SpringBoot（Ⅱ-2）——，SpringBoot版本控制，自动装配原理补充（源码），自动导包原理补充（源码），run方法

SpringBoot的版本控制是怎么做的

starter版本控制

SpringBoot的核心父依赖，下面导入的所有starter依赖都不需要指定版本，版本默认和spring-boot-starter-parent的parent版本一致；

xxxstarter内部jar包依赖的版本管理，starter自动做好了，不会出现冲突，也不需要我们操心

xml 复制代码

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.7</version>
    <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

所有jar包的依赖的版本，追根溯源是spring-boot-dependencies

我们点进去spring-boot-starter-parent，会发现这个项目还有自己的父依赖

xml 复制代码

<parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
  <version>2.6.7</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>spring-boot-starter-parent</name>

我们继续点进去spring-boot-dependencies，会发现这个spring-boot-starter-parent所依赖的所有jar包的版本

spring-boot-dependencies就是SpringBoot的版本仲裁中心
没有被包括在这个文件当中的依赖，还是需要写version

自动获取需要扫的包路径（获取主启动类的所在包及其子包，作为包扫描的参数）

@SpringBootApplication → @EnableAutoConfiguration → @AutoConfigurationPackage → @Import({AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class}) → 方法public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) → 选中new PackageImports(metadata)).getPackageNames()，右键Evaluate expression

得到如图结果

自动装配bean(约定大于配置)

自动将默认的包名导入一个list中，然后根据@ConditionalOnxxx注解剔除不需要加载的包，最后将需要加载的包的所有bean导入IOC容器

@SpringBootApplication → @EnableAutoConfiguration → @Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class}) → AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class →

getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes)方法获取候选配置类全限定类名 → 根据starter和配置文件（@ConditionalOnxxx注解选择哪些bean被真正装配，而哪些被过滤）

重点：
1. xxxxAutoConfiguration.class帮助我们给容器中自动装配组件（一般都带有@ConditionalOnxxx注解）
2. xxxxProperties配置类与配置文件互相映射，同时其中的字段值有默认属性值。所以当配置文件没有值的时候，就走默认值；反之，则走配置文件的值
这就是约定大于配置，或者叫约定优于配置

全限定类名被拼接在一个List<String> configurations当中

java 复制代码

protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
    List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());
    Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
    return configurations;
}

java 复制代码

protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
    if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
        return EMPTY_ENTRY;
    } else {
        AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
        List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);// 所有候选配置
        configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);// 去重
        Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);// 根据注解元数据获取需要被排除的
        this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);// 校验是否真的需要被排除
        configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
        configurations = this.getConfigurationClassFilter().filter(configurations);// 其他过滤
        this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
        return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);// 最终返回
    }
}

过滤完成只剩下25个了

最终拼接到一个map当中

java 复制代码

private final Map<String, AnnotationMetadata> entries = new LinkedHashMap();

SpringBoot启动类run方法的作用

@SpringBootApplication注解只是标记作用，告诉Spring自动配置和自动导包的内容

实际读取和加载这些事情，是run方法做的

run方法代码分析

java 复制代码

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(SpringBootWithSpringMvc01Application.class, args);
}

点进去之后是另一个run方法

java 复制代码

public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?> primarySource, String... args) {
    return run(new Class[]{primarySource}, args);
}

再点进去是第三个run方法

java 复制代码

public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?>[] primarySources, String[] args) {
    return (new SpringApplication(primarySources)).run(args);
}

最终的run方法内容

java 复制代码

public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
    long startTime = System.nanoTime();
    DefaultBootstrapContext bootstrapContext = this.createBootstrapContext();
    ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
    this.configureHeadlessProperty();
    SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = this.getRunListeners(args);
    listeners.starting(bootstrapContext, this.mainApplicationClass);

    try {
        ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = this.prepareEnvironment(listeners, bootstrapContext, applicationArguments);
        this.configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
        Banner printedBanner = this.printBanner(environment);
        context = this.createApplicationContext();
        context.setApplicationStartup(this.applicationStartup);
        this.prepareContext(bootstrapContext, context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
        this.refreshContext(context);
        this.afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
        Duration timeTakenToStartup = Duration.ofNanos(System.nanoTime() - startTime);
        if (this.logStartupInfo) {
            (new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)).logStarted(this.getApplicationLog(), timeTakenToStartup);
        }

        listeners.started(context, timeTakenToStartup);
        this.callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
    } catch (Throwable var12) {
        this.handleRunFailure(context, var12, listeners);
        throw new IllegalStateException(var12);
    }

    try {
        Duration timeTakenToReady = Duration.ofNanos(System.nanoTime() - startTime);
        listeners.ready(context, timeTakenToReady);
        return context;
    } catch (Throwable var11) {
        this.handleRunFailure(context, var11, (SpringApplicationRunListeners)null);
        throw new IllegalStateException(var11);
    }
}

核心

this.setInitializers(this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationContextInitializer.class));是核心

第三个run方法中，SpringApplication的构造方法，实际上是创建Spring的配置对象

java 复制代码

public SpringApplication(Class<?>... primarySources) {
    this((ResourceLoader)null, primarySources);
}

// 完成了自动装配
public SpringApplication(ResourceLoader resourceLoader, Class<?>... primarySources) {
    this.sources = new LinkedHashSet();
    this.bannerMode = Mode.CONSOLE;
    this.logStartupInfo = true;
    this.addCommandLineProperties = true;
    this.addConversionService = true;
    this.headless = true;
    this.registerShutdownHook = true;
    this.additionalProfiles = Collections.emptySet();
    this.isCustomEnvironment = false;
    this.lazyInitialization = false;
    this.applicationContextFactory = ApplicationContextFactory.DEFAULT;
    this.applicationStartup = ApplicationStartup.DEFAULT;
    this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
    Assert.notNull(primarySources, "PrimarySources must not be null");
    this.primarySources = new LinkedHashSet(Arrays.asList(primarySources));
    this.webApplicationType = WebApplicationType.deduceFromClasspath();
    this.bootstrapRegistryInitializers = new ArrayList(this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(BootstrapRegistryInitializer.class));
    // 完成读取所有配置初始化的工作
    this.setInitializers(this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
    this.setListeners(this.getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
    this.mainApplicationClass = this.deduceMainApplicationClass();
}