【HarmonyOS】鸿蒙应用OAID广告标识ID设置设备唯一标识

【HarmonyOS】广告标识ID设置设备唯一标识

前言

1.广告标识ID-OAID是什么？：

开放匿名设备标识符（Open Anonymous Device Identifier, OAID，以下简称OAID）：是一种非永久性设备标识符，基于开放匿名设备标识符，可在保护用户个人数据隐私安全的前提下，向用户提供个性化广告

2.OAID并非持久的唯一标识，不能当做DevicID使用：

虽然OAID是设备级标识符，同一台设备上不同的App获取到的OAID值一样。

但是当用户恢复手机出厂设置。用户操作重置OAID。都会导致OAID变化。并且最重要的是默认手机设备是没有开启【跨应用关联访问权限】，通过系统API获取到的是全0的值，没有用。只有当用户主动开启了，你去申请才能拿到值。

3.开启权限弹框的前置步骤

**【跨应用关联访问权限】**这个名字挺抽象的，你可以理解为安卓和苹果手机常说的跟踪访问或者广告ID权限。并且在鸿蒙中，同一台设备上当有应用去申请"跨应用关联访问权限"开关时，会首次生成OAID。

只有当用户开启时，调用API才会有主动提示用户授权的弹框，如下图：

代码实现：

代码运行日志：

调用函数：

dart 复制代码

import { identifier } from '@kit.AdsKit';
import { abilityAccessCtrl, common } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { hilog } from '@kit.PerformanceAnalysisKit';
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {

  onClickGetOAID = ()=>{
    this.requestOAIDTrackingConsentPermissions(getContext());
  }

  private requestOAIDTrackingConsentPermissions(context: common.Context): void {
  // 进入页面时，向用户请求授权广告跨应用关联访问权限
  const atManager: abilityAccessCtrl.AtManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager();
  try {
    atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(context, ["ohos.permission.APP_TRACKING_CONSENT"]).then((data) => {
      if (data.authResults[0] === 0) {
        hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'succeeded in requesting permission');
        identifier.getOAID((err: BusinessError, data: string) => {
          if (err.code) {
            hilog.error(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', `get oaid failed, error: ${err.code} ${err.message}`);
          } else {
            const oaid: string = data;
            hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', `succeeded in getting oaid by callback , oaid: ${oaid}`);
          }
        });
      } else {
        hilog.error(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', 'user rejected');
      }
    }).catch((err: BusinessError) => {
      hilog.error(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', `request permission failed, error: ${err.code} ${err.message}`);
    })
  } catch (err) {
    hilog.error(0x0000, 'testTag', '%{public}s', `catch err->${err.code}, ${err.message}`);
  }
}

  build() {
    RelativeContainer() {
      Text("点击请求用户OAID")
        .id('IndexHelloWorld')
        .fontSize(50)
        .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
        .alignRules({
          center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
          middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
        })
        .onClick(this.onClickGetOAID)
    }
    .height('100%')
    .width('100%')
  }
}

申请权限配置文件：

ohos.permission.APP_TRACKING_CONSENT

dart 复制代码

{
  "module": {
    "name": "entry",
    "type": "entry",
    "description": "$string:module_desc",
    "mainElement": "EntryAbility",
    "deviceTypes": [
      "phone",
      "tablet",
      "2in1"
    ],
    "deliveryWithInstall": true,
    "installationFree": false,
    "pages": "$profile:main_pages",
    "abilities": [
      {
        "name": "EntryAbility",
        "srcEntry": "./ets/entryability/EntryAbility.ets",
        "description": "$string:EntryAbility_desc",
        "icon": "$media:layered_image",
        "label": "$string:EntryAbility_label",
        "startWindowIcon": "$media:startIcon",
        "startWindowBackground": "$color:start_window_background",
        "exported": true,
        "skills": [
          {
            "entities": [
              "entity.system.home"
            ],
            "actions": [
              "action.system.home"
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "extensionAbilities": [
      {
        "name": "EntryBackupAbility",
        "srcEntry": "./ets/entrybackupability/EntryBackupAbility.ets",
        "type": "backup",
        "exported": false,
        "metadata": [
          {
            "name": "ohos.extension.backup",
            "resource": "$profile:backup_config"
          }
        ],
      }
    ],
    "requestPermissions": [
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.APP_TRACKING_CONSENT",
        "reason": "$string:reason",
        "usedScene": {
          "abilities": [
            "EntryAbility"
          ],
          "when": "inuse"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}