1.添加依赖
在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖:
XML
<!-- 进行统一的版本管理-->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>3.3.3</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<!-- JDK版本-->
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- kafka -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
2.添加配置类
添加链接kafka的一些配置信息:
java
@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class KafkaConfig {
@Bean
public Map<String, Object> producerConfigs() {
Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "test-group");
props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, JsonSerializer.class);
props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, JsonSerializer.class);
return props;
}
@Bean
public KafkaTemplate<String, Object> kafkaTemplate() {
return new KafkaTemplate<>(producerFactory());
}
@Bean
public DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<String, Object> producerFactory() {
return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs());
}
// Kafka消费者配置
@Bean
public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory() {
Map<String, Object> configProps = new HashMap<>();
configProps.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
configProps.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
configProps.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, JsonDeserializer.class);
return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(configProps);
}
@Bean
public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
return factory;
}
}
并在application.yml文件中配置项目启动端口,若不配置,默认为8080:
java
spring:
application:
name: ProviderTest
server:
port: 7749
3.消息生产者
模拟生产者发送消息到topic中心的方法:
java
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.SendResult;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
@Component
public class KafkaProducerService {
@Autowired
private KafkaTemplate<String, Object> kafkaTemplate;
public void sendMessage(String topic, Object object) {
CompletableFuture<SendResult<String, Object>> future = kafkaTemplate.send(topic, object)
.thenApply(result -> {
// 在这里可以添加发送成功后的处理逻辑
System.out.println("消息发送成功: " + result);
return result;
})
.exceptionally(exception -> {
// 处理发送失败的情况
System.err.println("消息发送失败: " + exception.getMessage());
return null; // 或者根据业务需求返回适当的默认值
});
}
}
想要发送不同的消息,在这里配置一个controller类,通过访问url地址的方式发送不同的消息,需要如下配置:
java
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/kafka")
public class KafkaController {
@Autowired
KafkaProducerService kafkaProducerService;
@GetMapping("/sendMessage/{topic}/{object}")
public void sendMessage(@PathVariable("topic") String topic, @PathVariable("object") String object)
{
kafkaProducerService.sendMessage(topic, object);
}
}
4.消息消费者
模拟消息消费者消费消息的方法:
java
@Component
public class KafkaConsumerService {
/**
* @KafkaListener监听用户组为test-group的topic02主题的消息
* @param message
*/
@KafkaListener(groupId = "test-group", topics = "topic02")
public void listen(String message) {
System.out.println("获取到的消息为:" + message);
}
}
5.测试
5.1先启动zookeeper客户端
到zookeeper安装目录下:双击zkServer.cmd文件:
看到如下服务端启动成功:
5.2启动kafka
到kafka的安装目录下进入cmd窗口:
输入命令启动kafka:
java
.\bin\windows\kafka-server-start.bat .\config\server.properties
若出现如下表示启动成功:
5.3在浏览器测试
启动kafka后端项目,在浏览器输入url访问进行发送消息到topic中:
localhost:7749/kafka/sendMessage/topic02/测试
其中7749是后端定义的端口号,"topic02"是在消息消费者端设置的监听的主题名称,"测试"为发送的具体内容并且值可以改为自己想要发送的任何数据:
可以看到控制台打印出消费者消费到的数据: