ESP32CAM物联网教学11

tongyue2024-07-15 15:15

ESP32CAM物联网教学11

霍霍webserver

在第八课的时候，小智把乐鑫公司提供的官方示例程序CameraWebServer改成了明码，这样说明这个官方程序也是可以更改的嘛。这个官方程序有四个文件，一共3500行代码，看着都头晕，小智决定对这个官方程序下手，砍一砍，看看能看到多少行代码！

  • 整合、删减

首先把四个文件整合成一个文件。

Camera_pins.h这个是定义摄像头引脚接口的，我们仅仅保留AI_THINKER这种摄像头的接口；camera_index.h是服务网页的源代码，我们只保留改编后的明码；接来着是更改最多的app_httpd.cpp，这个是定义了网页服务的后台程序。

这个官方程序在设计的时候，主要是面向更多款式的ESP32Cam开发板，为用户提供更多的使用操作，提供了非常丰富、非常完整的服务，是一个主打"通用型程序"。但是，我们在这里的目的是删减，只要保留着针对手中的这块ESP32Cam，程序只要能跑就好，不需要更多的花里胡哨，删减程序主打"专用型程序"。

因此，如图所示，我们在这个程序中，仅仅保留了两个网页服务：一个是主页index.html，一个是视频服务Stream。然后把其他的相关内容全部删除，经过删减，代码打印剩下300行了。

330行代码：

#include "esp_camera.h"
#include <WiFi.h>
#include "esp_http_server.h"

const char* ssid = "ChinaNet-xxVP";
const char* password = "123456789";

void startCameraServer();

//  这个是index.html网页的源代码
static const char mainPage[] = u8R"(
<!doctype html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
        <title>ESP32 OV2460</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <section class="main">
          <div id="content">
            <div id="sidebar">
              <nav id="menu">
                <section id="buttons">
                  <button id="toggle-stream">Start Stream</button>
                  <button id="stggle-stream">Stop Stream</button>
                </section>
              </nav>
            </div>
            <figure>
              <div id="stream-container" class="image-container hidden">
                <img id="stream" src="" crossorigin>
              </div>
            </figure>
          </div>
        </section>
      <script>
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function (event) {
  var baseHost = document.location.origin
  var streamUrl = baseHost + ':81'

  function setWindow(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, offset_x, offset_y, total_x, total_y, output_x, output_y, scaling, binning, cb){
    fetchUrl(`${baseHost}/resolution?sx=${start_x}&sy=${start_y}&ex=${end_x}&ey=${end_y}&offx=${offset_x}&offy=${offset_y}&tx=${total_x}&ty=${total_y}&ox=${output_x}&oy=${output_y}&scale=${scaling}&binning=${binning}`, cb);
  }

  document
    .querySelectorAll('.close')
    .forEach(el => {
      el.onclick = () => {
        hide(el.parentNode)
      }
    })

  const view = document.getElementById('stream')
  const streamButton = document.getElementById('toggle-stream')
  const streamButton2 = document.getElementById('stggle-stream')

  streamButton.onclick = () => {
      view.src = `${streamUrl}/stream`
      show(viewContainer)
  }

  streamButton2.onclick = () => {
      window.stop();
  }
 
})

        </script>
    </body>
</html>
)";

///
// 摄像头引脚 AI_Thinker
#define PWDN_GPIO_NUM     32
#define RESET_GPIO_NUM    -1
#define XCLK_GPIO_NUM      0
#define SIOD_GPIO_NUM     26
#define SIOC_GPIO_NUM     27
#define Y9_GPIO_NUM       35
#define Y8_GPIO_NUM       34
#define Y7_GPIO_NUM       39
#define Y6_GPIO_NUM       36
#define Y5_GPIO_NUM       21
#define Y4_GPIO_NUM       19
#define Y3_GPIO_NUM       18
#define Y2_GPIO_NUM        5
#define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM    25
#define HREF_GPIO_NUM     23
#define PCLK_GPIO_NUM     22
//#define LED_GPIO_NUM       4

///
// 开启调试信息
#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(CONFIG_ARDUHAL_ESP_LOG)
#include "esp32-hal-log.h"
#endif
// 开启模块的存储 PSRAM
#ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
#define CONFIG_ESP_FACE_DETECT_ENABLED 1
#define CONFIG_ESP_FACE_RECOGNITION_ENABLED 0
#endif


#define PART_BOUNDARY "123456789000000000000987654321"
static const char *_STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=" PART_BOUNDARY;
static const char *_STREAM_BOUNDARY = "\r\n--" PART_BOUNDARY "\r\n";
static const char *_STREAM_PART = "Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\nContent-Length: %u\r\nX-Timestamp: %d.%06d\r\n\r\n";

httpd_handle_t stream_httpd = NULL;
httpd_handle_t camera_httpd = NULL;

static esp_err_t stream_handler(httpd_req_t *req)
{
    camera_fb_t *fb = NULL;
    struct timeval _timestamp;
    esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
    size_t _jpg_buf_len = 0;
    uint8_t *_jpg_buf = NULL;
    char *part_buf[128];

    res = httpd_resp_set_type(req, _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE);
    if (res != ESP_OK)
    {
        return res;
    }

    httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "X-Framerate", "60");


    while (true)
    {
        fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
        if (!fb)
        {
            log_e("Camera capture failed");
            res = ESP_FAIL;
        }
        else
        {  // 从摄像头获取图片的数据
          _jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
          _jpg_buf = fb->buf;
        }
        if (res == ESP_OK)
        {
            res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, _STREAM_BOUNDARY, strlen(_STREAM_BOUNDARY));
        }
        if (res == ESP_OK)
        {
            size_t hlen = snprintf((char *)part_buf, 128, _STREAM_PART, _jpg_buf_len, _timestamp.tv_sec, _timestamp.tv_usec);
            res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)part_buf, hlen);
        }
        if (res == ESP_OK)
        {
            res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)_jpg_buf, _jpg_buf_len);
        }
        // 清除相关的内存
        if (fb)
        {
            esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
            fb = NULL;
            _jpg_buf = NULL;
        }
        else if (_jpg_buf)
        {
            free(_jpg_buf);
            _jpg_buf = NULL;
        }
        if (res != ESP_OK)
        {
            log_e("Send frame failed");
            break;
        }
    }
    return res;
}



static esp_err_t index_handler(httpd_req_t *req)
{
    httpd_resp_set_type(req, "text/html");
    //httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Content-Encoding", "gzip");
    httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Content-Encoding", "html");
    sensor_t *s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
    if (s != NULL) {
      //return httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)index_ov2640_html_gz, index_ov2640_html_gz_len);
      const char* charHtml = mainPage;
      return  httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)charHtml, strlen(charHtml));

    } else {
        log_e("Camera sensor not found");
        return httpd_resp_send_500(req);
    }
}

void startCameraServer()
{
    httpd_config_t config = HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
    config.max_uri_handlers = 16;

    httpd_uri_t index_uri = {
        .uri = "/",
        .method = HTTP_GET,
        .handler = index_handler,
        .user_ctx = NULL
    };

    httpd_uri_t stream_uri = {
        .uri = "/stream",
        .method = HTTP_GET,
        .handler = stream_handler,
        .user_ctx = NULL
    };

    log_i("Starting web server on port: '%d'", config.server_port);
    if (httpd_start(&camera_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK)
    {
        httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &index_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &cmd_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &status_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &capture_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &bmp_uri);

        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &xclk_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &reg_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &greg_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &pll_uri);
        //httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &win_uri);

    }
     
    config.server_port += 1;
    config.ctrl_port += 1;
    log_i("Starting stream server on port: '%d'", config.server_port);
    if (httpd_start(&stream_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK)
    {
        httpd_register_uri_handler(stream_httpd, &stream_uri);
    }
}

///

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
  Serial.println();

  camera_config_t config;
  config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
  config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
  config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sccb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sccb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
  config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
  config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA;
  config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG; // for streaming
  //config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_RGB565; // for face detection/recognition
  config.grab_mode = CAMERA_GRAB_WHEN_EMPTY;
  config.fb_location = CAMERA_FB_IN_PSRAM;
  config.jpeg_quality = 12;
  config.fb_count = 1;
  
  // if PSRAM IC present, init with UXGA resolution and higher JPEG quality
  //                      for larger pre-allocated frame buffer.
  if(config.pixel_format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
    if(psramFound()){
      config.jpeg_quality = 10;
      config.fb_count = 2;
      config.grab_mode = CAMERA_GRAB_LATEST;
    } else {
      // Limit the frame size when PSRAM is not available
      config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
      config.fb_location = CAMERA_FB_IN_DRAM;
    }
  }

  // camera init
  esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
  if (err != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
    return;
  }

  sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
  // drop down frame size for higher initial frame rate
  if(config.pixel_format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
    s->set_framesize(s, FRAMESIZE_QVGA);
  }


  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  WiFi.setSleep(false);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");

  startCameraServer();

  Serial.print("Camera Ready! Use 'http://");
  Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
  Serial.println("' to connect");
}

void loop() {
  // Do nothing. Everything is done in another task by the web server
  delay(10000);
}
  • 再次删减

我们通过查阅index.html的源码，发现这个视频显示的代码，其实是指向另外的一个网页，结合后台的处理程序，我们知道了这个视频的网址是http://192.168.1.184:81/stream，我们只要在浏览器中直接访问这个网址，也能查看到摄像头的视频。也就是说，我们可以绕开主页index.html，然后直接去访问这个显示视频的网页。

view.src = `${streamUrl}/stream`

show(viewContainer)

这样就给了我们再次删减程序的方法了，我们之间李代桃僵，用这个视频显示的网页，直接代替主页index.html。这样，我们在开发板的后台程序中，可以删减掉原来的index.html的源代码以及页面服务了。

程序经过再次删减，仅剩下200行了。这样，我们新建一个Arduino IDE程序，要把这200行的代码，写入ESP32Cam开发板，就能用浏览器看到这个摄像头的视频了。

为什么删减程序呢？我们在研究这个官方程序的时候，如果是5000行代码，谁看都晕，现在变成200行，一眼就能看得明明白白清清楚楚了。

200行代码：

#include "esp_camera.h"
#include <WiFi.h>
#include "esp_http_server.h"

const char* ssid = "ChinaNet-xxVP";
const char* password = "123456789";

void startCameraServer();

///
// 开启调试信息
#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(CONFIG_ARDUHAL_ESP_LOG)
#include "esp32-hal-log.h"
#endif
// 开启模块的存储 PSRAM
#ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
#define CONFIG_ESP_FACE_DETECT_ENABLED 1
#define CONFIG_ESP_FACE_RECOGNITION_ENABLED 0
#endif


#define PART_BOUNDARY "123456789000000000000987654321"
static const char *_STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=" PART_BOUNDARY;
static const char *_STREAM_BOUNDARY = "\r\n--" PART_BOUNDARY "\r\n";
static const char *_STREAM_PART = "Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\nContent-Length: %u\r\nX-Timestamp: %d.%06d\r\n\r\n";

httpd_handle_t camera_httpd = NULL;

static esp_err_t index_handler(httpd_req_t *req)
{
    camera_fb_t *fb = NULL;
    struct timeval _timestamp;
    esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
    size_t _jpg_buf_len = 0;
    uint8_t *_jpg_buf = NULL;
    char *part_buf[128];

    res = httpd_resp_set_type(req, _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE);
    if (res != ESP_OK)
    {
        return res;
    }

    httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
    httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "X-Framerate", "60");


    while (true)
    {
        fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
        if (!fb)
        {
            log_e("Camera capture failed");
            res = ESP_FAIL;
        }
        else
        {  // 从摄像头获取图片的数据
          _jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
          _jpg_buf = fb->buf;
        }
        if (res == ESP_OK)
        {
            res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, _STREAM_BOUNDARY, strlen(_STREAM_BOUNDARY));
        }
        if (res == ESP_OK)
        {
            size_t hlen = snprintf((char *)part_buf, 128, _STREAM_PART, _jpg_buf_len, _timestamp.tv_sec, _timestamp.tv_usec);
            res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)part_buf, hlen);
        }
        if (res == ESP_OK)
        {
            res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)_jpg_buf, _jpg_buf_len);
        }
        // 清除相关的内存
        if (fb)
        {
            esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
            fb = NULL;
            _jpg_buf = NULL;
        }
        else if (_jpg_buf)
        {
            free(_jpg_buf);
            _jpg_buf = NULL;
        }
        if (res != ESP_OK)
        {
            log_e("Send frame failed");
            break;
        }
    }
    return res;
}

void startCameraServer()
{
    httpd_config_t config = HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
    config.max_uri_handlers = 16;

    httpd_uri_t index_uri = {
        .uri = "/",
        .method = HTTP_GET,
        .handler = index_handler,
        .user_ctx = NULL
    };

    log_i("Starting web server on port: '%d'", config.server_port);
    if (httpd_start(&camera_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK)
    {
        httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &index_uri);

    }
}

///

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.setDebugOutput(true);
  Serial.println();

  camera_config_t config;
  config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
  config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
  config.pin_d0 = 5;
  config.pin_d1 = 18;
  config.pin_d2 = 19;
  config.pin_d3 = 21;
  config.pin_d4 = 36;
  config.pin_d5 = 39;
  config.pin_d6 = 34;
  config.pin_d7 = 35;
  config.pin_xclk = 0;
  config.pin_pclk = 22;
  config.pin_vsync = 25;
  config.pin_href = 23;
  config.pin_sccb_sda = 26;
  config.pin_sccb_scl = 27;
  config.pin_pwdn = 32;
  config.pin_reset = -1;
  config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
  config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_UXGA;
  config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG; // for streaming
  //config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_RGB565; // for face detection/recognition
  config.grab_mode = CAMERA_GRAB_WHEN_EMPTY;
  config.fb_location = CAMERA_FB_IN_PSRAM;
  config.jpeg_quality = 12;
  config.fb_count = 1;
  
  // if PSRAM IC present, init with UXGA resolution and higher JPEG quality
  //                      for larger pre-allocated frame buffer.
  if(config.pixel_format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
    if(psramFound()){
      config.jpeg_quality = 10;
      config.fb_count = 2;
      config.grab_mode = CAMERA_GRAB_LATEST;
    } else {
      // Limit the frame size when PSRAM is not available
      config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
      config.fb_location = CAMERA_FB_IN_DRAM;
    }
  }

  // camera init
  esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
  if (err != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
    return;
  }

  sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
  // drop down frame size for higher initial frame rate
  if(config.pixel_format == PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
    s->set_framesize(s, FRAMESIZE_QVGA);
  }


  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  WiFi.setSleep(false);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");

  startCameraServer();

  Serial.print("Camera Ready! Use 'http://");
  Serial.print(WiFi.localIP());
  Serial.println("' to connect");
}

void loop() {
  // Do nothing. Everything is done in another task by the web server
  delay(10000);
}
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