目录
利用docker ps -a命令查看要导出的镜像。
【容器】镜像导出/导入
导出
查看要导出的镜像
bash
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -adocker export命令进行镜像导出。
bash
[root@localhost ~]# docker export 418ae > nginx-docker.tar
导入
带标签
利用 cat image.tar|docker import -- image_name:tag 命令进行导入
bash
# 导入时，带上标签 ---- 名称和标签尽量和原镜像保持一致
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]$ cat nginx-docker.tar | docker import - nginx:1.20.1
不带标签，后期修改
bash
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# ll
total 132428
-rw-r--r--. 1 vipsoft root 135605760 Aug 19 15:38 nginx-docker.tar
# docker import 导入，没有镜像名称和标签的
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker import nginx-docker.tar
sha256:be2f0bed014f5eaf8227e9849f03614944f85f2ac25e7ad261b39bef2799a03a
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
<none> <none> be2f0bed014f 5 minutes ago 131MB
nacos/nacos-server v2.1.1 5ef6d98bd956 2 years ago 1.06GB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 7 years ago 643MB
# 使用 docker tag命令进行修改 ":" 前代表镜像名称，":"后代表镜像标签
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker tag be2f0bed nginx:1.21.1
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx 1.21.1 be2f0bed014f 7 minutes ago 131MB
nacos/nacos-server v2.1.1 5ef6d98bd956 2 years ago 1.06GB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 7 years ago 643MB利用docker import命令导入的镜像，镜像在仓中是没有镜像名称和标签的，可以使用docker tag命令进行修改。
【仓库】镜像导出/导入
导出
bash
docker save -o nginx-vipsoft-docker.tar nginx:1.20.1
# nginx-docker.tar：代表导出镜像后的压缩名字，可以任意命名。
# -o：指定输出文件名，可以任意命名。
# nginx:1.20.1 ：代表仓库中要导出的镜像名称。按仓库中实际名字为主。导入
bash
# docker load -i 镜像保存文件位置
docker load -i /home/vipsoft/docker/nginx-vipsoft-docker.tar注：如果在某一个容器里安装了某些命令或配置，导出镜像时，一定要先把容器提交到镜像，否则导出的镜像再次导入新的docker中，你安装命令或配置会丢失。
如下所示，我在某一个容器里安装了查看网络的命令，但没有提交容器到镜像，导出后再次导入到其它docker环境后，执行ifconfig时报命令换不到：
docker commit 418ae48f5db8 nginx:1.20.1
导入（完整命令）
bash
[root@localhost ~]# docker images | grep nginx
nginx 1.20.1 c8d03f6b8b91 2 years ago 133MB
registry.baidubce.com/netrainpublic/nginx latest 90c072ff69fd 4 years ago 287MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a | grep nginx
418ae48f5db8 nginx:1.20.1 "/docker-entrypoint...." 18 hours ago Up 18 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 418ae /bin/bash
root@418ae48f5db8:/# vi /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
bash: vi: command not found
root@418ae48f5db8:/# exit
exit
# 容器中没有 vi 命令，将 index.html 复制到宿主机中进行修改
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp 418ae48:/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html /opt/index.html
[root@localhost ~]# vi /opt/index.html
# 将改好的文件 复制到容器中
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp /opt/index.html 418ae48:/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
# 进入容器，查看是否被修改
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 418ae /bin/bash
root@418ae48f5db8:/# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
<b>VipSoft 2024.08.20</b> #增加的内容
</body>
</html>
root@418ae48f5db8:/# exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker images | grep nginx
nginx 1.20.1 c8d03f6b8b91 2 years ago 133MB
registry.baidubce.com/netrainpublic/nginx latest 90c072ff69fd 4 years ago 287MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a | grep nginx
418ae48f5db8 nginx:1.20.1 "/docker-entrypoint...." 18 hours ago Up 18 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
# 将容器修改后的内容，提交到镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker commit 418ae nginx:1.20.1
sha256:b532c001cdda870c5cf3c689d720b39571f160071671758ae899aed2870b8517 #生成新的镜像 b532...
[root@localhost ~]# docker images | grep nginx
nginx 1.20.1 b532c001cdda 7 seconds ago 133MB #生成新的镜像 b532...
nginx <none> c8d03f6b8b91 2 years ago 133MB
registry.baidubce.com/netrainpublic/nginx latest 90c072ff69fd 4 years ago 287MB
# 保存镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker save -o nginx-vipsoft-docker.tar nginx:1.20.1
[root@localhost ~]# ll | grep nginx
-rw-------. 1 root root 137402368 8月 20 09:38 nginx-vipsoft-docker.tar
[root@localhost ~]#目标机
bash
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker images | grep nginx
# 加载保存的镜像
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker load -i /home/vipsoft/docker/nginx-vipsoft-docker.tar
e81bff2725db: Loading layer [==================================================>] 72.52MB/72.52MB
6662554e871b: Loading layer [==================================================>] 64.8MB/64.8MB
4edd8832c8e8: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.072kB/3.072kB
0dcd28129664: Loading layer [==================================================>] 4.096kB/4.096kB
8ffde58510c5: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584kB/3.584kB
91117a05975b: Loading layer [==================================================>] 7.168kB/7.168kB
dd6582995144: Loading layer [==================================================>] 19.97kB/19.97kB
Loaded image: nginx:1.20.1
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker images | grep nginx
nginx 1.20.1 b532c001cdda 22 minutes ago 133MB
# 运行 Nginx 镜像
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker run -d -p 80:80 --name nginx nginx:1.20.1
3d7e05768d372f8753882505313563be23fd594ad6bb2778fd49ff9cf47cecdb
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker ps -a | grep nginx
3d7e05768d37 nginx:1.20.1 "/docker-entrypoint...." 10 seconds ago Up 9 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
# 查看日志
[vipsoft@kafka1host docker]# docker logs --tail=100 -f nginx