为 Laravel 提供生产模式下的容器化环境:打造现代开发环境的终极指南
在现代开发中,容器化已经成为一种趋势。使用 Docker 可以让我们轻松地管理和部署应用程序。本文将带你一步步构建一个高效的 Laravel 容器化环境,确保你的应用程序在开发和生产环境中都能顺畅运行。
功能:
- 拆分队列运行容器和web服务容器
- 开发环境和生产环境分离
- 日志监控
- 方便升级
- 可推送K8s环境,实现弹性伸缩.
最终文件结构,laravel 源代码在 src中.
一、Docker Compose 文件配置
首先,我们需要创建一个 docker-compose.yml
文件,这个文件定义了我们的服务及其配置。
yaml
version: '3'
services:
app:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
environment:
- COMPOSER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT=6000
ports:
- 8290:80
volumes:
- /etc/hosts:/etc/hosts
- ../src:/var/www/html
logging: # 可以使用loki将log采集,并在grafana中设置监控和告警
driver: loki
options:
loki-url: "http://localhost:3100/loki/api/v1/push"
loki-retries: "5"
loki-batch-size: "100"
no-file: "true"
command: bash -c "chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache && service nginx start && php-fpm"
worker:
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
environment:
- COMPOSER_PROCESS_TIMEOUT=6000
command: php artisan horizon
volumes:
- /etc/hosts:/etc/hosts
- ../src:/var/www/html
# laravel 的源代码我们可以放在上层文件夹中
logging:
driver: loki
options:
loki-url: "http://localhost:3100/loki/api/v1/push"
loki-retries: "5"
loki-batch-size: "100"
no-file: "true"
links:
- app
二、Dockerfile 配置
接下来,我们需要编写 Dockerfile 文件,定义应用程序的运行环境。这样可以很容易的拆分开开发和生产环境
Dockerfile
# Use the base PHP image with the specified version
FROM php:8.2.14-fpm
# Set the working directory inside the container
WORKDIR /var/www/html
# Update package lists and install necessary dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
curl \
libpng-dev \
libonig-dev \
libxml2-dev \
zip \
unzip \
libzip-dev \
libjpeg-dev \
libfreetype6-dev \
libssl-dev \
libcurl4-openssl-dev
# Install Nginx
RUN apt-get install -y nginx
# Install PHP extensions required by your application
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql mbstring exif pcntl bcmath gd zip
RUN docker-php-ext-install soap
RUN docker-php-ext-install ctype
RUN docker-php-ext-install curl
RUN docker-php-ext-install dom
RUN docker-php-ext-install fileinfo
RUN docker-php-ext-install filter
RUN docker-php-ext-install session
RUN docker-php-ext-install xml
RUN docker-php-ext-install ftp
# Install and enable the Redis extension
RUN pecl install redis && docker-php-ext-enable redis
# Install Xdebug extension
# RUN pecl install xdebug && docker-php-ext-enable xdebug
# Copy the application files into the container
# COPY . .
# Change ownership of directories used by the application
# RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache
RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php -- --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
# RUN composer install --optimize-autoloader --no-dev
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
RUN rm /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html
# Expose ports 80 and 443 to the outside world
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
# Set the default command to run when the container starts
CMD service nginx start && php-fpm
三、Nginx 配置
创建一个 nginx.conf
文件,配置 Nginx 以服务我们的 Laravel 应用程序。
nginx
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
root /var/www/html/public;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_read_timeout 3000;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 3000;
fastcgi_send_timeout 3000;
}
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}
四、Makefile 配置
为了更方便地管理 Docker 容器,我们可以使用 Makefile 定义常用的命令。
Makefile
install: build
docker compose run --rm app composer install
docker compose run --rm app cp -f .env.prod .env
update:
docker compose run --rm app composer update
cache:
docker compose run --rm app php artisan route:cache
docker compose run --rm app php artisan config:cache
docker compose run --rm app composer dump-autoload -o
build: build-app build-work
build-app:
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml build app
build-work:
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml build worker
start:
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d
stop:
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml down
restart:
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml restart
exec:
docker compose exec app /bin/bash
info:
docker compose run --rm app php -i
通过以上配置,我们可以轻松地为 Laravel 应用提供一个容器化环境。这不仅提高了开发效率,还确保了生产环境的稳定性。赶快试试吧!喜欢这篇文章的话,不要忘了点赞、收藏和分享哦!
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