问题点
Android 7.0
- 新增FileProvider
- 图片裁减需要的临时权限
java
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);Android 10
-
只能读取自己APP目录下的文件
Unable to open '/storage/emulated/0/: Permission denied
可以添加requestLegacyExternalStorage解决
xml
<application
android:name=".application.MyApplication"
android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
>Android 11
- 需要通过MediaStore API 插入file
Android 13
-
打开相册不再是
READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE而是READ_MEDIA_IMAGES权限android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES
根据Uri获取文件绝对路径，解决Android4.4以上版本Uri转换 兼容Android 10
java
package portrait.bala.portrait;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.FileUtils;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.provider.OpenableColumns;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2017/7/12 0012.
*/
public class FileUtil {
/**
* 根据Uri获取文件绝对路径，解决Android4.4以上版本Uri转换 兼容Android 10
*
* @param context
* @param imageUri
*/
public static String getFileAbsolutePath(Context context, Uri imageUri) {
if (context == null || imageUri == null) {
return null;
}
//4.4以下的版本
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
return getRealFilePath(context, imageUri);
}
//大于4.4，小于10
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT && android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.Q && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, imageUri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(imageUri)) {
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
String[] split = docId.split(":");
String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(imageUri)) {
String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads" +
"/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
} else if (isMediaDocument(imageUri)) {
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(imageUri);
String[] split = docId.split(":");
String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=?";
String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
}
// MediaStore (and general) 大于等于10
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
return uriToFileApiQ(context, imageUri);
} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {
// Return the remote address
if (isGooglePhotosUri(imageUri)) {
return imageUri.getLastPathSegment();
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
return getFilePathFromUri(context, imageUri); //content 类型
} else {
return getDataColumn(context, imageUri, null, null);
}
}
// File
else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(imageUri.getScheme())) {
return imageUri.getPath();
}
return null;
}
private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
String column = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA;
String[] projection = {column};
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs
, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(index);
}
}catch (Exception E){
E.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
}
return null;
}
private static String getRealFilePath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
if (null == uri) {
return null;
}
final String scheme = uri.getScheme();
String data = null;
if (scheme == null) {
data = uri.getPath();
} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(scheme)) {
data = uri.getPath();
} else if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) {
String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA};
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null);
if (null != cursor) {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int index = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA);
if (index > -1) {
data = cursor.getString(index);
}
}
cursor.close();
}
}
return data;
}
private static String getFilePathFromUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
String realFilePath = getRealFilePath(context, uri); //防止获取不到真实的地址，因此这里需要进行判断
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(realFilePath)) {
return realFilePath;
}
File filesDir = context.getApplicationContext().getFilesDir();
String fileName = getFileName(uri);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(fileName)) {
File copyFile1 = new File(filesDir + File.separator + fileName);
copyFile(context, uri, copyFile1);
return copyFile1.getAbsolutePath();
}
return null;
}
private static void copyFile(Context context, Uri srcUri, File dstFile) {
try {
InputStream inputStream = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(srcUri);
if (inputStream == null) {
return;
}
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(dstFile);
copyStream(inputStream, outputStream);
inputStream.close();
outputStream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static int copyStream(InputStream input, OutputStream output) {
final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024 * 2;
byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(input, BUFFER_SIZE);
BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(output, BUFFER_SIZE);
int count = 0, n = 0;
try {
while ((n = in.read(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE)) != -1) {
out.write(buffer, 0, n);
count += n;
}
out.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
try {
out.close();
in.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
return count;
}
private static String getFileName(Uri uri) {
if (uri == null) {
return null;
}
String fileName = null;
String path = uri.getPath();
int cut = path.lastIndexOf('/');
if (cut != -1) {
fileName = path.substring(cut + 1);
}
return fileName;
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
*/
private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
*/
private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
*/
private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is Google Photos.
*/
private static boolean isGooglePhotosUri(Uri uri) {
return "com.google.android.apps.photos.content".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
/**
* Android 10 以上适配
*
* @param context
* @param uri
* @return
*/
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q)
private static String uriToFileApiQ(Context context, Uri uri) {
File file = null;
//android10以上转换
if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE)) {
file = new File(uri.getPath());
} else if (uri.getScheme().equals(ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT)) {
//把文件复制到沙盒目录
ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
@SuppressLint("Range") String displayName =
cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME));
try {
InputStream is = contentResolver.openInputStream(uri);
File file1 =
new File(context.getExternalCacheDir().getAbsolutePath() + "/" + System.currentTimeMillis());
if (!file1.exists()) {
file1.mkdir();
}
File cache = new File(file1.getPath(), displayName);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(cache);
FileUtils.copy(is, fos);
file = cache;
fos.close();
is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return file.getAbsolutePath();
}
/**
* 获取目录文件大小
*
* @param dir
* @return
*/
public static long getDirSize(File dir) {
if (dir == null) {
return 0;
}
if (!dir.isDirectory()) {
return 0;
}
long dirSize = 0;
File[] files = dir.listFiles();
for (File file : files) {
if (file.isFile()) {
dirSize += file.length();
} else if (file.isDirectory()) {
dirSize += file.length();
dirSize += getDirSize(file); // 递归调用继续统计
}
}
return dirSize;
}
/**
* 转换文件大小
*
* @param fileS
* @return B/KB/MB/GB
*/
public static String formatFileSize(long fileS) {
java.text.DecimalFormat df = new java.text.DecimalFormat("#.00");
String fileSizeString = "";
if (fileS < 1024) {
fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS) + "B";
} else if (fileS < 1048576) {
fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1024) + "KB";
} else if (fileS < 1073741824) {
fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1048576) + "MB";
} else {
fileSizeString = df.format((double) fileS / 1073741824) + "G";
}
return fileSizeString;
}
public static File saveFile(String filePath,String fileName, Bitmap bitmap){
ByteArrayOutputStream baos =new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG,100,baos);
byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
try {
File file = new File(filePath, fileName);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
fos.write(bytes);
fos.close();
return file;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}完整代码
java
package portrait.bala.portrait;
import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import java.io.File;
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultLauncher;
import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;
import static android.os.Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES;
public class MainActivity extends ComponentActivity {
//改变头像的标记位
private ImageView headImage = null;
private final int PERMISSION_CAMERA = 0;//读和相机权限
private final int PERMISSION_READ = 1;//读取权限
private final String picPermission = PermissionUtil.getReadImgPermission();
private Uri fileUri;
private boolean isToCrop = true;
private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> cropLauncher;
private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> takePhotoLauncher;
private ActivityResultLauncher<Intent> albumLauncher;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
headImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);
Button buttonLocal = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonLocal);
buttonLocal.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
checkPicPermission();
}
});
Button buttonCamera = (Button) findViewById(R.id.buttonCamera);
buttonCamera.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
checkCameraPermission();//检查是否有权限
}
});
cropLauncher =
registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> {
if (result.getResultCode() != Activity.RESULT_OK) return;
setImageToHeadView(result.getData().getData());
});
albumLauncher =
registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> {
if (result.getResultCode() != Activity.RESULT_OK) return;
try {
if (isToCrop) {
cropRawPhoto(result.getData().getData());
} else {
setImageToHeadView(result.getData().getData());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
takePhotoLauncher =
registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> {
if (result.getResultCode() != Activity.RESULT_OK) return;
try {
if (isToCrop) {
cropRawPhoto(fileUri);
} else {
setImageToHeadView(fileUri);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
}
// 从本地相册选取图片作为头像
private void choseHeadImageFromGallery() {
Intent intentFromGallery = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, null);
intentFromGallery.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*");
// startActivityForResult(intentFromGallery, CODE_GALLERY_REQUEST);
albumLauncher.launch(intentFromGallery);
}
// 启动手机相机拍摄照片作为头像
private void choseHeadImageFromCameraCapture() {
File file = buildTemporaryFile();
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { //如果是7.0以上，使用FileProvider，否则会报错
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
fileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,
getPackageName() + ".fileProvider", file);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri); //设置拍照后图片保存的位置
}
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString()); //设置图片保存的格式
takePhotoLauncher.launch(intent);
}
private void checkCameraPermission() {
int result = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
String[] permissions = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA};
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_CAMERA);
} else {
choseHeadImageFromCameraCapture();
}
}
private void checkPicPermission() {
int permission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, picPermission);
if (permission == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
String[] permissions = {picPermission};
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_READ);
} else {
choseHeadImageFromGallery();
}
}
//权限申请回调
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
switch (requestCode) {
case PERMISSION_CAMERA:
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
choseHeadImageFromCameraCapture();
}
break;
case PERMISSION_READ:
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
choseHeadImageFromGallery();
}
break;
}
}
/**
* 裁剪原始的图片
*/
public void cropRawPhoto(Uri uri) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1); //X方向上的比例
intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1); //Y方向上的比例
intent.putExtra("outputX", 500); //裁剪区的宽
intent.putExtra("outputY", 500);//裁剪区的高
intent.putExtra("scale ", true); //是否保留比例
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
// 7.0 使用 FileProvider 并赋予临时权限
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
}
File temporaryFile = buildTemporaryFile();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
createCropImageFile();
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri);
} else {
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri = Uri.fromFile(temporaryFile)); //设置输出
}
cropLauncher.launch(intent);
}
public File buildTemporaryFile() {
File file;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
file = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES),
System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
} else {
file = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
}
return file;
}
public void createCropImageFile() {
try {
long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
String fileName = "IMG_" + currentTimeMillis + "_CROP.jpg";
File imgFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES) + File.separator + fileName);
// 通过 MediaStore API 插入file 为了拿到系统裁剪要保存到的uri（因为App没有权限不能访问公共存储空间，需要通过 MediaStore API来操作）
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, imgFile.getAbsolutePath());
values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);
values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpeg");
fileUri = getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 提取保存裁剪之后的图片数据，并设置头像部分的View
*/
private void setImageToHeadView(Uri uri) {
try {
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri));
headImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}