1、功能介绍
通过Excel表配置表数据,一键生成对应Excel配置表的数据结构类、数据容器类、已经二进制数据文件,加载二进制数据文件获取所有表数据
需要使用Excel读取的dll包
2、关键代码
2.1 ExcelTool类
实现一键生成Excel配置表的数据结构类、数据容器类、已经二进制数据文件
cs
using Excel;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
public class ExcelTool
{
/// <summary>
/// excel文件存放路径
/// </summary>
public static string EXCEL_PATH = Application.dataPath + "/ArtRes/Excel/";
/// <summary>
/// 数据结构类脚本存储路径
/// </summary>
public static string DATA_CLASS_PATH = Application.dataPath + "/Scripts/ExcelData/DataClass/";
/// <summary>
/// 容器类脚本存储路径
/// </summary>
public static string DATA_CONTAINER_PATH = Application.dataPath + "/Scripts/ExcelData/Container/";
/// <summary>
/// 二进制数据存储路径
/// </summary>
//public static string DATA_BINARY_PATH = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/Bianry/";
/// <summary>
/// 真正内容开始行号
/// </summary>
public static int BEGIN_INDEX = 4;
[MenuItem("GameTool/GenerateExcelInfo")]
private static void GenerateExcelInfo()
{
//加载指定路径中的所有Excel文件 用于生成对应的3个文件
DirectoryInfo dInfo = Directory.CreateDirectory(EXCEL_PATH);
//得到指定路径中的所有文件信息 相当于就是得到所有的Exce1表
FileInfo[] files = dInfo.GetFiles();
//数据容器
DataTableCollection tableCollection;
for (int i = 0; i < files.Length; i++)
{
//如果不是Excel文件就不要处理
if (files[i].Extension != ".xlsx" && files[i].Extension != ".xls")
continue;
//打开一个excel文件得到其中所有表的数据
using(FileStream fs = files[i].Open(FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
IExcelDataReader excelReader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateOpenXmlReader(fs);
tableCollection = excelReader.AsDataSet().Tables;
fs.Close();
}
//遍历文件中的所有表的信息
foreach (DataTable table in tableCollection)
{
Debug.Log(table.TableName);
//生成数据结构类
GenerateExcelDataClass(table);
//生成容器类
GenerateExcelContainer(table);
//生成2进制数据
GenerateExcelBinary(table);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成Excel表对应的数据结构类
/// </summary>
/// <param name="table"></param>
private static void GenerateExcelDataClass(DataTable table)
{
//字段名行
DataRow rowName = GetVariableNameRow(table);
//字段类型行
DataRow rowType = GetVariableTypeRow(table);
//判断路径是否存在 没有的话 就创建文件夹
if (!Directory.Exists(DATA_CLASS_PATH))
Directory.CreateDirectory(DATA_CLASS_PATH);
//如果我们要生成对应的数据结构类脚本 其实就是通过代码进行字符串拼接 然后存进文件就行了
string str = "public class " + table.TableName + "\n{\n";
//变量进行字符串拼接
for (int i = 0; i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
{
str += "\tpublic " + rowType[i].ToString() + " " + rowName[i].ToString() + ";\n";
}
str += "}\n";
//把拼接好的字符串存进占地文件中
File.WriteAllText(DATA_CLASS_PATH + table.TableName + ".cs", str);
//刷新Project窗口
AssetDatabase.Refresh();
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成Excel表对应的数据容器类
/// </summary>
/// <param name="table"></param>
private static void GenerateExcelContainer(DataTable table)
{
//得到主键索引
int keyIndex = GetKeyIndex(table);
//得到字段类型行
DataRow rowType = GetVariableTypeRow(table);
//没有路径就创建路径
if (!Directory.Exists(DATA_CONTAINER_PATH))
Directory.CreateDirectory (DATA_CONTAINER_PATH);
string str = "using System.Collections.Generic;\n\n";
str += "public class " + table.TableName + "Container" + "\n{\n";
str += "\tpublic Dictionary<" + rowType[keyIndex].ToString() + ", " + table.TableName + ">";
str += "dataDic = new Dictionary<" + rowType[keyIndex].ToString() + ", " + table.TableName + ">();\n";
str += "}";
File.WriteAllText(DATA_CONTAINER_PATH + table.TableName + "Container.cs", str);
//刷新Project窗口
AssetDatabase.Refresh();
}
/// <summary>
/// 生成Excel 2进制数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="table"></param>
private static void GenerateExcelBinary(DataTable table)
{
//没有路径创建路径
if(!Directory.Exists(BinaryDataMgr.DATA_BINARY_PATH))
Directory.CreateDirectory(BinaryDataMgr.DATA_BINARY_PATH);
//创建一个2进制文件进行写入
using(FileStream fs = new FileStream(BinaryDataMgr.DATA_BINARY_PATH + table.TableName + ".zhou", FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write))
{
//存储具体的Excel对应的2进制信息
//1.先要存储需要写的行数
//-4 因为前面4行是配置规则 不是需要记录的数据内容
fs.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(table.Rows.Count - 4), 0, 4);
//2.存储主键的变量名
string keyName = GetVariableNameRow(table)[GetKeyIndex(table)].ToString();
byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(keyName);
//存储字符串字节数据的长度
fs.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(keyName.Length), 0, 4);
//存储字符串字节数组
fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
//遍历所有内容的行 进行2进制的写入
DataRow row;
//得到类型行 根据类型来决定应该如何写入
DataRow rowType = GetVariableTypeRow(table);
for (int i = BEGIN_INDEX; i < table.Rows.Count; i++)
{
//得到一行的数据
row = table.Rows[i];
for (int j = 0; j < table.Columns.Count; j++)
{
switch(rowType[j].ToString())
{
case "int":
fs.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(int.Parse(row[j].ToString())), 0, 4);
break;
case "float":
fs.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(float.Parse(row[j].ToString())), 0, 4);
break;
case "bool":
fs.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(bool.Parse(row[j].ToString())), 0, 1);
break;
case "string":
bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(row[j].ToString());
//写入字节数据的长度
fs.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(bytes.Length), 0, 4);
//写入字符串字节数组
fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
break;
}
}
}
fs.Close();
}
AssetDatabase.Refresh();
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取变量名所在行
/// </summary>
/// <param name="table"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static DataRow GetVariableNameRow(DataTable table)
{
return table.Rows[0];
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取变量类型所在行
/// </summary>
/// <param name="table"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static DataRow GetVariableTypeRow(DataTable table)
{
return table.Rows[1];
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取主键索引
/// </summary>
/// <param name="table"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static int GetKeyIndex(DataTable table)
{
DataRow row = table.Rows[2];
for (int i = 0;i < table.Columns.Count; i++)
{
if (row[i].ToString() == "key")
return i;
}
return 0;
}
}
2.2 BinaryDataMgr
保存数据,读取数据
读取Excel表生成的二进制文件,加载到内容中以供使用
cs
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Text;
using UnityEngine;
/// <summary>
/// 2进制数据管理器
/// </summary>
public class BinaryDataMgr
{
private static BinaryDataMgr instance = new BinaryDataMgr();
public static BinaryDataMgr Instance => instance;
private BinaryDataMgr() { }
/// <summary>
/// 用于存储所有Excel表数据的容器
/// </summary>
private Dictionary<string, object> tableDic = new Dictionary<string, object>();
/// <summary>
/// 数据存储路径
/// </summary>
private static string SAVE_PATH = Application.persistentDataPath + "/Data/";
/// <summary>
/// 二进制数据存储路径
/// </summary>
public static string DATA_BINARY_PATH = Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/Bianry/";
public void InitData()
{
//加载自己的表到内存
//LoadTable<TowerInfoContainer, TowerInfo>();
//LoadTable<PlayerInfo1Container, PlayerInfo1>();
//LoadTable<TestInfoContainer, TestInfo>();
}
/// <summary>
/// 加载Excel表的2进制数据到内存中
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">容器类名</typeparam>
/// <typeparam name="K">数据结构体类名</typeparam>
public void LoadTable<T, K>()
{
//读取Excel表对应的2进制文件 来进行解析
using (FileStream fs = File.Open(DATA_BINARY_PATH + typeof(K).Name + ".zhou", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
byte[] bytes = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
fs.Close();
//用于记录当前读取了多少字节
int index = 0;
//读取多少行数据
int count = BitConverter.ToInt32 (bytes, index);
index += 4;
//读取主键的名字
int keyNameLength = BitConverter.ToInt32 (bytes, index);
index += 4;
string keyName = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, index, keyNameLength);
index += keyNameLength;
//创建容器类对象
Type contaninerType = typeof (T);
object contaninerObj = Activator.CreateInstance(contaninerType);
//得到数据结构类Type
Type classType = typeof(K);
//通过反射得到数据结构类 所有字段的信息
FieldInfo[] infos = classType.GetFields();
//读取每一行的信息
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
//实例化一个结构对象类 对象
object dataObj = Activator.CreateInstance(classType);
foreach (FieldInfo info in infos)
{
if(info.FieldType == typeof(int))
{
//相当于将2进制数据转为int 然后赋值给对应字段
info.SetValue(dataObj, BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, index));
index += 4;
}
else if (info.FieldType == typeof(float))
{
info.SetValue(dataObj, BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, index));
index += 4;
}
else if (info.FieldType == typeof(bool))
{
info.SetValue(dataObj, BitConverter.ToBoolean(bytes, index));
index += 1;
}
else if (info.FieldType == typeof(string))
{
//读取字符串字节数组长度
int length = BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, index);
index += 4;
info.SetValue(dataObj, Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes, index, length));
index += length;
}
}
//读取完一行的数据后 将这个数据存到容器对象中
object dicObj = contaninerType.GetField("dataDic").GetValue(contaninerObj);
//得到容器字段对象
MethodInfo mInfo = dicObj.GetType().GetMethod("Add");
//得到数据结构类对象中 指定主键字段的值
object keyValue = classType.GetField(keyName).GetValue(dataObj);
mInfo.Invoke(dicObj, new object[] { keyValue, dataObj });
}
//把读取完的表记录下来
tableDic.Add(typeof(T).Name, contaninerObj);
fs.Close();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 得到一张表的信息
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">容器类名</typeparam>
/// <returns></returns>
public T GetTable<T>() where T : class
{
string tableName = typeof(T).Name;
if(tableDic.ContainsKey(tableName))
{
return tableDic[tableName] as T;
}
return null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 存储类对象数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="data"></param>
/// <param name="fileName"></param>
public void Save(object data, string fileName)
{
if(!Directory.Exists(SAVE_PATH))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(SAVE_PATH);
}
using(FileStream fs = new FileStream(SAVE_PATH + fileName + ".zhou", FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write))
{
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
bf.Serialize(fs, data);
fs.Flush();
fs.Close();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取2进制数据转换成对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="fileName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public T Load<T>(string fileName) where T : class
{
if(!File.Exists(SAVE_PATH + fileName + ".zhou"))
{
return default(T);
}
T data;
using(FileStream fs = new FileStream(SAVE_PATH + fileName + ".zhou", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
data = bf.Deserialize(fs) as T;
fs.Close();
}
return data;
}
}
3、使用步骤
3.1 根据规则创建Excel配置表
创建的Excel表需要放置到ArtRes/Excel路径下
Excel配置规则
- 第一行:字段名
- 第二行:字段类型(字段类型一定不要配置错误,字段类型目前只支持int float bool string)如果想要在添加类型,需要ExcelTool的GenerateExcelBianary和BianryDataMgr的LoadTable方法当中对应添加读写的逻辑
- 第三行:主键是哪一个字段 需要通过key来标识主键
- 第四行:描述信息(只是给别人看,不会有别的作用)
- 第五行~第n行:就是具体数据信息
- 下方的表名决定类数据结构类,容器类,2进制文件的文件名
3.2 点击按钮GenerateExcelInfo
生成所有Excel表的数据结构类、数据结构容器类和二进制数据文件
3.3 完善BinaryDataMgr的InitData()方法,将自己创建的表进行加载
cs
public void InitData()
{
//加载自己的表到内存
//LoadTable<TowerInfoContainer, TowerInfo>();
//LoadTable<PlayerInfo1Container, PlayerInfo1>();
//LoadTable<TestInfoContainer, TestInfo>();
LoadTable<WeaponItemContainer, WeaponItem>();
}
3.4 初始化数据,加载数据到内存
BinaryDataMgr.Instance.InitData() 加载二进制数据到内存当中
BinaryDataMgr.Instance.GetTable<TowerInfoContainer>() 获取需要使用的表的数据
cs
BinaryDataMgr.Instance.InitData();
WeaponItemContainer data = BinaryDataMgr.Instance.GetTable<WeaponItemContainer>();
foreach (var item in data.dataDic.Values)
{
Debug.Log($"id:{item.id}-name:{item.name}-des:{item.des}-money:{item.money}-ATK:{item.atk}");
}