Since you've installed MySQL from source, you'll need to create a custom init script to manage the MySQL server (start, stop, status) similarly to a service. Here's a simple init.d
script template for MySQL that you can use. This script assumes MySQL is installed in /usr/local/mysql
and uses the mysql
user.
1. Create the Init Script
Create a new script file in /etc/init.d/
:
bash
sudo vim /etc/init.d/mysql
2. Copy the Script Template
Paste the following content into the file:
bash
#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: MySQL Server
# Description: MySQL Server
### END INIT INFO
# MySQL installation directory
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# MySQL data directory
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# MySQL binary path
mysqld=${basedir}/bin/mysqld
mysqladmin=${basedir}/bin/mysqladmin
# MySQL user
mysql_user=mysql
# MySQL root user for shutdown (update with correct root password)
mysql_root_password='root_password'
# Process ID file location
pidfile=${datadir}/mysqld.pid
# Log file
logfile=${datadir}/mysql.log
start_mysql() {
echo "Starting MySQL server..."
sudo -u $mysql_user $mysqld --user=$mysql_user --pid-file=$pidfile --log-error=$logfile --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp &
echo "MySQL started."
}
stop_mysql() {
echo "Stopping MySQL server..."
sudo -u $mysql_user $mysqladmin -u root -p"$mysql_root_password" shutdown
echo "MySQL stopped."
}
status_mysql() {
if [ -f $pidfile ]; then
echo "MySQL is running (PID: $(cat $pidfile))."
else
echo "MySQL is not running."
fi
}
case "$1" in
start)
start_mysql
;;
stop)
stop_mysql
;;
status)
status_mysql
;;
restart)
stop_mysql
start_mysql
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/mysql {start|stop|status|restart}"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
3. Adjust Configuration
-
MySQL Root Password:
Update the
mysql_root_password
variable with the actual root password of your MySQL installation. If you don't want to hardcode the password, you can be prompted for it or usesudo
without password, but it's less convenient. -
Paths:
Ensure the
basedir
anddatadir
paths are correct. Adjust them if your MySQL installation or data directory is in a different location.
4. Set Permissions
Make the script executable:
bash
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
5. Enable the Script
To enable the script to start at boot, use the following command:
bash
sudo update-rc.d mysql defaults
6. Managing MySQL
Now you can manage MySQL using the init script:
-
Start MySQL:
bashsudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
-
Stop MySQL:
bashsudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
-
Check MySQL status:
bashsudo /etc/init.d/mysql status
-
Restart MySQL:
bashsudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
This script should work for basic management of your MySQL server.
When the initial root password for MySQL is expired, you'll need to change it before you can perform any other operations. Here are the steps to update the expired password:
1. Log In to MySQL with the Expired Password
Use the --connect-expired-password
option to log in as root with the expired password:
bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p --connect-expired-password
Enter the expired password ,wmdGF>ju3!d
when prompted.
2. Change the Root Password
After logging in, change the password using the ALTER USER
statement:
sql
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewStrongPassword';
Replace 'NewStrongPassword'
with your new desired password. Make sure it meets MySQL's password policy requirements (minimum length, mix of letters, numbers, special characters, etc.).
3. Flush Privileges
If required, you can flush the privileges to ensure the changes take effect immediately:
sql
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
4. Exit MySQL
Exit the MySQL command-line interface:
sql
EXIT;
5. Verify the New Password
Log in again using the new password to verify that it has been updated successfully:
bash
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter your new password when prompted.
This process should update your expired MySQL root password successfully.