使用HTML实现贪吃蛇游戏

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>贪吃蛇游戏</title>
    <style>
        canvas {
            display: block;
            margin: 20px auto;
            border: 1px solid #000;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <canvas id="gameCanvas" width="400" height="400"></canvas>
    <script>
        const canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');
        const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
        const boxSize = 20;
        let snake = [{x: 10, y: 10}];
        let food = {x: 15, y: 15};
        let dx = 0, dy = 0;

        function draw() {
            ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
            drawSnake();
            drawFood();
        }

        function drawSnake() {
            snake.forEach(segment => {
                ctx.fillStyle = 'green';
                ctx.fillRect(segment.x * boxSize, segment.y * boxSize, boxSize, boxSize);
            });
        }

        function drawFood() {
            ctx.fillStyle = 'red';
            ctx.fillRect(food.x * boxSize, food.y * boxSize, boxSize, boxSize);
        }

        function update() {
            const head = {x: snake[0].x + dx, y: snake[0].y + dy};
            snake.unshift(head);
            if (head.x === food.x && head.y === food.y) {
                food = {x: Math.floor(Math.random() * (canvas.width / boxSize)), y: Math.floor(Math.random() * (canvas.height / boxSize))};
            } else {
                snake.pop();
            }
        }

        function checkCollision() {
            const head = snake[0];
            if (head.x < 0 || head.x >= canvas.width / boxSize || head.y < 0 || head.y >= canvas.height / boxSize) {
                return true;
            }
            for (let i = 1; i < snake.length; i++) {
                if (head.x === snake[i].x && head.y === snake[i].y) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        function gameLoop() {
            if (checkCollision()) {
                alert('游戏结束');
                document.location.reload();
                return;
            }
            update();
            draw();
            setTimeout(gameLoop, 100);
        }

        document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
            switch (e.key) {
                case 'ArrowUp':
                    if (dy === 0) { dx = 0; dy = -1; }
                    break;
                case 'ArrowDown':
                    if (dy === 0) { dx = 0; dy = 1; }
                    break;
                case 'ArrowLeft':
                    if (dx === 0) { dx = -1; dy = 0; }
                    break;
                case 'ArrowRight':
                    if (dx === 0) { dx = 1; dy = 0; }
                    break;
            }
        });

        gameLoop();
    </script>
</body>
</html>

上述代码实现了一个基本的贪吃蛇游戏，包括蛇的移动、食物的生成、碰撞检测和游戏循环。你可以通过方向键来控制蛇的移动。游戏会在蛇撞到墙壁或自身时结束，并提示"游戏结束"。