TOMCAT - 技术栈

TOMCAT实验

tomcat的部署
步骤
tomcat的反向代理及负载均衡
- 步骤
- 通过nginx单机反向代理
[tomcat 的session会话保持](#tomcat 的session会话保持)

tomcat的部署

准备rhel9环境

nginx 172.25.254.100

tomcat-node1 172.25.254.10

tomcat-node2 172.25.254.20

提示：下载安装包https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.93/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.93.tar.gz xftp上传node1和node2里要实现tomcat需要安装java环境

步骤

1.下载java环境

c 复制代码

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# dnf install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 -y

[root@tomcat-node2 ~]#  dnf install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 -y

2.安装tomcat

c 复制代码

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-9.0.93.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/

[root@tomcat-node1 local]# ls

[root@tomcat-node1 local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.93 tomcat

[root@tomcat-node1 local]# ls

[root@tomcat-node1 local]# cd tomcat/

3.启动：（脚本启动）

c 复制代码

[root@tomcat-node1 tomcat]# cd bin/

[root@tomcat-node1 bin]# ./startup.sh 

[root@tomcat-node1 bin]# netstat -anltupe | grep java

8080

打开浏览器：172.25.254.10：端口------>172.25.254.10：8080

目录结构

目录说明

bin 服务启动、停止等相关程序和文件

conf 配置文件

lib 库目录

logs 日志目录

webapps 应用程序，应用部署目录，相当于nginx的默认发布目录

work jsp 编译后的结果文件，建议提前预热访问

4.生成主配置文件

c 复制代码

[root@tomcat-node1 tomcat]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/

[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# vim tomcat.conf

> JAVA_HOME=/etc/alternatives/jre_openjkd
[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# vim /lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service
> > [Unit] Description=Tomcat
> #After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target After=syslog.target network.target
> 
> [Service] Type=forking
> EnvironmentFile=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat.conf
> ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
> ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh PrivateTmp=true User=tomcat
> Group=tomcat
> 
> [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# vim /usr/bin/tomcat

#!/bin/bash
case $1 in
  start)
  /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
  ;;
  stop)
  /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
  esac

把配置文件里启动命令的路径换一下

[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# vim /lib/systemd/system/tomcat.service

> ExecStart=/usr/bin/tomcat start 
> ExecStop=/usr/bin/tomcat stop
[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M tomcat
[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# ps aux | grep tomcat

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# ls /usr/local/tomcat/ -ld

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# chown -R tomcat.tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# systemctl enable --now tomcat
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# ps aux | grep tomcat

继续访问浏览器172.25.254.10:8080还在

web1完成

web2copy

tomcat的反向代理及负载均衡

把test.jsp 下载到web1/root下

c 复制代码

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# cp test.jsp /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/

在浏览器下访问:172.25.254.10:8080/test.jsp(模拟网页会话机制)

步骤

通过nginx单机反向代理

c 复制代码

[root@nginx ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/

[root@nginx conf.d]# vim vhost.conf 

upstream memcache{
	server 127.0.0.1:11211;
	keepalive 512;
}
server{
	listen *:80;
	server_name www.hhhoo.org;
	root /data/web/html;
	index index.html;

	location /memc {
		internal;
		memc_connect_timeout 100s;
		memc_send_timeout 100ms;
		memc_read_timeout 100ms;
		set $memc_key $query_string;
		set $memc_exptime 300;
		memc_pass memcache;
	}

	location ~ \.php$ {
		root /data/web/php;
		set $key $uri$args;
		srcache_fetch GET /memc $key;
		srcache_store PUT /memc $key;
		fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
		fastcgi_index index.php;
		include fastcgi.conf;
	}

	location ~ \.jsp$ {
		proxy_pass http://172.25.254.10:8080;
	}
}
[root@nginx conf.d]# nginx -s reload

打开浏览器访问：http://www.hhhoo.org/test.jsp

c 复制代码

upstream memcache{
    server 127.0.0.1:11211;
    keepalive 512;
}
upstream tomcat {
    hash $cookie_JSESSIONID;					#会话保持
    server 172.25.254.10:8080;
    server 172.25.254.20:8080;
}
server{
    listen *:80;
    server_name www.hhhoo.org;
    root /data/web/html;
    index index.html;

    location ~ \.jsp$ {
        proxy_pass http://tomcat;
    }
}

如果tomcat没了，会话内容会丢失；

tomcat 的session会话保持

tomcat可以把session复制到需要的地方（memcached）；

memcached的安装与启动

memcached没有客户端

在web1和web2上装

c 复制代码

[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# dnf install memcached -y
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached 
PORT="11211"
USER="memcached"
MAXCONN="1024"
CACHESIZE="64"
OPTIONS="-l 0.0.0.0,::1"
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# systemctl start memcached.service 
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# netstat -antlupe | grep memcached
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# dnf install telnet -y
[root@tomcat-node1 ~]# telnet 172.25.254.10 11211

> Trying 172.25.254.10... 
> Connected to 172.25.254.10. 
> Escape character is '^]'. 
> add key1 0 20 2 
> hh 
> STORED 
> get key1 
> VALUE key1 0 2 
> hh 
> quit

把jar包上传到node1、2的/root里

c 复制代码

 [root@tomcat-node1 jar]# cp *.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
[root@tomcat-node1 jar]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/
[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# ls
[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# vim context.xml

 <Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
 memcachedNodes="m1:172.25.254.10:11211,m2:172.25.254.20:11211"
 failoverNodes="m1"								#出错了找memcached主机
 requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
 transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
/>

#在操作文档中有https://github.com/magro/memcached-session-manager

[root@tomcat-node1 conf]# systemctl restart tomcat.service