )
-quiet don't display status
-sanitize sanitize output (remove sensitive information like serial numbers, etc.)
-numeric output numeric IDs (for PCI, USB, etc.)
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]
2 使用lshw命令查询cpu信息
2.1 lshw -C cpu:查询cpu信息
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]lshw -C cpu
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
*-cpu:0
physical id: 7
bus info: cpu@0
size: 2600MHz
capacity: 2600MHz
capabilities: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 cpufreq
*-cpu:1
physical id: 8
bus info: cpu@1
size: 2600MHz
capacity: 2600MHz
capabilities: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 cpufreq
*-cpu:2
physical id: 9
bus info: cpu@2
size: 2600MHz
capacity: 2600MHz
capabilities: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 cpufreq
*-cpu:3
physical id: a
bus info: cpu@3
size: 2600MHz
capacity: 2600MHz
capabilities: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 cpufreq
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]
这是关于某个 CPU 的信息。具体含义如下:
序号 | 信息 | 含义 |
---|---|---|
1 | -cpu:0 | CPU编号:表示这是第一个 CPU |
2 | physical id: 7 | 物理 ID是 7 |
3 | bus info: cpu@0 | 总线信息 |
4 | size: 2600MHz | 尺寸是 2600MHz,即主频为 2.6GHz |
5 | capacity: 2600MHz | 容量也是 2600MHz,即主频为 2.6GHz |
6 | capabilities: fp asimd evtstrm aes pmull sha1 sha2 crc32 cpufreq | 功能:包括 fp(浮点运算)、asimd(SIMD指令集)、evtstrm(事件跟踪)、aes(AES加密指令集)、pmull(多项式乘法)、sha1(SHA-1散列函数加速)、sha2(SHA-2散列函数加速)、crc32(CRC32校验)、cpufreq(CPU频率调节) |
2.2 lshw -C cpu -short:查询和显示简短cpu信息
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]lshw -C cpu -short
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
H/W path Device Class Description
==============================================
/0/7 processor
/0/8 processor
/0/9 processor
/0/a processor
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]
2.3 lshw -C cpu -short:查询并以xml格式显示cpu信息
XML
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]lshw -C cpu -xml
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- generated by lshw-B.02.17 -->
<!-- GCC 5.4.0 20160609 -->
<!-- Linux 4.4.131-20200710.kylin.desktop-generic #kylin SMP Fri Jul 10 13:46:24 CST 2020 aarch64 -->
<!-- GNU libc 2 (glibc 2.23) -->
<!-- WARNING: not running as root -->
<list>
<node id="cpu:0" claimed="true" class="processor" handle="">
<physid>7</physid>
<businfo>cpu@0</businfo>
<size units="Hz">2600000000</size>
<capacity units="Hz">2600000000</capacity>
<capabilities>
<capability id="fp" >Floating point instructions</capability>
<capability id="asimd" >Advanced SIMD</capability>
<capability id="evtstrm" >Event stream</capability>
<capability id="aes" >AES instructions</capability>
<capability id="pmull" >PMULL instruction</capability>
<capability id="sha1" >SHA1 instructions</capability>
<capability id="sha2" >SHA2 instructions</capability>
<capability id="crc32" >CRC extension</capability>
<capability id="cpufreq" >CPU Frequency scaling</capability>
</capabilities>
</node>
<node id="cpu:1" claimed="true" class="processor" handle="">
<physid>8</physid>
<businfo>cpu@1</businfo>
<size units="Hz">2600000000</size>
<capacity units="Hz">2600000000</capacity>
<capabilities>
<capability id="fp" >Floating point instructions</capability>
<capability id="asimd" >Advanced SIMD</capability>
<capability id="evtstrm" >Event stream</capability>
<capability id="aes" >AES instructions</capability>
<capability id="pmull" >PMULL instruction</capability>
<capability id="sha1" >SHA1 instructions</capability>
<capability id="sha2" >SHA2 instructions</capability>
<capability id="crc32" >CRC extension</capability>
<capability id="cpufreq" >CPU Frequency scaling</capability>
</capabilities>
</node>
<node id="cpu:2" claimed="true" class="processor" handle="">
<physid>9</physid>
<businfo>cpu@2</businfo>
<size units="Hz">2600000000</size>
<capacity units="Hz">2600000000</capacity>
<capabilities>
<capability id="fp" >Floating point instructions</capability>
<capability id="asimd" >Advanced SIMD</capability>
<capability id="evtstrm" >Event stream</capability>
<capability id="aes" >AES instructions</capability>
<capability id="pmull" >PMULL instruction</capability>
<capability id="sha1" >SHA1 instructions</capability>
<capability id="sha2" >SHA2 instructions</capability>
<capability id="crc32" >CRC extension</capability>
<capability id="cpufreq" >CPU Frequency scaling</capability>
</capabilities>
</node>
<node id="cpu:3" claimed="true" class="processor" handle="">
<physid>a</physid>
<businfo>cpu@3</businfo>
<size units="Hz">2600000000</size>
<capacity units="Hz">2600000000</capacity>
<capabilities>
<capability id="fp" >Floating point instructions</capability>
<capability id="asimd" >Advanced SIMD</capability>
<capability id="evtstrm" >Event stream</capability>
<capability id="aes" >AES instructions</capability>
<capability id="pmull" >PMULL instruction</capability>
<capability id="sha1" >SHA1 instructions</capability>
<capability id="sha2" >SHA2 instructions</capability>
<capability id="crc32" >CRC extension</capability>
<capability id="cpufreq" >CPU Frequency scaling</capability>
</capabilities>
</node>
</list>
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]
2.4 lshw -C cpu -html:查询并以htm格式显示cpu信息
XML
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]lshw -C cpu -html
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="lshw-B.02.17" />
<style type="text/css">
.first {font-weight: bold; margin-left: none; padding-right: 1em;vertical-align: top; }
.second {padding-left: 1em; width: 100%; vertical-align: center; }
.id {font-family: monospace;}
.indented {margin-left: 2em; border-left: dotted thin #dde; padding-bottom: 1em; }
.node {border: solid thin #ffcc66; padding: 1em; background: #ffffcc; }
.node-unclaimed {border: dotted thin #c3c3c3; padding: 1em; background: #fafafa; color: red; }
.node-disabled {border: solid thin #f55; padding: 1em; background: #fee; color: gray; }
</style>
<title>gxxc-ce3000f</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
<table width="100%" class="node" summary="attributes of cpu:0">
<thead><tr><td class="first">id:</td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu:0</div></td></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="first">physical id: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">7</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">bus info: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu@0</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">size: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capacity: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capabilities: </td><td class="second"><dfn title="Floating point instructions">fp</dfn> <dfn title="Advanced SIMD">asimd</dfn> <dfn title="Event stream">evtstrm</dfn> <dfn title="AES instructions">aes</dfn> <dfn title="PMULL instruction">pmull</dfn> <dfn title="SHA1 instructions">sha1</dfn> <dfn title="SHA2 instructions">sha2</dfn> <dfn title="CRC extension">crc32</dfn> <dfn title="CPU Frequency scaling">cpufreq</dfn> </td></tr>
</tbody> </table></div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
<table width="100%" class="node" summary="attributes of cpu:1">
<thead><tr><td class="first">id:</td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu:1</div></td></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="first">physical id: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">8</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">bus info: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu@1</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">size: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capacity: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capabilities: </td><td class="second"><dfn title="Floating point instructions">fp</dfn> <dfn title="Advanced SIMD">asimd</dfn> <dfn title="Event stream">evtstrm</dfn> <dfn title="AES instructions">aes</dfn> <dfn title="PMULL instruction">pmull</dfn> <dfn title="SHA1 instructions">sha1</dfn> <dfn title="SHA2 instructions">sha2</dfn> <dfn title="CRC extension">crc32</dfn> <dfn title="CPU Frequency scaling">cpufreq</dfn> </td></tr>
</tbody> </table></div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
<table width="100%" class="node" summary="attributes of cpu:2">
<thead><tr><td class="first">id:</td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu:2</div></td></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="first">physical id: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">9</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">bus info: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu@2</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">size: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capacity: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capabilities: </td><td class="second"><dfn title="Floating point instructions">fp</dfn> <dfn title="Advanced SIMD">asimd</dfn> <dfn title="Event stream">evtstrm</dfn> <dfn title="AES instructions">aes</dfn> <dfn title="PMULL instruction">pmull</dfn> <dfn title="SHA1 instructions">sha1</dfn> <dfn title="SHA2 instructions">sha2</dfn> <dfn title="CRC extension">crc32</dfn> <dfn title="CPU Frequency scaling">cpufreq</dfn> </td></tr>
</tbody> </table></div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
<table width="100%" class="node" summary="attributes of cpu:3">
<thead><tr><td class="first">id:</td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu:3</div></td></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="first">physical id: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">a</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">bus info: </td><td class="second"><div class="id">cpu@3</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">size: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capacity: </td><td class="second">2600MHz</td></tr>
<tr><td class="first">capabilities: </td><td class="second"><dfn title="Floating point instructions">fp</dfn> <dfn title="Advanced SIMD">asimd</dfn> <dfn title="Event stream">evtstrm</dfn> <dfn title="AES instructions">aes</dfn> <dfn title="PMULL instruction">pmull</dfn> <dfn title="SHA1 instructions">sha1</dfn> <dfn title="SHA2 instructions">sha2</dfn> <dfn title="CRC extension">crc32</dfn> <dfn title="CPU Frequency scaling">cpufreq</dfn> </td></tr>
</tbody> </table></div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
</div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
</div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
</div>
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</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
</div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
<div class="indented">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="indented">
</div>
</body>
</html>
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.
[purpleendurer @ bash ~ ]