![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/e62b5d2dbb7f4946bddff35b4c873211.png)
debian 前言
Debian是一个基于Linux内核的自由和开放源代码操作系统,由全球志愿者组成的Debian项目维护和开发。该项目始于1993年,由Ian Murdock发起,旨在创建一个完整的、基于Linux的自由软件操作系统。
debian download
|--------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| debian | debian 历史版 | debian 发行版 | debian 安装 | debian preseed.cfg自动化编排 | Debian 全球镜像站 |
| download | download | 参考 | 参考 | 参考 | download |
| download | download | 参考 | 参考 | 参考 | download |
| download | download | 参考 | 参考 | 参考 | download |
开始安装debian
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/85979e6111004923b4ac9c29f74a71ae.png)
语言选择
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/199ff524a5d6440d9c97440cb37fbe9e.png)
时区设置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/3fd59ae501ad42f7896df6d57b05ad48.png)
选择键盘模式:American English
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/3c5a72ad19b349daa897bba6caf674e7.png)
配置网卡,选择GO Back
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/6930b75a20d94ffcbe79eae77797c96a.png)
手动配置IP
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/b13216b9faf348f39bd23db7d7cfb92c.png)
ip 配置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/9527508a486e47a289998c64af529543.png)
子网掩码配置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/cdb59fc665484e9ea5fa06e5725f743d.png)
网关配置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/48b6bf1236e34fef94b325c2d529d0d1.png)
DNS配置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/05299db588d94f95bae8da9c81c70e19.png)
主机名称设置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/6726009a57ee4f07b80b60458d267a10.png)
设置域名:可不填写
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/c8b1fa2378a04e6aa175e62ec2914be3.png)
root 密码配置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/4f95bed1a26b4130b7d1f0db6f38bd0f.png)
创建普通用户
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/4aa41b8d4b494623b3e3546525822356.png)
普通用户密码配置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/e188762a1d414eeca7e1a5bc20bf1695.png)
时间服务器配置
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/ad52e69e1dfd4b078b91a023a4646649.png)
磁盘分区方式选择,使用所有分区
- Guided-use entire disk 带引导模式方式直接使用整块磁盘
- Guided-use entire disk and set up LVM 带引导模式方式使用整块磁盘并使用LVM,LVM(Logical Volume Mananger)逻辑卷管理,可对磁盘进行弹性管理
- Guided-use entire disk and set up encrypted LVM 带引导模式方式使用整块磁盘并使用加密的LVM
- Manual 完全手动模式
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/94abe432b3c04c19a0058db2e0ebad08.png)
磁盘分区
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/dcee0550eecf4beab2c8aa4f8dc8a36c.png)
所有的文件都位于一个分区中
- All files in one partition(recommended for new users) 所有的文件都位于一个分区中(推荐新用户)
- Separate /home partition 单独设置home分区
- Separate /home,/var,and /tmp partitions 单独设置home分区,var分区以及tmp分区
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/cfca836e029c4ef1a31aed7a4f985eaf.png)
磁盘分区,提醒磁盘将被改变并设置LVM,选择:Yes
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/c2471a79ad9448f59e9dbe54688ce87d.png)
指定分区要使用的磁盘大小,默认使用整个磁盘的大小,默认即可
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/ea888f470a72457ebda720ad0ac30547.png)
获取将要对磁盘的操作信息,选择:no
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/2edb63b612704aeba5e7ba850929606f.png)
更改/分区为xfs,便于后期在线扩容
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/cf24bf680c584a6bbd2675cd40e088d9.png)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/0778386adb5b4dee890a506568306c04.png)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/8505979e92df43efa427667a1d279145.png)
磁盘更改完成,选择yes ,格式化磁盘
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/2600d05d21cf4433a342b704c36cafb0.png)
开始安装系统
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/d10cf8b7cebf48449c9f4ed1566d1cd5.png)
是否扫描安装介质,选择:No
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/c687e316d66b422da217da9ee5140306.png)
是否使用网络镜像源,选择:yes
- 国内网络不好,此处可根据自身网络情况选择,选择no,后续手动更改源即可
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/b15909e8d6754707a51310bab384b3df.png)
选择网络源
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/8fffa4b3234049eead88c9e859761e4e.png)
配置包管理器
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/8d7dcecf33f24b3f8151765cd5adff2c.png)
等待安装
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/9e2d310e95524cb29ed2d715d4f550e1.png)
是否参与使用系统调查(每周系统自动提交一个脚本给系统开发者),选择:No
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/15604fbeb27e4fdc9b4a02635a977082.png)
命令行安装
standard
(标准工具)desktop
(图形化桌面)gnome-desktop
(Gnome 桌面)xfce-desktop
(XFCE 桌面)kde-desktop
(KDE Plasma 桌面)cinnamon-desktop
(Cinnamon 桌面)mate-desktop
(MATE 桌面)desktop)lxde-desktop
(LXDE 桌面)web-server
(web 服务器)ssh-server
(SSH 服务器)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/61169930e2474d758cf50a65e6f6d2f9.png)
安装中,等待
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/b6ae21b1ea7741ff93bfdef2fffe7109.png)
重启 reboot
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/1963f0379cd640dd8d3ae05053515d75.png)
shell 登录查看
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/4d60c386ea604ff2abf9e9f665a8bd21.png)
远程SSH 连接配置
-
重启ssh
cat >>/etc/ssh/sshd_config<<EOF
add 18
PermitRootLogin yes
EOFsystemctl restart ssh
更换阿里云源
-
echo "Change the debian source"
mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bakcat <<'EOF'>>/etc/apt/sources.list
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bookworm-security main
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bookworm-backports main non-free non-free-firmware contrib
EOFapt-get clean
apt-get update
apt install -y vim
切换sh为bash
ln -sf bash /bin/sh
Network 配置
nic_network_name=`ifconfig -s | awk 'NR>1 && !/^lo/ && !/^idrac/ && !/^br/ && !/^veth/ && !/^docker/{print $1; exit}'`
IP_ADDRESS="192.168.11.69"
PREFIX_mask="24"
GATEWAY="192.168.11.1"
DNS1="8.8.8.8"
echo "delete default interfaces"
rm -rf /etc/network/interfaces
echo "Function interfaces"
cat <<EOF>>/etc/network/interfaces
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
allow-hotplug $nic_network_name
iface $nic_network_name inet static
address $IP_ADDRESS/$PREFIX_mask
gateway $GATEWAY
dns-nameservers $DNS1
EOF
echo "Restart the NIC to take effect"
systemctl restart ifup@$nic_network_name