一 Python发送邮件
1.1 使用SMTP模块发送邮件
python
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
msg_from = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送方邮箱
passwd = 'luzdikipwhjjbibf' # 填入发送方邮箱的授权码(填入自己的授权码,相当于邮箱密码)
msg_to = ['616564099@qq.com'] # 收件人邮箱
# msg_to = '616564099@qq.com' # 收件人邮箱
subject = "邮件标题" # 主题
# *************发送html的邮件**********
content = '''
<p>Python 邮件发送测试...</p>
<p><a href="http://www.baidu.com">这是一个链接</a></p>
'''
# 生成一个MIMEText对象
msg = MIMEText(content)
# 放入邮件主题
msg['Subject'] = subject
# 也可以这样传参
# msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
# 放入发件人
msg['From'] = msg_from
# 放入收件人
# msg['To'] = '616564099@qq.com'
# msg['To'] = '发给你的邮件啊'
try:
# 通过ssl方式发送
s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465)
# 登录到邮箱
s.login(msg_from, passwd)
# 发送邮件:发送方,收件方,要发送的消息
s.sendmail(msg_from, msg_to, msg.as_string())
print('成功')
except s.SMTPException as e:
print(e)
finally:
s.quit()
1.2 发送html格式邮件
python
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
msg_from = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送方邮箱
passwd = 'ldoetnwqdjqqbjjj' # 填入发送方邮箱的授权码(填入自己的授权码,相当于邮箱密码)
msg_to = ['616564099@qq.com'] # 收件人邮箱
# msg_to = '616564099@qq.com' # 收件人邮箱
subject = "邮件标题" # 主题
# *************发送html的邮件**********
content = '''
<p>Python 邮件发送测试...</p>
<p><a href="http://www.baidu.com">这是一个链接</a></p>
'''
# 生成一个MIMEText对象
msg = MIMEText(content)
# 放入邮件主题
msg['Subject'] = subject
# 也可以这样传参
# msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
# 放入发件人
msg['From'] = msg_from
# 放入收件人
# msg['To'] = '616564099@qq.com'
# msg['To'] = '发给你的邮件啊'
try:
# 通过ssl方式发送
s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465)
# 登录到邮箱
s.login(msg_from, passwd)
# 发送邮件:发送方,收件方,要发送的消息
s.sendmail(msg_from, msg_to, msg.as_string())
print('成功')
except s.SMTPException as e:
print(e)
finally:
s.quit()
1.3 发送带附件格式
python
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email import encoders
msg_from = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送方邮箱
passwd = '***' # 填入发送方邮箱的授权码(填入自己的授权码,相当于邮箱密码)
msg_to = ['616564099@qq.com'] # 收件人邮箱
subject = "邮件标题" # 主题
# 创建一个带附件的实例
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# 放入邮件主题
msg['Subject'] = subject
# 也可以这样传参
# msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
# 放入发件人
msg['From'] = msg_from
# 邮件正文内容
msg.attach(MIMEText('Python 邮件发送测试......', 'plain', 'utf-8'))
# 构造附件1,传送当前目录下的 test.txt 文件
att1 = MIMEText(open('test.txt', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
# 这里的filename可以任意写,写什么名字,邮件中显示什么名字
att1["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="test.txt"'
msg.attach(att1)
# 构造附件2,
with open('test.png', 'rb') as f:
# 设置附件的MIME和文件名,这里是png类型:
mime = MIMEBase('image', 'png', filename='test.png')
# 加上必要的头信息:
mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='test.png')
mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
# 把附件的内容读进来:
mime.set_payload(f.read())
# 用Base64编码:
encoders.encode_base64(mime)
# 添加到MIMEMultipart:
msg.attach(mime)
# 构造附件3,图片格式
fp = open('test.png', 'rb')
msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
fp.close()
# 定义图片 ID,在 HTML 文本中引用
msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
msg.attach(msgImage)
try:
# 通过ssl方式发送
s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465)
# 登录到邮箱
s.login(msg_from, passwd)
# 发送邮件:发送方,收件方,要发送的消息
s.sendmail(msg_from, msg_to, msg.as_string())
print('成功')
except s.SMTPException as e:
print(e)
finally:
s.quit()
1.4 Django发送邮件
在setting中配置
python
# EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com' # 如果是 163 改成 smtp.163.com
EMAIL_PORT = 465
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '306334678@qq.com' # 帐号
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '***' # 密码
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = EMAIL_HOST_USER
#这样收到的邮件,收件人处就会这样显示
#DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = 'lqz<'306334678@qq.com>'
EMAIL_USE_SSL = True #使用ssl
#EMAIL_USE_TLS = False # 使用tls
#EMAIL_USE_SSL 和 EMAIL_USE_TLS 是互斥的,即只能有一个为 True
view视图函数
python
from django.core.mail import send_mail
import threading
from mybbs import settings
t = threading.Thread(target=send_mail, args=("您的文章%s新增了一条评论内容" ,
'ddd',
settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER,
["616564099@qq.com"])
)
t.start()
一次性发多封邮件
python
from django.core.mail import send_mass_mail
message1 = ('第一封邮件标题', '这是邮件内容', 'from@example.com', ['first@example.com', 'other@example.com'])
message2 = ('第二封邮件标题', '这是邮件内容', 'from@example.com', ['second@test.com'])
'''
fail_silently: (可选)布尔值。为 False 时, send_mail 会抛出 smtplib.SMTPException 异常。smtplib 文档列出了所有可能的异常。 这些异常都是 SMTPException 的子类
'''
send_mass_mail((message1, message2), fail_silently=False)
'''
send_mail 每次发邮件都会建立一个连接,发多封邮件时建立多个连接。而 send_mass_mail 是建立单个连接发送多封邮件,所以一次性发送多封邮件时 send_mass_mail 要优于 send_mail。
'''
携带附件或发送html(需要接收方支持)
python
from django.core.mail import EmailMultiAlternatives
# subject 主题 content 内容 to_addr 是一个列表,发送给哪些人
msg = EmailMultiAlternatives('邮件标题', '邮件内容', '发送方', ['接收方'])
msg.content_subtype = "html"
# 添加附件(可选)
msg.attach_file('test.txt')
# 发送
msg.send()
备注:send_mail 每次发邮件都会建立一个连接,发多封邮件时建立多个连接。而 send_mass_mail 是建立单个连接发送多封邮件,所以一次性发送多封邮件时 send_mass_mail 要优于 send_mail
各大邮箱smtp服务器及端口
python
新浪邮箱smtp服务器
外发服务器:smtp.vip.sina.com
收件服务器:pop3.vip.sina.com
新浪免费邮件
外发服务器:smtp.sina.com.cn
收件服务器:pop3.sina.com.cn
163邮箱smtp服务器
pop: pop.163.com
smtp: smtp.163.com
QQ邮箱smtp服务器及端口
接收邮件服务器:imap.exmail.qq.com,使用SSL,端口号993
发送邮件服务器:smtp.exmail.qq.com,使用SSL,端口号465或587
yahoo邮箱smtp服务器
接:pop.mail.yahoo.com.cn
发:smtp.mail.yahoo.com
126邮箱smtp服务器
pop: pop.126.com
smtp: smtp.126.com
新浪免费邮箱
POP3:pop.sina.com
SMTP:smtp.sina.com
SMTP端口号:25
新浪VIP邮箱
POP3:pop3.vip.sina.com
SMTP:smtp.vip.sina.com
SMTP端口号:25
新浪企业邮箱
POP3:pop.sina.com
SMTP:smtp.sina.com
SMTP端口号:25
雅虎邮箱
POP3:pop.mail.yahoo.cn
SMTP:smtp.mail.yahoo.cn
SMTP端口号:25
搜狐邮箱
POP3:pop3.sohu.com
SMTP:smtp.sohu.com
SMTP端口号:25
TOM邮箱
POP3:pop.tom.com
SMTP:smtp.tom.com
SMTP端口号:25
Gmail邮箱
POP3:pop.gmail.com
SMTP:smtp.gmail.com
SMTP端口号:587 或 25
QQ邮箱
POP3:pop.exmail.qq.com
SMTP:smtp.exmail.qq.com
SMTP端口号:25
263邮箱
域名:263.net
POP3:263.net
SMTP:smtp.263.net
SMTP端口号:25
域名:x263.net
POP3:pop.x263.net
SMTP:smtp.x263.net
SMTP端口号:25
域名:263.net.cn
POP3:263.net.cn
SMTP:263.net.cn
SMTP端口号:25
域名:炫我型
POP3:pop.263xmail.com
SMTP:smtp.263xmail.com
SMTP端口号:25
21CN 免费邮箱
POP3:pop.21cn.com
SMTP:smtp.21cn.com
IMAP:imap.21cn.com
SMTP端口号:25
21CN 经济邮邮箱
POP3:pop.21cn.com
SMTP:smtp.21cn.com
SMTP端口号:25
21CN 商务邮邮箱
POP3:pop.21cn.net
SMTP:smtp.21cn.net
SMTP端口号:25
21CN 快感邮箱
POP3:vip.21cn.com
SMTP:vip.21cn.com
SMTP端口号:25
21CN Y邮箱
POP3:pop.y.vip.21cn.com
SMTP:smtp.y.vip.21cn.com
SMTP端口号:25
中华网任我邮邮箱
POP3:rwpop.china.com
SMTP:rwsmtp.china.com
SMTP端口号:25
中华网时尚、商务邮箱
POP3:pop.china.com
SMTP:smtp.china.com
SMTP端口号:25
1.5 qq邮箱配置smtp
登录qq邮箱:
[]
开启smtp服务,生成授权码
二 Python发送短信
python
# 发送短信需要借助于第三方短信平台,比较知名的有
-腾讯云短信:https://cloud.tencent.com/act/pro/csms
-阿里短信:https://cn.aliyun.com/product/sms?from_alibabacloud=
-容联云短信:https://www.yuntongxun.com/sms/note-inform
2.1 腾讯云发送短信-准备
python
# 访问地址,完成以下操作:https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2
1)申请短信签名 - 国内短信 > 签名管理【需要有公众号/备案网站/小程序等】
2)申请短信模块 - 国内短信 > 正文模板管理【发送短信的格式】
3)使用Python-sdk发送短信
-https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/43196
2.2 测试发送短信
python
# 1 安装模块
pip install --upgrade tencentcloud-sdk-python
# 2 复制官方代码测试
python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from tencentcloud.common import credential
from tencentcloud.common.exception.tencent_cloud_sdk_exception import TencentCloudSDKException
# 导入对应产品模块的client models。
from tencentcloud.sms.v20210111 import sms_client, models
# 导入可选配置类
from tencentcloud.common.profile.client_profile import ClientProfile
from tencentcloud.common.profile.http_profile import HttpProfile
try:
# 必要步骤:
# 实例化一个认证对象,入参需要传入腾讯云账户密钥对secretId,secretKey。
# 这里采用的是从环境变量读取的方式,需要在环境变量中先设置这两个值。
# 您也可以直接在代码中写死密钥对,但是小心不要将代码复制、上传或者分享给他人,
# 以免泄露密钥对危及您的财产安全。
# SecretId、SecretKey 查询: https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi
cred = credential.Credential("AKIDqLdhZJvQk9QaXLvHOMRKzQuMhqrlibOy", "YuIYggjdaKuc7Seo16zkKnL3kNpAPTQK")
# cred = credential.Credential(
# os.environ.get(""),
# os.environ.get("")
# )
# 实例化一个http选项,可选的,没有特殊需求可以跳过。
httpProfile = HttpProfile()
# 如果需要指定proxy访问接口,可以按照如下方式初始化hp(无需要直接忽略)
# httpProfile = HttpProfile(proxy="http://用户名:密码@代理IP:代理端口")
httpProfile.reqMethod = "POST" # post请求(默认为post请求)
httpProfile.reqTimeout = 30 # 请求超时时间,单位为秒(默认60秒)
httpProfile.endpoint = "sms.tencentcloudapi.com" # 指定接入地域域名(默认就近接入)
# 非必要步骤:
# 实例化一个客户端配置对象,可以指定超时时间等配置
clientProfile = ClientProfile()
clientProfile.signMethod = "TC3-HMAC-SHA256" # 指定签名算法
clientProfile.language = "en-US"
clientProfile.httpProfile = httpProfile
# 实例化要请求产品(以sms为例)的client对象
# 第二个参数是地域信息,可以直接填写字符串ap-guangzhou,支持的地域列表参考 https://cloud.tencent.com/document/api/382/52071#.E5.9C.B0.E5.9F.9F.E5.88.97.E8.A1.A8
client = sms_client.SmsClient(cred, "ap-guangzhou", clientProfile)
# 实例化一个请求对象,根据调用的接口和实际情况,可以进一步设置请求参数
# 您可以直接查询SDK源码确定SendSmsRequest有哪些属性可以设置
# 属性可能是基本类型,也可能引用了另一个数据结构
# 推荐使用IDE进行开发,可以方便的跳转查阅各个接口和数据结构的文档说明
req = models.SendSmsRequest()
# 基本类型的设置:
# SDK采用的是指针风格指定参数,即使对于基本类型您也需要用指针来对参数赋值。
# SDK提供对基本类型的指针引用封装函数
# 帮助链接:
# 短信控制台: https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2
# 腾讯云短信小助手: https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/3773#.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF.E4.BA.A4.E6.B5.81
# 短信应用ID: 短信SdkAppId在 [短信控制台] 添加应用后生成的实际SdkAppId,示例如1400006666
# 应用 ID 可前往 [短信控制台](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/app-manage) 查看
req.SmsSdkAppId = "1400635776"
# 短信签名内容: 使用 UTF-8 编码,必须填写已审核通过的签名
# 签名信息可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-sign) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-sign) 的签名管理查看
req.SignName = "小猿取经公众号"
# 模板 ID: 必须填写已审核通过的模板 ID
# 模板 ID 可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-template) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-template) 的正文模板管理查看
req.TemplateId = "1049981"
# 模板参数: 模板参数的个数需要与 TemplateId 对应模板的变量个数保持一致,,若无模板参数,则设置为空
req.TemplateParamSet = ["8888",'5']
# 下发手机号码,采用 E.164 标准,+[国家或地区码][手机号]
# 示例如:+8613711112222, 其中前面有一个+号 ,86为国家码,13711112222为手机号,最多不要超过200个手机号
req.PhoneNumberSet = ["+8618953675221"]
# 用户的 session 内容(无需要可忽略): 可以携带用户侧 ID 等上下文信息,server 会原样返回
req.SessionContext = ""
# 短信码号扩展号(无需要可忽略): 默认未开通,如需开通请联系 [腾讯云短信小助手]
req.ExtendCode = ""
# 国内短信无需填写该项;国际/港澳台短信已申请独立 SenderId 需要填写该字段,默认使用公共 SenderId,无需填写该字段。注:月度使用量达到指定量级可申请独立 SenderId 使用,详情请联系 [腾讯云短信小助手](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/3773#.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF.E4.BA.A4.E6.B5.81)。
req.SenderId = ""
resp = client.SendSms(req)
# 输出json格式的字符串回包
print(resp.to_json_string(indent=2))
# 当出现以下错误码时,快速解决方案参考
# - [FailedOperation.SignatureIncorrectOrUnapproved](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Afailedoperation.signatureincorrectorunapproved-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F)
# - [FailedOperation.TemplateIncorrectOrUnapproved](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Afailedoperation.templateincorrectorunapproved-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F)
# - [UnauthorizedOperation.SmsSdkAppIdVerifyFail](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Aunauthorizedoperation.smssdkappidverifyfail-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F)
# - [UnsupportedOperation.ContainDomesticAndInternationalPhoneNumber](https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/382/9558#.E7.9F.AD.E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.91.E9.80.81.E6.8F.90.E7.A4.BA.EF.BC.9Aunsupportedoperation.containdomesticandinternationalphonenumber-.E5.A6.82.E4.BD.95.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.9F)
# - 更多错误,可咨询[腾讯云助手](https://tccc.qcloud.com/web/im/index.html#/chat?webAppId=8fa15978f85cb41f7e2ea36920cb3ae1&title=Sms)
except TencentCloudSDKException as err:
print(err)
2.3 django中封装
python
# 封装包:
-libs
send_tx_sms #包名
__init__.py
settings.py #配置文件
sms.py # 核心文件
################ __init__.py ##############
from .sms import get_code,send_sms_by_phone
################ settings.py ##############
SECRET_ID = 'AKIDqLdhZJvQk9QaXLvHOMRKzQuMhqrlibOy'
SECRET_KEY = 'YuIYggjdaKuc7Seo16zkKnL3kNpAPTQK'
APP_ID = '1400635776'
SIGN_NAME='小猿取经公众号'
TEMPLATE_ID='1049981'
################ sms.py ##############
import random
from tencentcloud.common import credential
from tencentcloud.common.exception.tencent_cloud_sdk_exception import TencentCloudSDKException
# 导入对应产品模块的client models。
from tencentcloud.sms.v20210111 import sms_client, models
# 导入可选配置类
from tencentcloud.common.profile.client_profile import ClientProfile
from tencentcloud.common.profile.http_profile import HttpProfile
from . import settings
# 获取n位随机数组验证码的函数
def get_code(num=4):
code = ''
for i in range(num):
random_num = random.randint(0, 9)
code += str(random_num)
return code
# 发送短信函数
def send_sms_by_phone(mobile, code):
try:
cred = credential.Credential(settings.SECRET_ID, settings.SECRET_KEY)
httpProfile = HttpProfile()
httpProfile.reqMethod = "POST" # post请求(默认为post请求)
httpProfile.reqTimeout = 30 # 请求超时时间,单位为秒(默认60秒)
httpProfile.endpoint = "sms.tencentcloudapi.com" # 指定接入地域域名(默认就近接入)
# 非必要步骤:
# 实例化一个客户端配置对象,可以指定超时时间等配置
clientProfile = ClientProfile()
clientProfile.signMethod = "TC3-HMAC-SHA256" # 指定签名算法
clientProfile.language = "en-US"
clientProfile.httpProfile = httpProfile
client = sms_client.SmsClient(cred, "ap-guangzhou", clientProfile)
req = models.SendSmsRequest()
req.SmsSdkAppId = settings.APP_ID # 腾讯短信创建app把app的id号复制过来https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/app-manage
# 短信签名内容: 使用 UTF-8 编码,必须填写已审核通过的签名
# 签名信息可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-sign) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-sign) 的签名管理查看
req.SignName = settings.SIGN_NAME
# 模板 ID: 必须填写已审核通过的模板 ID
# 模板 ID 可前往 [国内短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/csms-template) 或 [国际/港澳台短信](https://console.cloud.tencent.com/smsv2/isms-template) 的正文模板管理查看
req.TemplateId = settings.TEMPLATE_ID
# 模板参数: 模板参数的个数需要与 TemplateId 对应模板的变量个数保持一致,,若无模板参数,则设置为空
req.TemplateParamSet = [code, '1']
# 下发手机号码,采用 E.164 标准,+[国家或地区码][手机号]
# 示例如:+8613711112222, 其中前面有一个+号 ,86为国家码,13711112222为手机号,最多不要超过200个手机号
req.PhoneNumberSet = ["+86" + mobile, ]
# 用户的 session 内容(无需要可忽略): 可以携带用户侧 ID 等上下文信息,server 会原样返回
req.SessionContext = ""
req.ExtendCode = ""
req.SenderId = ""
resp = client.SendSms(req)
# 输出json格式的字符串回包
# 字符串类型
print(resp.to_json_string(indent=2))
return True
except TencentCloudSDKException as err:
return False
################ views.py ##############
from libs.send_tx_sms import get_code, send_sms_by_phone
def send(request):
code = get_code()
res = send_sms_by_phone('18953675221', code)
if res:
return HttpResponse('短信发送成功')
else:
return HttpResponse('短信发送失败')
三 Python发送钉钉通知
python
# 在公司内部,我们可能会使用钉钉发送群通知或个人通知,需要使用钉钉软件
-手机端
-pc端(mac,win)
# 钉钉发送通知主要有以下两种方式
-1 发送群通知【群机器人-webhook方式】
-使用场景:发送消息到聊天群,需要创建一个聊天机器人
-2 发送个人通知【API方式】
-使用场景:给公司内某个同事-发送通知类的消息
-如果请假审批通过,报销单审批完成,员工生日祝福等
3.1 发送群通知
python
#1 文档(定义群聊天机器人):
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/robots/custom-robot-access
# 2 参照文档创建聊天机器人
单击群管理 > 机器人 > 添加机器人,选择自定义机器人
# 3 参照api文档编写消息发送
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/robot-overview
3.1.1 创建机器人
3.1.2 发送消息
发送DING消息
python
# https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/robot-sends-nail-message
import requests
import time
import hmac
import base64
import hashlib
import urllib
timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
secret = 'SEC8e6b93d027b9d27443ed6fb24e67777eb89a23d6a6f07e2c6738c3fb98e9549a'
secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret)
string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
print(timestamp)
print(sign)
url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=7f38316d68b269eac5a94aaded02839e5c27ed1365419e16fce6ad24f5e5198b×tamp=%s&sign=%s'%(timestamp,sign)
data = {
"msgtype": "text",
"text": {
"content": "通知:监控报警: 服务异常"
}
}
res = requests.post(url, json=data)
print(res.text)
发送普通消息[链接、markdown消息,feedCard消息]
python
# https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=7f38316d68b269eac5a94aaded02839e5c27ed1365419e16fce6ad24f5e5198b
import requests
import time
import hmac
import base64
import hashlib
import urllib
timestamp = str(round(time.time() * 1000))
secret = 'SEC8e6b93d027b9d27443ed6fb24e67777eb89a23d6a6f07e2c6738c3fb98e9549a'
secret_enc = secret.encode('utf-8')
string_to_sign = '{}\n{}'.format(timestamp, secret)
string_to_sign_enc = string_to_sign.encode('utf-8')
hmac_code = hmac.new(secret_enc, string_to_sign_enc, digestmod=hashlib.sha256).digest()
sign = urllib.parse.quote_plus(base64.b64encode(hmac_code))
print(timestamp)
print(sign)
url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=7f38316d68b269eac5a94aaded02839e5c27ed1365419e16fce6ad24f5e5198b×tamp=%s&sign=%s'%(timestamp,sign)
data = {
"msgtype": "link",
"link": {
"text": "这个即将发布的新版本,创始人xx称它为红树林。而在此之前,每当面临重大升级,产品经理们都会取一个应景的代号,这一次,为什么是红树林",
"title": "时代的火车向前开",
"picUrl": "",
"messageUrl": "https://www.dingtalk.com/s?__biz=MzA4NjMwMTA2Ng==&mid=2650316842&idx=1&sn=60da3ea2b29f1dcc43a7c8e4a7c97a16&scene=2&srcid=09189AnRJEdIiWVaKltFzNTw&from=timeline&isappinstalled=0&key=&ascene=2&uin=&devicetype=android-23&version=26031933&nettype=WIFI"
}
}
res = requests.post(url, json=data)
print(res.text)
发送互动卡片
python
#1 步骤:
步骤一:登录开发者后台,创建内部应用。
步骤二:获取AppKey和AppSecret。
步骤三:申请机器人接口权限,搜索"机器人",选择机器人相关接口权限并申请。
步骤四:获取应用访问凭证获取企业内部应用的access_token。
步骤五:登录互动卡片普通版搭建平台,搭建卡片模板。
步骤六:调用互动卡片服务端接口。
调用新版服务端API-机器人发送互动卡片接口,实现发送卡片信息。
根据cardBizId卡片标识ID,调用新版服务端API-更新机器人发送互动卡片接口,实现更新卡片内容
# 2 文档地址:
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/resourcedownload/ding-card-interactive-card-operation-process?spm=ding_open_doc.document.0.0.616d40e9XD0pGZ
# 3 安装sdk
pip install alibabacloud_dingtalk
3.3 发送个人通知
python
# 1 给公司某个发送通知
-https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages
# 2 在钉钉开放平台创建企业内部应用/钉钉应用
-获取应用凭证(AgentId、AppKey、AppSecret)
-https://open-dev.dingtalk.com/fe/app#/corp/app
# 3 获取用户token
-https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token
# 4 获取部门id
# 5 获取部门下所有用户
# 6 获取所有员工
# 7 发送消息
3.3.1 创建应用
python
# 1 访问地址:
https://open-dev.dingtalk.com/fe/app#/corp/app
# 2 创建应用
# 3 得到应用基本信息
AgentId、AppKey、AppSecret
3.3.2 获取token
python
# 1 文档地址:
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token
# 2 编写代码获取token
def get_access_token(appkey, appsecret):
"""
获取access_token
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token
"""
url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/gettoken'
params = {
'appkey': appkey,
'appsecret': appsecret
}
res = requests.get(url, params=params)
return res.json()
3.3.4 获取在职员工
python
# 1 接口文档
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/intelligent-personnel-query-the-list-of-on-the-job-employees-of-the
# 2 给应用授权
# 3 代码获取
def get_all_member(access_token):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/smartwork/hrm/employee/queryonjob"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
}
body={
'status_list':3,
'offset':0,
'size':50
}
res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json()
return res_json
3.3.5 发送消息
python
# 1 接口文档地址
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages
# 2 给应用授权
# 3 代码发送消息
def send_message(access_token, body):
"""
发送应用消息
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages
"""
url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/message/corpconversation/asyncsend_v2'
params = {
'access_token': access_token,
}
res = requests.post(url, params=params, json=body)
return res.json()
ret = send_message(token['access_token'], {
"agent_id": agent_id,
#"userid_list": res['userIds'][0],
"userid_list": res['result']['data_list'][0],
"msg": {
"msgtype": "text",
"text": {
"content": "你好,钉钉"
},
},
})
3.3.6 获取部门列表
python
# 旧版本接口:https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtains-a-list-of-industry-departments
def get_dep_list(access_token):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/department/list"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
}
res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json()
print(res_json)
return res_json['department'][0]['id']
# 新版本接口
def get_dep_list(access_token):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/v2/department/listsub"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
}
body={
# 'dept_id':0,
# 'language':'zh_CN'
}
res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json()
print(res_json)
return res_json['result'][0]['dept_id']
3.3.7 获取部门下人员
python
# 旧版本接口
def get_memberList(access_token,depId):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/user/getDeptMember"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
"deptId": depId,
}
res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json()
return res_json
# 新版本接口:https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtains-the-list-of-people-under-a-department
def get_memberList(access_token):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/industry/user/list"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
}
body={
"dept_id": 922598227,
'cursor':1,
'size':10
}
res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json()
return res_json
3.3.8 总代码
python
import requests
def get_access_token(appkey, appsecret):
"""
获取access_token
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/obtain-orgapp-token
:param appkey: 应用的唯一标识key
:param appsecret: 应用的密钥
:return:
{
"errcode": 0,
"access_token": "96fc7a7axxx",
"errmsg": "ok",
"expires_in": 7200
}
"""
url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/gettoken'
params = {
'appkey': appkey,
'appsecret': appsecret
}
res = requests.get(url, params=params)
return res.json()
def send_message(access_token, body):
"""
发送应用消息
https://open.dingtalk.com/document/orgapp/asynchronous-sending-of-enterprise-session-messages
"""
url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/message/corpconversation/asyncsend_v2'
params = {
'access_token': access_token,
}
res = requests.post(url, params=params, json=body)
return res.json()
def get_dep_list(access_token):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/department/list"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
}
res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json()
print(res_json)
return res_json['department'][0]['id']
def get_memberList(access_token,depId):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/user/getDeptMember"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
"deptId": depId,
}
res_json = requests.get(url=url, params=data).json()
return res_json
def get_all_member(access_token):
url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/topapi/smartwork/hrm/employee/queryonjob"
data = {
"access_token": access_token,
}
body={
'status_list':3,
'offset':0,
'size':50
}
res_json = requests.post(url=url, params=data,json=body).json()
return res_json
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 应用的唯一标识key
appkey = 'dingonm5dhwzzwc1sgnj'
# 应用的密钥
appsecret = 'uIn2WinJ87THxLSjUAcuWQwg3hSVwG462UPm6yhi-mkvd2tb3ASjTOetYvuhvXef'
# 发送消息时使用的微应用的AgentID
agent_id = '3017843676'
# 接收者的userid列表
userid_list = ''
token = get_access_token(appkey, appsecret)
print(token)
# 获取部门
dept_id=get_dep_list(token['access_token'])
# res=get_memberList(token['access_token'],dept_id)
res=get_all_member(token['access_token'])
print(res['result']['data_list'][0])
# 发消息
ret = send_message(token['access_token'], {
"agent_id": agent_id,
# "userid_list": res['userIds'][1],
"userid_list": res['result']['data_list'][0],
"msg": {
"msgtype": "text",
"text": {
"content": "你好,钉钉通知~~~~"
},
},
})
# print(ret)