/etc/init.d/mysql - 技术栈

Since you've installed MySQL from source, you'll need to create a custom init script to manage the MySQL server (start, stop, status) similarly to a service. Here's a simple init.d script template for MySQL that you can use. This script assumes MySQL is installed in /usr/local/mysql and uses the mysql user.

1. Create the Init Script

Create a new script file in /etc/init.d/:

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sudo vim /etc/init.d/mysql

2. Copy the Script Template

Paste the following content into the file:

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#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          mysql
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: MySQL Server
# Description:       MySQL Server
### END INIT INFO

# MySQL installation directory
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# MySQL data directory
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# MySQL binary path
mysqld=${basedir}/bin/mysqld
mysqladmin=${basedir}/bin/mysqladmin
# MySQL user
mysql_user=mysql
# MySQL root user for shutdown (update with correct root password)
mysql_root_password='root_password'

# Process ID file location
pidfile=${datadir}/mysqld.pid
# Log file
logfile=${datadir}/mysql.log

start_mysql() {
    echo "Starting MySQL server..."
    sudo -u $mysql_user $mysqld --user=$mysql_user --pid-file=$pidfile --log-error=$logfile --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp &
    echo "MySQL started."
}

stop_mysql() {
    echo "Stopping MySQL server..."
    sudo -u $mysql_user $mysqladmin -u root -p"$mysql_root_password" shutdown
    echo "MySQL stopped."
}

status_mysql() {
    if [ -f $pidfile ]; then
        echo "MySQL is running (PID: $(cat $pidfile))."
    else
        echo "MySQL is not running."
    fi
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        start_mysql
        ;;
    stop)
        stop_mysql
        ;;
    status)
        status_mysql
        ;;
    restart)
        stop_mysql
        start_mysql
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/mysql {start|stop|status|restart}"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

exit 0

3. Adjust Configuration

MySQL Root Password:

Update the mysql_root_password variable with the actual root password of your MySQL installation. If you don't want to hardcode the password, you can be prompted for it or use sudo without password, but it's less convenient.
Paths:

Ensure the basedir and datadir paths are correct. Adjust them if your MySQL installation or data directory is in a different location.

4. Set Permissions

Make the script executable:

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sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

5. Enable the Script

To enable the script to start at boot, use the following command:

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sudo update-rc.d mysql defaults

6. Managing MySQL

Now you can manage MySQL using the init script:

Start MySQL:
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```
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
```
Stop MySQL:
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```
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
```
Check MySQL status:
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```
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql status
```
Restart MySQL:
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```
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
```

This script should work for basic management of your MySQL server.

When the initial root password for MySQL is expired, you'll need to change it before you can perform any other operations. Here are the steps to update the expired password:

1. Log In to MySQL with the Expired Password

Use the --connect-expired-password option to log in as root with the expired password:

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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p --connect-expired-password

Enter the expired password ,wmdGF>ju3!d when prompted.

2. Change the Root Password

After logging in, change the password using the ALTER USER statement:

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ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewStrongPassword';

Replace 'NewStrongPassword' with your new desired password. Make sure it meets MySQL's password policy requirements (minimum length, mix of letters, numbers, special characters, etc.).

3. Flush Privileges

If required, you can flush the privileges to ensure the changes take effect immediately:

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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

4. Exit MySQL

Exit the MySQL command-line interface:

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EXIT;

5. Verify the New Password

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/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

Enter your new password when prompted.

This process should update your expired MySQL root password successfully.