上午
1、环境准备
[root@mysql ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf //清空/etc目录下的my.cnf
[root@mysql ~]# yum -y remove mariadb //移除mariadb
[root@mysql ~]# find / -name "*mysql*" -exec rm -rf {} \; //删除mysql所有遗留文件2、安装mysql绿包
[root@mysql ~]# tar -xf mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
[root@mysql ~]# ls
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mysql-router-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mysql-test-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@mysql ~]# tar -xf mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@mysql ~]# ls
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mysql-router-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mysql-test-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@mysql ~]# cd mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
[root@mysql mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64]# ls
bin docs include lib LICENSE man README share support-files3、配置mysql工作环境
[root@mysql ~]# vim support-...... //查看配置文件
/basedir
[root@mysql ~]# cp -r mysql-8.0.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql/ //将项目文件移动到/usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql ~]# tree /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql ~]# yum list installed | grep libaio //查看libaio是否存在
[root@mysql ~]# echo $? //查看上一命令是否执行成功
[root@mysql ~]# id mysql //查看是否有mysql用户
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql //如果没有mysql用户，创建用户
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files //在/usr/local/mysql目录下创建mysql-files目录
[root@mysql ~]# chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/ //修改mysql-files所属的组和属主都是mysql
[root@mysql ~]# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/ //修改mysql-files的权限为750
[root@mysql ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql/
总用量 292
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 8月 5 09:55 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 38 8月 5 09:55 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 282 8月 5 09:55 include
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 201 8月 5 09:55 lib
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 284945 8月 5 09:55 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 30 8月 5 09:55 man
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 6 8月 5 09:56 mysql-files
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666 8月 5 09:55 README
drwxr-xr-x. 28 root root 4096 8月 5 09:55 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 77 8月 5 09:55 support-files
[root@mysql ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/ //cd到安装目录
[root@mysql bin]# ls
ibd2sdi mysqlcheck mysqlpump
innochecksum mysql_config mysql_secure_installation
lz4_decompress mysql_config_editor mysqlshow
myisamchk mysqld mysqlslap
myisam_ftdump mysqld-debug mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
myisamlog mysqld_multi mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
myisampack mysqld_safe mysql_upgrade
my_print_defaults mysqldump perror
mysql mysqldumpslow zlib_decompress
mysqladmin mysqlimport
mysqlbinlog mysql_migrate_keyring
[root@mysql bin]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ //初始化数据库
[root@mysql ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql/ //查看是否生成了data目录
bin docs lib man README support-files
data include LICENSE mysql-files share
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data //创建安全加密连接
[root@mysql ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql8 //将mysql.server文件放到/etc/init.d/目录下，方便启动mysql服务 service mysql start
[root@mysql ~]# service mysql8 start //启动mysql服务
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err'.
....... SUCCESS!
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p //进入mysql中
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.33
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> mysql -hip地址 -p3306 -uroot -p（远程连接使用）
4、mysql基础命令
（1）修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Root@123456'; （2）授权远程登录
mysql> create user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Root@123456'; //创建root远程登录（3）刷新
mysql> flush privileges; //刷新操作（4）查看表结构
mysql> desc mysql.user; //查看表结构（5）查看用户与主机关系
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; //查看用户与主机对应关系
5、mysql操作命令
（1）创建li用户
mysql> create user 'li'@'%' identified by 'Root@123456'; //创建用户li，并且可以在所有主机连接mysql（2）为li用户授权
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'li'; //为li用户授予所有数据库的所有表格的所有权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)（3）使用li用户连接mysql
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uli -pRoot@123456 //使用li用户连接mysql（4）查看数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)（5）创建tset数据库
mysql> create database if not exists test charset utf8; //创建一个名为test的数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)（6）使用数据库
mysql> use test; //使用test数据库
Database changed（7）创建user表
mysql> create table `user` ( //创建user表
`id` int NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(45) NOT NULL,
primary key ('id')
);（8）向表中插入数据
mysql> insert into user values(1,"zhangsan","123"),(2,"lisi","456"),(3,"wangwu","789"),(4,"zhaoliu","aaa"); //为user表插入数据
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0（9）查看表内容
mysql> select * from user; //查看user表内容
[root@mysql ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin //创建软链接下午
1、脚本安装mysql
[root@mysql ~]# vim mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
cp $1 /usr/local/mysql/
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files/
grep /mysql/ /etc/password
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
fi
chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files
chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files
# init
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/
# password
# service
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql8
# start server
service mysql8 start2、mysql命令回顾
（1）远程登录前提条件是mysql.user表中的host属性为%，如果是localhost就不允许远程登录，
update mysql.user set host=“%” where user=“root”; //修改表内容
flush privileges; //刷新（2）远程管理，可以使用图形化工具，sqlyog，navicat，掌握命令工具，客户端工具mysql
（3）mysql -h10.0.0.3 -P3306 -uli -pRoot@123456
| -h | 主机ip或者是域名 | 如果是localhost或者是127.0.0.1可以省略 |
|---|---|---|
| -P | 端口 | 默认的是3306，如果是默认的，可以省略 |
| -u | 用户名 | 必须输入 |
| -p | 密码 | 可以不换行直接输入，也可以换行，不回显输入密码 |
创建用户
create user 'li'@'%' identified by 'Root@123456';给权限
grant all on *.* to 'li';创建库
create database if not exists test;创建表
use test;
create table user(
'id' int primary key,
'username' varchar(45) not null,
'password' varchar(45) not null
);添加数据
inster into test.user values(1,"zhangsan","123"),(2,"lisi","456"),(3,"wangwu","789"),(4,"zhaoliu","aaa");3、mysql用户权限设置
（1）创建lilaosi用户
mysql> create user 'lilaosi'@'%' identified by 'Lilaosi@123456'; //添加lilaosi账号（2）修改密码
mysql> alter user 'lilaosi'@'%' identified by 'Lilaosi@123456'; //修改密码 （3）查看用户与主机关系
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; //查看mysql.user信息
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | li |
| % | lilaosi |
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)（4）退出数据库
mysql> quit
Bye（5）使用lilaosi登录mysql（发现无任何权限）
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -ulilaosi -pLilaosi@123456
mysql> show databases; //只有自己的权限
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye（6）使用root用户为lilaosi用户赋予test数据库中所有表的所有权限
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -pRoot@123456
mysql> grant all on test.* to 'lilaosi'; //使用root账号为lilaosi账号添加test库中所有表的权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -ulilaosi -pLilaosi@123456
mysql> show databases; //对test数据库有一定的权限
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
（root没有给lilaosi mysql库的权限，所有lilaosi账户无法查看mysql库。）（7）将system_user权限给root
mysql> grant system_user on *.* to 'root'; //将system_user权限给root（8）为aaa用户赋予查看test数据库user表的权限
mysql> show grants for aaa; //只有自己的权限
+---------------------------------+
| Grants for aaa@% |
+---------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `aaa`@`%` |
+---------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant select on test.user to 'aaa'; //为aaa用户赋予test数据库user表的查看权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uaaa -p123
mysql> select * from test.user; //查看成功
+----+----------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+----+----------+----------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 123 |
| 2 | lisi | 456 |
| 3 | wangwu | 789 |
| 4 | zhaoliu | aaa |
+----+----------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into user values(5,"ermazi","bbb"); //没有插入权限
ERROR 1142 (42000): INSERT command denied to user 'aaa'@'localhost' for table 'user'
mysql> update user set password="bbb" where username="zhaoliu"; //没有修改权限
ERROR 1142 (42000): UPDATE command denied to user 'aaa'@'localhost' for table 'user'
mysql> quit
Bye（9）为aaa用户赋予test数据库user表插入权限
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -pRoot@123456
mysql> grant insert on test.user to 'aaa'; //赋予插入权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uaaa -p123
mysql> insert into test.user values(5,"ermazi","bbb"); //插入成功
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from test.user;
+----+----------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+----+----------+----------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 123 |
| 2 | lisi | 456 |
| 3 | wangwu | 789 |
| 4 | zhaoliu | aaa |
| 5 | ermazi | bbb |
+----+----------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update test.user set password='000' where username='ermazi'; //没有修改权限
ERROR 1142 (42000): UPDATE command denied to user 'aaa'@'localhost' for table 'user'4、命令练习
（1）创建三个账号，abc[abcd]，ccc[a1b2c3],ddd[231343]
mysql> create user 'abc'@'%' identified by 'abcd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create user 'ccc'@'%' identified by 'a1b2c3';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create user 'ddd'@'%' identified by '231343';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | aaa |
| % | abc |
| % | ccc |
| % | ddd |
| % | li |
| % | lilaosi |
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)（2）删除用户lilaosi
删除lilaosi用户
mysql> drop user 'lilaosi';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | aaa |
| % | abc |
| % | ccc |
| % | ddd |
| % | li |
| % | root |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)（3）aaa，ccc，ddd三个账户的密码修改为123
mysql> alter user 'aaa'@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user 'ccc'@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user 'ddd'@'%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)（4）权限添加练习
（1）添加aaa账户，设置密码aaaa
mysql> create user 'aaa'@'%' identified by 'aaaa';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)（2）使用aaa账户访问mysql服务
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uaaa -paaaa（3）查看test数据库发现没有权限
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)（4）退出并使用root账户登录
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -pRoot@123456（5）为aaa账户添加查看test.user表的权限
mysql> grant select on test.user to 'aaa';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)（6）退出root，使用aaa账户登录
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uaaa -paaaa（7）查看数据库，查看表，查看表内容，能够正常查看
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| user |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test.user;
+----+----------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+----+----------+----------+
| 1 | zhangsan | 123 |
| 2 | lisi | 456 |
| 3 | wangwu | 789 |
| 4 | zhaoliu | aaa |
| 5 | ermazi | bbb |
+----+----------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)（8）输入数据，没有权限
mysql> inster into user values(6,"aaa","aaaa");
ERROR 1142 (42000): INSERT command denied to user 'aaa'@'localhost' for table 'user'（9）退出aaa使用root登录
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uroot -pRoot@123456（10）为aaa添加insert权限
mysql> grant insert on test.user to 'aaa';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)（11）退出root使用aaa登录
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -uaaa -paaaa（12）使用aaa账户，想user表中添加一行新的数据
mysql> insert into test.user values(6,"aaa","aaaa");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)（13）修改user表中一行的数据的password（密码）为111，没有update权限
mysql> update test.user set password="111" where username='aaa';
ERROR 1142 (42000): UPDATE command denied to user 'aaa'@'localhost' for table 'user'（14）为aaa用户一次性添加delect，update权限
mysql> grant delete,update on test.user to 'aaa';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'aaa';
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for aaa@% |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `aaa`@`%` |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `test`.`user` TO `aaa`@`%` |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)6、权限角色
（1）创建角色
mysql> create role 'jingli'; //创建jingli角色
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create role 'yuangong'; //创建yonghu角色
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)（2）为角色赋予权限
mysql> grant insert,delete,update,select on test.user to 'jingli'; //为jingli角色添加select，insert，delete，update权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'jingli'; //查看jingli角色权限
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for jingli@% |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `jingli`@`%` |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `test`.`user` TO `jingli`@`%` |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant select,insert on test.user to 'yuangong'; //为yuangong添加select，insert权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for 'yuangong'; //查看yonghu角色权限
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for yuangong@% |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `yuangong`@`%` |
| GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON `test`.`user` TO `yuangong`@`%` |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; //查看角色保存的表格
+-----------+------------------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------------------+
| % | aaa |
| % | abc |
| % | ccc |
| % | ddd |
| % | jingli |
| % | li |
| % | root |
| % | yuangong |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
| localhost | root |
+-----------+------------------+
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)（3）用户授予角色权限
mysql> grant jingli to 'ddd'; //将ddd用户授予jingli角色，拥有jingli权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for ddd; //查看权限授权
+---------------------------------+
| Grants for ddd@% |
+---------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `ddd`@`%` |
| GRANT `jingli`@`%` TO `ddd`@`%` |
+---------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; //刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)（4）删除角色权限
mysql> revoke all on *.* from "yuangong"; //删除yuangong所有权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for "yuangong"; //查看yuangong权限
+---------------------------------------+
| Grants for yuangong@% |
+---------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `yuangong`@`%` |
+---------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)7、角色练习
新增bbb和ccc两个用户，bbb需要增删改查权限，ccc需要新增与查看权限
mysql> create user 'bbb'@'%' identified by 'bbb'; //创建bbb用户
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create user 'ccc'@'%' identified by 'ccc'; //创建ccc用户
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant jingli to 'bbb'; //将bbb用户授予jingli角色，拥有jingli权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant yuangong to 'ccc'; //将ccc用户授予yuangong角色，拥有yuangong权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for bbb; //查看权限授权
+---------------------------------+
| Grants for bbb@% |
+---------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `bbb`@`%` |
| GRANT `jingli`@`%` TO `bbb`@`%` |
+---------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show grants for ccc; //查看权限授权
+-----------------------------------+
| Grants for ccc@% |
+-----------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO `ccc`@`%` |
| GRANT `yuangong`@`%` TO `ccc`@`%` |
+-----------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; //刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)